<p>By using modern methods of casting concrete, cast in place can get more effective and industrialized. A modern method is self compacting concrete. By using this type of concrete, advantages like improved working environment and rationalized construction can be reached. Because the concrete doesn’t need to be vibrated, the amount of staff on site and the noise can be reduced. </p><p>Self compacting concrete has been used in Sweden for over 10 years, still it only stands for </p><p>5 % of the cast in placed concrete in the country. This report deals with, why self compacting concrete isn’t used more often when casting in place within civil engineering.</p><p>The result is that self compacting concrete with “anläggningscement” (Swedish low heat Portland cement) is a sensitive product because many factors needs to be correct to reach a good result. A reason fore this sensitivity is that the recipe of the concrete has a low tolerance for variations in the different components. Small variations can lead to changes in the consistency which means that the concrete is destroyed and this will result in delay of the delivery to the site. When casting self compacting concrete it’s dependent that the flow of fresh concrete comes continuously, otherwise the concrete can start to cure. </p><p>The problem that self compacting concrete is a sensitive product needs to be resolved to ensure that this concrete can help casting in place to be industrialized within civil engineering.</p>

By using modern methods of casting concrete, cast in place can get more effective and industrialized. A modern method is self compacting concrete. By using this type of concrete, advantages like improved working environment and rationalized construction can be reached. Because the concrete doesn’t need to be vibrated, the amount of staff on site and the noise can be reduced. Self compacting concrete has been used in Sweden for over 10 years, still it only stands for 5 % of the cast in placed concrete in the country. This report deals with, why self compacting concrete isn’t used more often when casting in place within civil engineering. The result is that self compacting concrete with “anläggningscement” (Swedish low heat Portland cement) is a sensitive product because many factors needs to be correct to reach a good result. A reason fore this sensitivity is that the recipe of the concrete has a low tolerance for variations in the different components. Small variations can lead to changes in the consistency which means that the concrete is destroyed and this will result in delay of the delivery to the site. When casting self compacting concrete it’s dependent that the flow of fresh concrete comes continuously, otherwise the concrete can start to cure. The problem that self compacting concrete is a sensitive product needs to be resolved to ensure that this concrete can help casting in place to be industrialized within civil engineering.

Alla människor som någonsin har åkt bil har också suttit i långa, långsamma bilköer förbibyggarbetsplatser. Byggnadsmetoder som används i dag är beroende av faktorer som kan göraarbetsplatsen krävande och farlig för de som passerar och för personal på arbetsplatsen. De extrakostnaderna som arbetet medför är det slutkunden som får betala, det vill säga skattebetalarna.Studien har undersökt arbetsutförande och arbetsmiljö inom produktion av betongbroar, därprefabricerad och platsgjuten metod jämförs.Prefabricering av betongbroar används redan i hög grad i övriga länder i Europa länder somNederländerna, Storbritannien och Frankrike, metoden är idag svagt etablerad i Sverige. Inomstudien undersöks om anledningen till den låga användningen ligger i att arbetsutförandet avprefabricering inte fungerar i Sverige eller om arbetsmiljön inom metoden påverkar valet.När beställare eller entreprenör väljer produktionssätt är målet att den mest anpassade metodenanvänds. Val med omsorg är grundläggande för att arbetsutförandet eller arbetsmiljön inte ska blilidande. Tidigare fallstudie på två liknande referensobjekt där vardera metoden jämförtsundersöktes kostnadsskillnaderna på dessa med en slutsatsen att prefabricering är billigare.För att uppnå syfte och mål har undersökningen genomförts med hjälp av litteraturstudier samtenkät- och intervjustudie av personer inom branschen. I studien har främst personer inomadministrationen från olika företag fokuserats på för att ge ett rättvist resultat mellan de olikametoderna. Intervjuerna av administrationen har samlat in både åsikter och erfarenheter avbetongbrokonstruktion. Enkäterna har blivit besvarade av yrkesarbetarna där åsikter har varit avstörsta vikt för att se hur inställningen är till en möjlig förändring av de som skulle bli påverkademest av en industrialisering. De sammanställda svaren från intervjuer och enkäter har analyseratsmot litteratur.Analysen visar att en framtida industrialisering skulle vara möjlig av betongbroar med kortarespännvidder. Resultatet visar att branschen är redo att implementera prefabricering till de broardär prefabricering skulle vara möjligt, men att företag och beställare behöver komma förbikonservativa åsikter inom branschen för att utvecklingen ska ske fullt ut.Utifrån denna undersökning och tidigare undersökningar har prefabricering av betongelement enljus framtid inom anläggningsbranschen. En industrialisering skulle främst gynna slutkund vilketär skattebetalarna men även yrkesarbetarna med ett säkrare arbete. / Anyone who has ever driven a car have also been sitting in long, slow traffic jams past constructionsites. Modern construction methods used are depending on factors that can make the workplacedemanding and dangerous for those passing by and for employees at the construction site. Theadditional costs involved in the construction will ultimately affect the end consumer who is thetaxpayer.The study has examined the work performance and working environment in the production ofconcrete bridges, where prefabricated and the site-cast method is compared.Prefabrication of concrete bridges is already widely used in the rest of Europe but is barelyestablished in Sweden. The study examines whether the reason for the low use lies in the fact thatthe execution of the precast method doesn´t work in Sweden or whether the working environmentwithin the method affects the choice.When selecting work method, the goal is to make the client or contractor to choose the most fittedand relevant method. It´s essential to choose with care to ensure that work performance or theworking environment doesn´t get affected. Previous case studies on two similar reference targetscomparing each method examined the cost differences and concluded that the precast method isthe cheaper option.In order to achieve goals and objectives, the thesis was carried out with the help of literature studiesalong with a survey and interview study of people within the industry. The study is mainly focusedon the administration personnel from various companies to give a fair result between the differentmethods. The interviews of the administration gathered opinions and experiences of concretebridge construction. The surveys have been answered by construction workers where theiropinions have been of paramount importance to get an overall view of the attitude to a possiblechange. The compiled responses from interviews and surveys have been analyzed and comparedagainst relevant literature.The analysis shows that an industrialization is indeed possible within bridge constructionparticularly for bridges of shorter spans. The results show that the industry is ready to implementprefabrication methods to those bridges where prefabrication would be possible but requirecompanies and clients to address their conservative views of the bridge industry in order fordevelopment to take place entirely.Based on this and previous studies, prefabrication of concrete elements has a bright future in theconstruction industry. Industrialization would mainly benefit the end customer, which is thetaxpayer but also the professional workers with a safer and healthier workplace.