Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-10-28T08:58:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Natércia Moraes Garrido.pdf: 740452 bytes, checksum: 9b3fd28da447950635920c8c26de32ab (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-28T08:58:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Natércia Moraes Garrido.pdf: 740452 bytes, checksum: 9b3fd28da447950635920c8c26de32ab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-29 / This dissertation aims to demonstrate how modernist poetic writing is built in Azulejos (1963), corpus of this work, by maranhense poet Nascimento Morais Filho. In the first part, we will talk about the Modernist period in Brazil, emphasizing the poetic generations that developed between 1900 and 1950, as well as their historical and social contexts. We will approach since pre modern years, when we notice the first attempts of artistic transgression, going through Semana de Arte Moderna event and arriving at 1930’s, 1940’s and 1950’s decades, period in which poetic writing achieves its consolidation and maturity. Next, we will trace a path of maranhense literature during the same period – from 1900 to 1950 – pointing out some historiographical aspects that allow us to possibly explain the reasons for a late development of Modernism in Maranhão throughout twentieth century. We will highlight the importance of maranhense poet Bandeira Tribuzzi’s generation, although emphasizing the presence of poet Nascimento Morais Filho and his literary production inside this renewal context. The second part of this work, which is the main part, is set to analyze Azulejos’ poems, considering their linguistic level – oral procedures – as well as their thematic level – childhood – by observing the author’s writing procedures, that allow us to insert this literary work in the modernist context. To carry out this research, we found theorical foundation in scholars’ thoughts such as Ávila (1975), Vieira Filho (1979), Corrêa (1989, 2001), Benjamin (2002, 2013), Andrade (2010), Cândido (2010) and Paz (2012) / Esta dissertação visa demonstrar como se constrói a escrita poética modernista na obra Azulejos (1963), corpus deste trabalho, do poeta maranhense Nascimento Morais Filho. Em um primeiro momento falaremos sobre o período do Modernismo no Brasil, enfatizando as gerações poéticas que se desenvolveram no período entre 1900 e 1950, bem como seus contextos histórico-sociais. Abordaremos desde os anos pré-modernistas, em que percebemos as primeiras tentativas de transgressão artística, passando pelo evento da Semana de Arte Moderna e chegando às décadas de 1930, 1940 e 1950, décadas em que ocorrem a consolidação e o amadurecimento do fazer poético. Em seguida traçaremos um percurso da literatura maranhense durante o mesmo período – 1900 a 1950 – destacando alguns aspectos historiográficos que permitem uma possível explicação para as razões de um tardio desenvolvimento do Modernismo no Maranhão ao longo do século XX. Destacaremos a importância da Geração do poeta maranhense Bandeira Tribuzzi, porém enfatizando a presença de Nascimento Morais Filho e sua produção literária dentro deste contexto de renovação. O segundo momento deste trabalho, que se constitui o principal, se dedica a analisar os poemas de Azulejos, tanto sob o plano linguístico – o da oralidade – quanto sob o plano temático – a infância – observando os procedimentos de escrita adotados pelo autor e que nos permite situar a obra no contexto modernista. Para realizar esta pesquisa, buscamos principalmente a fundamentação teórica nos pensamentos de estudiosos como Ávila (1975), Vieira Filho (1979), Corrêa (1989, 2001), Benjamin (2002, 2013), Andrade (2010), Cândido (2010) e Paz (2012)

Enigmatique, poétique, fragmentaire, foisonnante, réitérative, l’œuvre de Pascal Quignard attire par son univers complexe composé de fiction, de vécu personnel, de récits fabuleux, d’érudition, de pensées philosophiques, dans lequel on rencontre des lieux qui constituent des ports d’attache et qui détiennent les secrets du temps. Ces lieux semblent structurer l’œuvre. L’auteur s’intéresse à l’esprit des lieux comme pour mieux souligner les liens invisibles et imaginaires qui se tissent entre l’homme, son territoire et son passé. Etudier l’esprit des lieux et le mythe de l’origine chez Quignard, c’est essayer de comprendre l’évocation récurrente de ce territoire devenu obsédant et sa puissance de représentation dans la création de l’écrivain. Avec le choix du double corpus, romanesque et philosophique, avec le choix d’une méthode de recherche pluridisciplinaire (critique littéraire, anthropologie, imaginaire), notre thèse se construit en trois parties, qui abordent successivement la question de l’attirance des lieux, celle du glissement de l’enchantement à la mélancolie, ainsi que les caractéristiques de l’écriture poétique et mythique de Quignard. Nous trouvons des lieux enchantés qui reflètent la Weltanschauung de l’auteur. Véritables sources de vie, de l’imagination et de la création, ils suscitent la réconciliation entre l’homme et son passé, son territoire et son identité, même si la mélancolie y demeure fondamentale. Les personnages de Quignard sont extrêmement sensibles à tout ce qui est perdu et oublié, à des maisons et lieux abandonnés, à des hommes qui sont présentés comme des enfants d’Eve exilés. Le désir de ré-enraciner, de se ré-ancrer dans le lieu d’autrefois révèle l’attachement mais aussi la défaillance, car l’homme se trouve vite confronté à ce qui est perdu, au vide. L’enchantement reste éphémère, la mélancolie nous ouvre la porte des lieux sombres. Pour mettre en lumière l’esprit des lieux, Pascal Quignard a recours à une écriture riche en réminiscences, en images, en mythes. Son œuvre est le fruit de l’imaginaire, de l’intuition. Les relations complexes entre Fragments, Réminiscences, Mémoire dans son écriture révèlent la profondeur poétique de l’œuvre, tandis que le narrateur suit l’instant, la trace des êtres, les appels lointains, toujours avec son intuition, et ses impressions de poète mélancolique. L’écrivain sert également d’anciens mythes, les transforme et les enrichit comme un moyen efficace pour créer son propre mythe des lieux : mythe du perdu, mythe du retour et mythe de l’origine. / Enigmatic, poetic, fragmentary, abundant, the attraction of Pascal Quignard's work comes from the complex universe of fiction, personal experiences, fabulous stories, extensive documentation and philosophical thoughts, in which some places are homeports, holding the secrets of time. Such places seem to structure the work. The author favors the spirit of places, as if to underline the invisible imaginary links between man, his territory and his past. To study the spirit of places and the origin of myth in the work of Quignard one has to try to understand the recurring evocation, which has become obsessive, of this territory, and his power of creation as writer. With the choice of a double corpus, fiction and philosophy, and a method of interdisciplinary research (literary criticism, anthropology, imagination), our thesis divides into three parts, which will examine in succession the attractiveness of places, then proceed from enchantment to melancholy, and eventually determine the characteristics of the poetic and (the) mythical writing of Quignard. We will find enchanted places that reflect the worldview of the author. They are the true sources of life, imagination and creativity, bringing about reconciliation between man and his past, his territory and his identity, even if melancholy remains fundamental in them. The characters of Quignard are extremely sensitive to all that is lost and forgotten, abandoned homes and places, and to men who are Eve's children in exile. The desire to re-root oneself into the place of the past reveals attachment but also failure, because man is quickly confronted with loss and emptiness. The enchantment remains elusive; melancholy appears constant and opens somber places in his work. To enhance the spirit of place, Quignard makes use of a rich choice of reminiscences, images and myths. His work is at the same time search for, analysis and a quest on man and his place on earth, but it is also a product of imagination and intuition. The complex relations between Fragments, Reminiscences, and Memory in his writing reveal the poetic depth of the work. The narrator also follows moment and instinct, always with the intuition and feelings of a melancholy poet. The writer also uses ancient myths and transforms and enriches them as an effective way to create his own myth of place: myth of (the) loss, myth of (the) return and the myth of (the) origin.