This diploma thesis evaluates the influence of a thermal insulation of a structure on expenses related to its operation. It addresses the issues of a thermal insulation, energy loss, energy consumption, and evaluates the recovery of investments considering the insulation costs. It also monitors the insulation price projection on the total cost of the property.

The master thesis named Hotel at Vysočina solves project documentation in the degree for building construction. The hotel has three floors. The object is without a cellar. As roofing is used a flat and oblique roof. Walling system is called POROTHERM with contact insulation from expanded polystyrene EPS-F.

Master's thesis consists of two parts, theoretical and practical. In the theoretical section are listed basic information about alternative aggregates used for concrete mixture, like polystyrene, cinder and recycled concrete. Further, the influence of these alternative aggregates, used as secondary raw materials, on the behaviour and properties of fresh respectively hardened concrete. Possibilities of application concrete containing secondary raw materials are mentioned. In the practical part are experimentally verified physical and mechanical properties of concrete containing crushed waste polystyrene beads, furthermore thermal insulation properties and resistance to elevated temperatures is tested. Influence of heating plant cinder powder as active addition to concrete mixture was tested. As a next is prepared concrete with replacement of coarse aggregate by cinder and recycled concrete and tested. The influence of these secondary raw materials on workability, compressive strength, frost resistance and water permeability of concrete is also defined. The last part of research is focused on recycled concrete such as main material used in mixture of aggregates bonded with cement, dispose for base layers in roads. In conclusion are discussed results from experimental research and summary of knowledge’s about using polystyrene, cinder and recycled concrete as aggregates for concrete mixtures.

Thesis deals with options of use waste from insulating materials. Theoretical part of thesis describes waste and insulating materials used in civil engineering. Practical part of thesis describes utilization of waste from mineral wool. Its output are options of use waste from mineral wool and selected physical properties of recycled material.

This work is focused on physical interactions of negatively charged polymers with small ionogenic fluorescent molecules. Trying to verify the presence of these interactions using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and provides a comprehensive view of the problem. The aim of this work is to observe the effect of concentration on the diffusion properties. P/D ratio, where P represents number of polymer binding sites and D number of dye binding sites, was chosen for this issue. Hyaluronate, sodium chondroitin sulfate and sodium polystyrene sulfonace were used as polymers and Acridine Orange, and Rhodamine 6G were chosen as fluorescent probes. The reason why this experiment uses these probes, was the assumption, that the positive charge occuring on the fluorescent probe will lead to the electrostatic interaction with the negatively charged polymer. As a result, the bond between acridine orange and polyelectrolyte was not clearly demonstrated, but the interaction with Rhodamine 6G have been proved.

AquaVillas CasaBona väggsystem innehåller i dagsläget isoleringsmaterialet EPS, vilket har visat svagheter vid brand. Målet med denna studie var att föreslå ett alternativt isoleringsmaterial till EPS med hänsyn till brand, energianvändning och U-värde, samt energiåtgång och koldioxidutsläpp vid tillverkning. Syftet var att det föreslagna alternativa isoleringsmaterialet skall kunna användas av tillverkare i väggprodukter som ett alternativ till EPS. I denna studie undersöktes fyra olika isoleringsmaterial genom kritisk granskning av vetenskapliga artiklar och litteratur, samt genom fältstudie och beräkningar i energiberäkningsprogrammet VIP-energy. De isoleringsmaterial som undersöktes var expanderad polystyren, polyuretan, polyisocyanurat och stenull. Resultaten visade att EPS, PUR och PIR är avsevärt sämre ur brandsynpunkt än stenull. Vid tillverkning av de olika isoleringsmaterialen fick EPS bäst resultat när det gäller koldioxidutsläpp. För energiåtgång vid tillverkning fick EPS bäst resultat då isoleringsskiktet i det undersökta väggsystemet var 200 mm tjockt, men då utgångspunkten istället var att väggen skulle ha ett U-värde på 0,112 W/m2K, fick stenull bäst resultat i denna kategori. PUR och PIR fick sämst resultat gällande både energiåtgång och koldioxidutsläpp vid tillverkning. Stenull gav väggen den bästa energianvändningen men samtliga material klarade kraven i Boverkets Byggregler. Vid sammanvägning av samtliga undersökta egenskaper för de olika isoleringsmaterialen anses det mest lämpliga materialet för en vägg vara stenull. / The AquaVilla CasaBona wall system currently contains the insulation material EPS, which has shown weaknesses while exposed to fire. The aim for this study was to suggest an alternative insulation material to EPS regarding fire, energy use and U-vale as well as energy use and carbon dioxide emissions for manufacturing. The purpose was that the suggested alternative insulation material should be able to be used by manufacturers in wall products as an alternative to EPS. In this study, four different insulation materials were examined by critically reviewing scientific articles and literature, as well as field studies and calculations with the energy calculation program VIP-energy. The insulation materials investigated were expanded polystyrene, polyurethane, polyisocyanurate and rockwool. The findings showed that EPS, PUR and PIR were not nearly as good as rockwool regarding fire. When manufacturing the various insulation materials, EPS gives the best results in terms of carbon dioxide emissions. EPS gives the best results regarding energy use for manufacturing when the insulation layer in the investigated wall system was 200 mm thick, but when the wall was given a U-value of 0,112 W/m2K, rockwool got the best results in this category. PUR and PIR gave the worst results regarding both energy use and carbon dioxide emissions at manufacturing. Rockwool generated the best results regarding energy use, but all of the materials met the requirements from Boverkets Byggregler. When comparing all the investigated characteristics of the various insulation materials, the most suitable material for an external wall was considered to be rockwool.

Functional polymer foams are considered as a promising field which could potentially produce foams with added value. Specifically, functionally graded foams are materials which are expected to provide better mechanical properties while preserving low density in comparison with regular foams. In this thesis, a preparation process of such foams is designed, examination of prepared structure and comparison of mechanical properties with regular foams is performed. The obtained results are discussed and further research in this field is proposed.

Diploma thesis treat of effect of direct, alternate and pulse electrical stress on the properties surveyed electrical insulating material. Object of this experiment is crystalline high-density polystyrene QUINN PS. To monitor the stress is used the method of dielectric relaxation spectroscopy. Under examinations are the resultant dielectric spectra, which constitute the frequency dependencies of components of complex permitivity. Samples of the selected material are exposed to effects of alternate and pulse electrical stress on the different intensities of the electric field. In the direct field are then monitored absorption characteristics and specific volume resistance of the samples.

My thesis solveses the office building. The building will be located in Šumperk. It will be located near the center. The building has two floors and a partial basement floor. Ceilings are beams with ceramic inserts and reinforced concrete slabs. Vertical structure consists of a ceramic blocks in the aboveground parts and concrete blocks in the underground section. The roof is walked on vegetation. The staircase is reinforced concrete, monolithic. The entire building is insulated with mineral wool. Basement is insulated with polystyrene foam.

The trend in today's civil engineering are growing demands for quality and comfort constructed buildings and spaces in them. This trend causes a change in the approach to designing buildings and building new buildings. One of the main directions great importance is attached dedicated reconstruction of buildings and their technical adjustments to meet the ever increasing demands being norms and laws. One of the most monitored parameters are thermal-technical characteristics of objects - i.e. better quality means saving on heating costs. In this connection there is a big trend of the modern construction industry and building insulation, mainly ETICS systems. Dissertation focuses on the basic (reinforced) layer of the ETICS and examines the effect of low temperatures, acting on the matter in the implementation of the system, the properties of this layer. This coating is one of the key elements of the system, which more or less determines the quality and durability of the system. The first part deals with the current state of the problem and generally insulation systems, basic types and the advantages and disadvantages of these systems. In the main part of the work is solution focused work, its objectives and methodology for testing materials using laboratory tests and are mentioned outputs of experiments in terms of results. The final section addresses the evaluation of the data and results and output for construction practice. The theme of work was also addressed in the specific research. The works are also numerical and graphical attachments to records of experiments and calculations.