During the vegetation period of 2018, grass areas in the Koliště Municipal Park in Brno were monitored in order to verify the effect of the selected maintenance management on their condition. Two experimental habitats were selected in the park according to the type of maintenance, namely mulched grass and mowed with harvesting. The data and results show that mulching has a positive effect on grassland quality. The unsuitable height of mowing in the mowed grass was negatively affected by the appearance and health of the grass area.

The aim of the diploma thesis was to assess the effect off ertilization on floristic changes, production and quality of semi-natural grassland. The experiment was solving on the experimental area Kameničky (Vysočina region) between years 2015 – 2017. The intensity offertilization was evaluated in variants: non-fertilization, P30K60 kg.ha-1, N90P30K60 kg.ha-1, N180P30K60 kg.ha-1 in three cutting system. Agrobotanic groups (grasses, legumes and herbs), share of valuable species, primary forage production and grassland quality with content of organic nutrients were evaluated. Nitrogen fertilization (N180P30K60) had a significant effect on proportion grasses (P<0,05). Legumes and herbs were suppressed by nitrogen (P<0,05). The best share legumes were after doses by P30K60. Nitrogen fertilizationin creased the share of valuable grass species in the grassland (P<0,05), in particular Alopecurus pratensis L., Poa pratensis L. a Festuca rubra agg. Also the dose N90P30K60 increased the share of Bistorta major S. F. Gray. The biggest share Sanguisorba officinalis L. was after fertilization P30K60. The less valuable species were suppressed by fertilization. Fertilization increased the yield of dry matter and green forage (P <0.05). The dose N180P30K60 increased the yield of dry matter by 50% and green forage by 55.7% compared with the non-fertilized variant (P <0.05). Non-fertilized variants had the lowest EGQ quality (31,2), by fertilization increases the quality of the grassland at the expense of species diversity. After the dose N180P30K60, the forage had the highest value NL (158.04 g.kg-1) and WSC (46.48 g.kg-1). The NEL concentration was in the optimal range of 5.34-5.47 MJ.kg-1. All fertilized variants showed a higher crude fiber content in the forage, the most influence the content dose of N180P30K60 (254.31 g.kg-1). Higher value so fash meaned the contamination of forage with soil during a harvest.

The aim of this thesis was to assess and evaluate the species composition of grazing stands in two localities. The aim was also to find out what species in the Beskydy protected landscape area (PLA) dominated, how the species composition of the stand changed with altitude, pedological and climatic conditions. As the quality of grassland, diversity indices changed, there were demonstrable differences between sites and affected grass grazing during the year. Phytosociological imagery using projective dominance was used to compare the species composition of the stand and the Zurich-Montpellier system was used to casify plant communities. For the evaluation of the species composition of the foot stands, the calculation of the mean nitrogen number, mean water number, grassland quality, McNaughton's dominance index, Hill's diversity index, Shannon diversity index, Pielou's equivalence index, qualitative similarity index and statistical evaluation were used. The locality Za Kopcem was dominated by Festuca rubra L. and Festuca pratensis Huds., Dactylis glomerata L. and Trifolium repens L. in the locality Hutisko. The species composition was influenced by environmental conditions, which was also proved by the quality of grassland. The locality Za Kopcem balanced the low to medium diversity index, the Hutisko locality reached a medium diversity index. There were statistically significant differences between sites. Extensive grazing has caused an increase in herbs and the optimal pasture load has increased the incidence of lower grasses.

The diploma thesis is focused on the importance of biocorridors in the landscape. Introduction describes the general characterics of biocorridors and their establishment. Practical work was done in the selected biocorridor in Uhřice u Kroměříže. Monitoring was carried out from 2014 to 2016. Soil properties were compared on arable soil, and after its conversion into forest soil and permanent grassland. Following soil properties were observed: texture, soil reaction, conductivity, humus content and quality, nutrient content, hydrophysical properties, and penetrometric soil resistance. Obtained results showed differences in all studied properties after conversion into forest soil and permanent grassland. Conversion into forest soil suggested the highest differences.

The thesis focuses on monitoring and appraisal of colza vegetation microclimate. Humidity and soil moisture were measured. It was monitored if colza was infested by selected pathogens which are related to humidity and soil moisture. Recorded figures were compared with figures recorded at a standard weather station situated near the monitored rape vegetation. Maps showing vertical stratification of humidity in whole vegetation profile were created. Using regressive analysis equations of relation between humidity in vegetation and at the weather station were created. It was found out that weather influences the pathogen development. It was proved that predication only by "petal test" is inaccurate, so it is good to do it together with the microclimate monitoring.

Diploma thesis deals with ash dieback, caused by fungus pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. This is a summary of the available knowledge in literature concerning the problematic of the disease. Research activities were focused on monitoring of this patogen spread in the area of Moravia and eastern Bohemia, with emphasis on forest-typological diversity of habitats and the percentage of ash in the stands. 434 stands of ash were evaluated and the rate of health condition damage of trees with H. fraxineus presence depending on various factors was investigated. Dependence of damage of health status was not determinated as a function of LVS of Plíva (1987) (forest vegetation altitude stage), edaphic category or ecological range of Plíva (1987) as well as age stage of ash, stocking, other tree species composition, location and year of evaluation. Vice versa factors of damage on nature of ashes sites (SLT according Plíva 1987), mixing type and forest regeneration type were significant.

The main aim of this thesis was to evaluate the methods and intensity of use of grasslands that have an impact on the value of the forage and biomass production. The analysis of the selected four sites with different types of management. They chose two meadows and pastures two, of which one pasture is used in a combined manner.

The influence of beef cattle pasture on the composition of pasture herbage was studied in Šumava region (Kaplice, 550 {--} 850 m a.s.l) from 2005 to 2006. Also was studied the effect of different nanagement of permanent grassland on its composition plantation form and non-producing functions. On the pasture herbage dominated grass and leguminous species. On the fallow land prevailed herb species. On the combined management site (pasture and harvest) was established higher frequency of Taraxacum officinale, Trifolium pratense and Dactylis glomerata

This diploma thesis is focused on research of fertilization effect and the intensity of use on species composition of permanent grassland in the habitat of Kameničky. Factors which were evaluated are these: fertilization intensity (unfertilized, PK, 90N+PK and 180N+PK) and the intensity of use (double-cutting and triple-cutting grassland). The evaluation was carried out in 2013 and 2014. The results show that in grasslands fertilized with nitrogenous fertilizers the proportion of grass increases (P < 0,05) and the proportion of herbs decreases (P < 0,05) in comparison with unfertilized grasslands. At the same time dry forage yield increases (P < 0,05). Grasslands with high production of quality forage, however species-poor are the result of increasing nutrients dose. Unfertilized grassland are species-rich but with the low value of quality grasslands. Double-cutting grasslands had higher average yields than triple-cutting grasslands. However, triple-cutting grasslands had higher values of Hill's diversity index than double-cutting.

Between 2014 and 2015 was monitored the influence of liming and N fertilization on dry matter yield, floristic composition, species diversity and quality semi-natural grassland at the experimental flat Kameničky. The experimental plots were arranged in four repetitions and divided into not limed and limed blocks. For the purposes used liming ground dolomitic limestone. Nitrogen in the form of urea was applied at doses N0, N50, N100. Species composition affected all indicators monitored permanent grassland, while also have an influence on yield formation. Nitrogen fertilization without other nutrients to the experimental flat Kameničky did not manifest into higher yields, higher species diversity and quality of the grassland. N fertilization increased portion of more valuable grasses at the expense of other herbal, but put down (P<0.05) representation intergeneric hybrid Festulolium pabulare. Liming had an impact of plant species which have been adapted to the acidic environment and also not increased yields. In species composition increased (P<0.05) representation Festuca rubra L., Agrostis spp. that have low requirements on nutrients and there were no (P<0.05) Alopecurus pratensis L. and Ranunculus repens L. Liming not caused higher diversity and not caused the quality of grassland.