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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Plantar Measurements to Determine Success of Surgical Correction of Stage IIb Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity

Matheis, Erika 14 December 2012 (has links)
Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity (AAFD) is a progressive disease characterized by mechanical degeneration of the soft tissue structure in the arch of the foot that leads to changes in joint alignment. Surgical intervention commonly via tendon transfer and bony osteotomy is used to restore arch architecture, however there is a lack of quantitative assessments that measure the success of the surgical correction in vivo. Using plantar pressures via Tekscan® HR Mat and surveys (SF-36, FAOS), pre-operative and post-operative measures for six participants were defined, analyzed and compared. A paired t-test showed significant lateral shift for percent body weight during walking postoperativelyin the forefoot and midfoot regions. However, arch index measurement showed no significant change. The FAOS survey score also improved statistically postoperatively. The surgical correction was successful as deemed by some of these quantitative and qualitative measures.
2

Ultrasound Elasticity Imaging of Human Posterior Tibial Tendon

Gao, Liang January 2014 (has links)
Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD) is a common degenerative condition leading to a severe impairment of gait. There is currently no effective method to determine whether a patient with advanced PTTD would benefit from several months of bracing and physical therapy or ultimately require surgery. Tendon degeneration is closely associated with irreversible degradation of its collagen structure, leading to changes to its mechanical properties. If these properties could be monitored in vivo, it could be used to quantify the severity of tendonosis and help determine the appropriate treatment. Ultrasound elasticity imaging (UEI) is a real-time, noninvasive technique to objectively measure mechanical properties in soft tissue. It consists of acquiring a sequence of ultrasound frames and applying speckle tracking to estimate displacement and strain at each pixel. The goals of my dissertation were to 1) use acoustic simulations to investigate the performance of UEI during tendon deformation with different geometries; 2) develop and validate UEI as a potentially noninvasive technique for quantifying tendon mechanical properties in human cadaver experiments; 3) design a platform for UEI to measure mechanical properties of the PTT in vivo and determine whether there are detectable and quantifiable differences between healthy and diseased tendons. First, ultrasound simulations of tendon deformation were performed using an acoustic modeling program. The effects of different tendon geometries (cylinder and curved cylinder) on the performance of UEI were investigated. Modeling results indicated that UEI accurately estimated the strain in the cylinder geometry, but underestimated in the curved cylinder. The simulation also predicted that the out-of-the-plane motion of the PTT would cause a non-uniform strain pattern within incompressible homogeneous isotropic material. However, to average within a small region of interest determined by principal component analysis (PCA) would improve the estimation. Next, UEI was performed on five human cadaver feet mounted in a materials testing system (MTS) while the PTT was attached to a force actuator. A portable ultrasound scanner collected 2D data during loading cycles. Young's modulus was calculated from the strain, loading force and cross sectional area of the PTT. Average Young's modulus for the five tendons was (0.45±0.16GPa) using UEI. This was consistent with simultaneous measurements made by the MTS across the whole tendon (0.52±0.18GPa). We also calculated the scaling factor (0.12±0.01) between the load on the PTT and the inversion force at the forefoot, a measurable quantity in vivo. This study suggests that UEI could be a reliable in vivo technique for estimating the mechanical properties of the human PTT. Finally, we built a custom ankle inversion platform for in vivo imaging of human subjects (eight healthy volunteers and nine advanced PTTD patients). We found non-linear elastic properties of the PTTD, which could be quantified by the slope between the elastic modulus (E) and the inversion force (F). This slope (ΔE/ΔF), or Non-linear Elasticity Parameter (NEP), was significantly different for the two groups: 0.16±0.20 MPa/N for healthy tendons and 0.45±0.43 MPa/N for PTTD tendons. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve revealed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.83±0.07, which indicated that the classifier system is valid. In summary, the acoustic modeling, cadaveric studies, and in vivo experiments together demonstrated that UEI accurately quantifies tendon mechanical properties. As a valuable clinical tool, UEI also has the potential to help guide treatment decisions for advanced PTTD and other tendinopathies.
3

A relação de discrepância no cumprimento dos membros inferiores com a disfunção do tendão fibrial posterior

Sanhudo, José Antônio Veiga January 2012 (has links)
Introdução: A discrepância no comprimento dos membros inferiores (DCMI) está associada a alterações biomecânicas na marcha e a uma grande variedade de desordens ortopédicas, que incluem uma possível sobrecarga do tendão tibial posterior. Neste sentido, hipotetizamos que há associação entre a presença de DCMI e disfunção do TTP. Objetivo: O presente estudo foi realizado para comparar a frequência e a magnitude de DCMI em um grupo com e outro sem disfunção do tendão tibial posterior (DTTP), bem como para relacionar características clínicas com a presença da doença. Modelo do estudo: Estudo caso-controle. Método: O estudo envolveu 118 pacientes com diagnóstico de DTTP atendidos entre janeiro de 2009 e setembro de 2012 e 118 voluntários controles pareados por gênero e raça. Através de escanometria radiográfica ou tomográfica, a frequência da DCMI, assim como a média da DCMI absoluta e a média da DCMI relativa foram comparadas entre os dois grupos. Resultados: A prevalência da DCMI e as médias da DCMI absoluta e da DCMI relativa foram significativamente maiores no grupo de casos (94,9%, 5,64 mm e 7,36% respectivamente) do que no grupo controle (79,7%, 3,28 mm e 4,18% respectivamente) (p<0.001). Conclusões: Os resultados deste estudo demonstram haver uma relação entre a DCMI e a presença de DTTP. Devido a importantes alterações biomecânicas geradas pela DCMI, esta é possivelmente um fator predisponente para o desenvolvimento da DTTP. / Background: Leg length discrepancy (LLD) is associated with a variety of orthopedic disorders and biomechanical gait changes that involve possible overload of the posterior tibial tendon (PTT). In view of the biomechanical disturbances induced by LLD, an association may exist between LLD and PTT dysfunction (PTTD). Purpose: To compare the frequency and magnitude of LLD between subjects with and without PTTD and ascertain whether associations exist between clinical features and presence of dysfunction. Study design: Casecontrol study. Methods: A total of 118 patients with a diagnosis of PTTD were seen between January 2009 and September 2012 and compared to 118 sex- and race-matched volunteers. The frequency of LLD, the mean absolute LLD and the mean relative LLD were measured by conventional (radiographic) or CT scanography and compared between cases and controls. Results: The prevalence of LLD and mean absolute and relative LLD values were significantly greater in the case group (94.9%, 5.64 mm and 7.36% respectively) than in the control group (79.7%, 3.28 mm and 4.18% respectively) (p<0.001). Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate a relationship between LLD and PTTD. In light of the major biomechanical changes it induces, LLD may be a predisposing factor for development of PTTD.
4

A relação de discrepância no cumprimento dos membros inferiores com a disfunção do tendão fibrial posterior

Sanhudo, José Antônio Veiga January 2012 (has links)
Introdução: A discrepância no comprimento dos membros inferiores (DCMI) está associada a alterações biomecânicas na marcha e a uma grande variedade de desordens ortopédicas, que incluem uma possível sobrecarga do tendão tibial posterior. Neste sentido, hipotetizamos que há associação entre a presença de DCMI e disfunção do TTP. Objetivo: O presente estudo foi realizado para comparar a frequência e a magnitude de DCMI em um grupo com e outro sem disfunção do tendão tibial posterior (DTTP), bem como para relacionar características clínicas com a presença da doença. Modelo do estudo: Estudo caso-controle. Método: O estudo envolveu 118 pacientes com diagnóstico de DTTP atendidos entre janeiro de 2009 e setembro de 2012 e 118 voluntários controles pareados por gênero e raça. Através de escanometria radiográfica ou tomográfica, a frequência da DCMI, assim como a média da DCMI absoluta e a média da DCMI relativa foram comparadas entre os dois grupos. Resultados: A prevalência da DCMI e as médias da DCMI absoluta e da DCMI relativa foram significativamente maiores no grupo de casos (94,9%, 5,64 mm e 7,36% respectivamente) do que no grupo controle (79,7%, 3,28 mm e 4,18% respectivamente) (p<0.001). Conclusões: Os resultados deste estudo demonstram haver uma relação entre a DCMI e a presença de DTTP. Devido a importantes alterações biomecânicas geradas pela DCMI, esta é possivelmente um fator predisponente para o desenvolvimento da DTTP. / Background: Leg length discrepancy (LLD) is associated with a variety of orthopedic disorders and biomechanical gait changes that involve possible overload of the posterior tibial tendon (PTT). In view of the biomechanical disturbances induced by LLD, an association may exist between LLD and PTT dysfunction (PTTD). Purpose: To compare the frequency and magnitude of LLD between subjects with and without PTTD and ascertain whether associations exist between clinical features and presence of dysfunction. Study design: Casecontrol study. Methods: A total of 118 patients with a diagnosis of PTTD were seen between January 2009 and September 2012 and compared to 118 sex- and race-matched volunteers. The frequency of LLD, the mean absolute LLD and the mean relative LLD were measured by conventional (radiographic) or CT scanography and compared between cases and controls. Results: The prevalence of LLD and mean absolute and relative LLD values were significantly greater in the case group (94.9%, 5.64 mm and 7.36% respectively) than in the control group (79.7%, 3.28 mm and 4.18% respectively) (p<0.001). Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate a relationship between LLD and PTTD. In light of the major biomechanical changes it induces, LLD may be a predisposing factor for development of PTTD.
5

A relação de discrepância no cumprimento dos membros inferiores com a disfunção do tendão fibrial posterior

Sanhudo, José Antônio Veiga January 2012 (has links)
Introdução: A discrepância no comprimento dos membros inferiores (DCMI) está associada a alterações biomecânicas na marcha e a uma grande variedade de desordens ortopédicas, que incluem uma possível sobrecarga do tendão tibial posterior. Neste sentido, hipotetizamos que há associação entre a presença de DCMI e disfunção do TTP. Objetivo: O presente estudo foi realizado para comparar a frequência e a magnitude de DCMI em um grupo com e outro sem disfunção do tendão tibial posterior (DTTP), bem como para relacionar características clínicas com a presença da doença. Modelo do estudo: Estudo caso-controle. Método: O estudo envolveu 118 pacientes com diagnóstico de DTTP atendidos entre janeiro de 2009 e setembro de 2012 e 118 voluntários controles pareados por gênero e raça. Através de escanometria radiográfica ou tomográfica, a frequência da DCMI, assim como a média da DCMI absoluta e a média da DCMI relativa foram comparadas entre os dois grupos. Resultados: A prevalência da DCMI e as médias da DCMI absoluta e da DCMI relativa foram significativamente maiores no grupo de casos (94,9%, 5,64 mm e 7,36% respectivamente) do que no grupo controle (79,7%, 3,28 mm e 4,18% respectivamente) (p<0.001). Conclusões: Os resultados deste estudo demonstram haver uma relação entre a DCMI e a presença de DTTP. Devido a importantes alterações biomecânicas geradas pela DCMI, esta é possivelmente um fator predisponente para o desenvolvimento da DTTP. / Background: Leg length discrepancy (LLD) is associated with a variety of orthopedic disorders and biomechanical gait changes that involve possible overload of the posterior tibial tendon (PTT). In view of the biomechanical disturbances induced by LLD, an association may exist between LLD and PTT dysfunction (PTTD). Purpose: To compare the frequency and magnitude of LLD between subjects with and without PTTD and ascertain whether associations exist between clinical features and presence of dysfunction. Study design: Casecontrol study. Methods: A total of 118 patients with a diagnosis of PTTD were seen between January 2009 and September 2012 and compared to 118 sex- and race-matched volunteers. The frequency of LLD, the mean absolute LLD and the mean relative LLD were measured by conventional (radiographic) or CT scanography and compared between cases and controls. Results: The prevalence of LLD and mean absolute and relative LLD values were significantly greater in the case group (94.9%, 5.64 mm and 7.36% respectively) than in the control group (79.7%, 3.28 mm and 4.18% respectively) (p<0.001). Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate a relationship between LLD and PTTD. In light of the major biomechanical changes it induces, LLD may be a predisposing factor for development of PTTD.
6

Análise de polimorfismos nos receptores de estrogênio alfa e beta em mulheres pós-menopáusicas com tendinopatia do tendão do músculo tibial posterior / Polymorphisms of alpha and beta estrogen receptors in post-menopausal women with posterior tibial tendon dysfunction

Pontin, Pedro Augusto 15 February 2017 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: A disfunção do tendão tibial posterior (DTTP), principal causa de pé plano adquirido no adulto, é mais frequente em indivíduos do gênero feminino e apresenta pico de incidência na sexta década de vida. Diversos fatores de risco - intrínsecos e extrínsecos - e condições sistêmicas associadas são descritas na literatura. A predisposição genética resultante da maior expressão de genes relacionados ao metabolismo hormonal, principalmente do estrogênio, pode desempenhar influência na fisiopatogenia dessa lesão em associação aos fatores comportamentais e endógenos. OBJETIVO: Analisar a frequência de polimorfismos nos genes dos receptores de estrogênio (RE) dos tipos alfa (RE1) e beta (RE2), em pacientes na pós-menopausa com diagnóstico de tendinopatia do tendão do músculo tibial posterior e em pacientes assintomáticas. CASUÍSTICAS e MÉTODOS: Foram incluídas 202 pacientes do gênero feminino (N=202), com idade superior a 40 anos, divididas em 2 grupos (n=101), de casos e controles. Foram definidos como casos pacientes na pós-menopausa com diagnóstico de DTTP, realizado por meio dos exames clínico e de imagem (RM), e, como controles, pacientes com as mesmas características epidemiológicas, assintomáticas, que apresentavam exames clínico e de imagem normais para a avaliação do tendão tibial posterior. Células epiteliais da mucosa bucal das pacientes incluídas no estudo foram coletadas por meio de bochecho com solução glicosada para extração e análise do RESULTADOS: Pacientes portadoras do genótipo xx do SNP XbaI apresentaram risco estimado 2,38 vezes maior (p = 0,029) de desenvolver a DTTP quando comparadas às portadoras dos genótipos selvagem ou heterozigoto. Já a distribuição dos genótipos dos SNP PvuII e AluI não apresentou associação com o desenvolvimento da doença. ADN genômico. Os SNP dos genes dos RE1 (XbaI e PvuII) e RE2 (AluI) foram avaliados com base em PCR-RFLP. CONCLUSÃO: O presente estudo demonstra que pacientes com polimorfismo XbaI do RE1 apresentam maior risco de desenvolvimento da disfunção do tendão tibial posterior / INTRODUCTION: Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD), the most common cause of flatfoot deformity in adults, is more frequent in the female gender with peak incidence in the sixth decade of life. Multiple risk factors - intrinsic and extrinsic - and associated systemic conditions have been described in the literature. Genetic predisposition secondary to hyperexpression of genes related to hormonal metabolism, particularly the estrogens, may play a role in the pathogenesis of this disease acting in association with behavioral and endogenous risk factors. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the frequency of polymorphisms of the estrogen receptors (ER) alpha (ER1) and beta (ER2) in postmenopausal women with PTTD when compared to asymptomatic control patients. METHODS: 202 female patients over the age of 40 were included in the study (N = 202). They were then divided into 2 different groups (n = 101): cases and controls. We defined as cases postmenopausal women with symptomatic PTTD, diagnosed by clinical and MRI examinations. Females with similar epidemiology, but clinically asymptomatic and with normal MRI evaluation for the posterior tibial tendon were defined as controls. Oral mucosa epithelial cells were collected from the patients and genomic DNA was extracted from the samples. The SNPs for the ER1 (XbaI and PvuII) and ER2 (AluI) genes were assessed by PCR-RFLP. RESULTS: Patients with SNP Xbal genotype xx had 2.38 higher estimated risk (p = 0,029) in developing PTTD, when compared to patients with the other genotypes. No associations were found for the SNP PvuII and AluI. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates that patients with the Xbal single nucleotide polymorphism of estrogen receptor 1 gene have higher risk of developing posterior tibial tendon dysfunction
7

Análise de polimorfismos nos receptores de estrogênio alfa e beta em mulheres pós-menopáusicas com tendinopatia do tendão do músculo tibial posterior / Polymorphisms of alpha and beta estrogen receptors in post-menopausal women with posterior tibial tendon dysfunction

Pedro Augusto Pontin 15 February 2017 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: A disfunção do tendão tibial posterior (DTTP), principal causa de pé plano adquirido no adulto, é mais frequente em indivíduos do gênero feminino e apresenta pico de incidência na sexta década de vida. Diversos fatores de risco - intrínsecos e extrínsecos - e condições sistêmicas associadas são descritas na literatura. A predisposição genética resultante da maior expressão de genes relacionados ao metabolismo hormonal, principalmente do estrogênio, pode desempenhar influência na fisiopatogenia dessa lesão em associação aos fatores comportamentais e endógenos. OBJETIVO: Analisar a frequência de polimorfismos nos genes dos receptores de estrogênio (RE) dos tipos alfa (RE1) e beta (RE2), em pacientes na pós-menopausa com diagnóstico de tendinopatia do tendão do músculo tibial posterior e em pacientes assintomáticas. CASUÍSTICAS e MÉTODOS: Foram incluídas 202 pacientes do gênero feminino (N=202), com idade superior a 40 anos, divididas em 2 grupos (n=101), de casos e controles. Foram definidos como casos pacientes na pós-menopausa com diagnóstico de DTTP, realizado por meio dos exames clínico e de imagem (RM), e, como controles, pacientes com as mesmas características epidemiológicas, assintomáticas, que apresentavam exames clínico e de imagem normais para a avaliação do tendão tibial posterior. Células epiteliais da mucosa bucal das pacientes incluídas no estudo foram coletadas por meio de bochecho com solução glicosada para extração e análise do RESULTADOS: Pacientes portadoras do genótipo xx do SNP XbaI apresentaram risco estimado 2,38 vezes maior (p = 0,029) de desenvolver a DTTP quando comparadas às portadoras dos genótipos selvagem ou heterozigoto. Já a distribuição dos genótipos dos SNP PvuII e AluI não apresentou associação com o desenvolvimento da doença. ADN genômico. Os SNP dos genes dos RE1 (XbaI e PvuII) e RE2 (AluI) foram avaliados com base em PCR-RFLP. CONCLUSÃO: O presente estudo demonstra que pacientes com polimorfismo XbaI do RE1 apresentam maior risco de desenvolvimento da disfunção do tendão tibial posterior / INTRODUCTION: Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD), the most common cause of flatfoot deformity in adults, is more frequent in the female gender with peak incidence in the sixth decade of life. Multiple risk factors - intrinsic and extrinsic - and associated systemic conditions have been described in the literature. Genetic predisposition secondary to hyperexpression of genes related to hormonal metabolism, particularly the estrogens, may play a role in the pathogenesis of this disease acting in association with behavioral and endogenous risk factors. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the frequency of polymorphisms of the estrogen receptors (ER) alpha (ER1) and beta (ER2) in postmenopausal women with PTTD when compared to asymptomatic control patients. METHODS: 202 female patients over the age of 40 were included in the study (N = 202). They were then divided into 2 different groups (n = 101): cases and controls. We defined as cases postmenopausal women with symptomatic PTTD, diagnosed by clinical and MRI examinations. Females with similar epidemiology, but clinically asymptomatic and with normal MRI evaluation for the posterior tibial tendon were defined as controls. Oral mucosa epithelial cells were collected from the patients and genomic DNA was extracted from the samples. The SNPs for the ER1 (XbaI and PvuII) and ER2 (AluI) genes were assessed by PCR-RFLP. RESULTS: Patients with SNP Xbal genotype xx had 2.38 higher estimated risk (p = 0,029) in developing PTTD, when compared to patients with the other genotypes. No associations were found for the SNP PvuII and AluI. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates that patients with the Xbal single nucleotide polymorphism of estrogen receptor 1 gene have higher risk of developing posterior tibial tendon dysfunction

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