Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Clinical Nursing, 2005. / Title from t.p. of source document (viewed Apr. 2, 2007). "April 2005." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 208-221). Also available in print version.

Thesis (M Nursing)--Montana State University--Bozeman, 2010. / Typescript. Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Kathleen Schachman. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 65-69).

The purpose of this study was to explore the experience of postpartum depression and to generate a substantive theory that would describe and explain this experience. Although the area of postpartum depression has been extensively researched in the past three decades the overwhelming majority of studies have employed quantitative research methods. These methods do not illuminate the experience from the women's point of view and they disregard the context within which the experience occurs. This study employed the Grounded Theory Method, a naturalistic-inductive method o f inquiry, that allowed for the participants' experience to be described and for a substantive theory to emerge, which is grounded in the data. Sixteen women (age range 27 to 42 years) were interviewed twice about their experience of depression following childbirth. The first interview focused on the women's experience of depression, while the second interview centred on the women's comments and suggestions regarding the researcher's thematic summaries of their interviews. A semi-structured interview guide was used during both interviews, which allowed for variations to emerge while a unified framework was maintained. The grounded theory analysis of the data led to the development of a substantive theory describing and explaining the social-psychological process of the experience of postpartum depression. The theoretical model that describes and explains the experience has six phases: (1) Becoming Lost, (2) Getting Trapped, (3) Deep in Depression, (4) Struggling to Break Out, (5) Breaking out, and (6) Staying Well. In addition, two recurrent themes were identified: (a) The Relationship with the Partner, and (b) A Redefined Self. The theoretical model illustrates the relationship among the different phases, as well as the properties that make the phases up. It also describes the types, circumstances and conditions under which the experience occurs. Most of the components of the theoretical model are supported by the literature on postpartum depression. However, the model adds to the literature in identifying specific parts of the process of postpartum depression such as the period leading to the onset of depression, the struggle to come out of the depression and women's agency in coming out of the depression and maintaining their wellness following recovery. As well, the study illuminated the changes in the relationship with the partner, and the process of redefining self through the experience of PPD. Finally, the implications for further research and practice that stem from the theoretical model that was developed are discussed. / Education, Faculty of / Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of / Graduate

Men as well as women are affected by the life-changing events of pregnancy and childbirth. The nature of fatherhood and the role of the male in the birthing process have undergone significant changes in the past several decades. While this phenomenon has been well-documented regarding the changes a father experiences during a healthy pregnancy and birth, there is little research that addresses the implications for the man when his spouse or partner is diagnosed with postpartum depression. Approximately 10 to 20% of birth mothers are affected by some form of this disorder (Greenberg & Springen, 2001). The literature on this topic has grown steadily in an effort to better understand the reasons and implications of such a diagnosis for a woman. This researcher's intent was to identify the perspectives of men whose spouses or partners were diagnosed with postpartum depression. Understanding this situation from their perspectives can represent information regarding the effects of postpartum depression on the interpersonal relationship and, secondarily, the family unit. In particular, relationship strains between the men and their spouses or partners and the impact on the adjustment to having an infant to care for were explored. Medical records were reviewed in a medical practice for significant scores on the mother's Edinburgh Postnatal Screening Scale. After a series of elimination steps, seven men were identified and willing to participate in the research. In an hour-long interview, the men discussed their experience with their spouse/partner's postpartum depression. Field notes were taken before, during and immediately following the interviews to add clarification, using nonverbal responses to the setting and interview questions. The transcripts of the interviews were coded to identify common categories, which in turn generated themes of emotional deregulation, seeking normalcy, understanding self, and disappointment. Anger was noted by the seven men as a response on several levels to the postpartum depression. In addition to anger, frustration was expereinced with the lack of information received and the lack of response from the medical community as a whole. Several of the men reported surprise at their previous emotions resurfacing so readily when answering the interview questions. / Ph. D.

Thesis (D.N.S.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / This study examined the effect that maternal post partum depressive affect had on an infant's affective development at three months of age. A sample of 26 mother-infant pairs, 13 with maternal depressive symptomatology and 13 with no depressive symptomatology were compared for differences in infant affective regulation and affective responses during an age appropriate stressful interaction - the still-face interaction. The implications of this data and the potential complexity of the relationship between maternal depressive affect and infant coping behavior are discussed. Recommendations for further propective research are proposed. [TRUNCATED] / 2999-01-01

Thesis (Ph. D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Decker School of Nursing, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references.

Postpartum depression (PPD) är ett begrepp som används vid depressioner upp till ett år efter förlossningen. Syftet med studien var att beskriva mödrars upplevelse av PPD. Examensarbetet är en litteraturstudie med deskriptiv design. De 15 kvalitativa vetenskapliga artiklarna som ligger till grund för resultatet är hämtade ur databaserna PubMed samt CINAHL. Känslor vid PPD kan förklaras i termer av lidande, förluster och förändringar. Många drabbade var rädda att anses som olämpliga mödrar. De betraktade sig vara fångade i klyftan mellan verkligheten och förväntningarna. Mödrarna anklagade sig själva då dessa inte uppfylldes. Upplevelse av ensamhet var vanligt samt att de inte visste var och till vem de skulle vända sig för att få hjälp. Förtroendet för sjuksköterskan är viktigt för att modern ska våga söka hjälp. Flera kvinnor upplevde ångest och beskrev att känslorna för barnet varierade mellan kärlek och hat. En del kvinnor såg ingen annan utväg än självmord och/eller barnamord, tankar som dessa uppkom särskilt i samband med att ångesten blev för övermäktig att hantera. Det är viktigt att förstå komplexiteten av PPD eftersom symptomen tenderar att hållas dolda. Ett lidande då förväntningarna inte uppfylldes tog sig uttryck i form av känslor av misslyckanden och att känna sig som en oduglig mor. / Postpartum depression (PPD) is a term used for depression up to one year after childbirth. The aim with the study was to describe mothers' experience of PPD. The thesis is a literature review with a descriptive design. The 15 qualitative scientific articles that form the basis of the results are taken from PubMed and CINAHL. Emotions from PPD can be explained in terms of suffering, losses and changes. Many affected were afraid to be regarded as unfit mothers. They considered themselves to be trapped in the gap between reality and expectations. Mothers accused themselves when expectations were not met. Experiences of loneliness were common and they did not know where and who to turn to for help. The mother’s confidence for the nurses was important to dare to seek help. Several women experienced anxiety and described that the feelings for the child varied between love and hate. Some women saw no alternative but suicide and / or infanticide, these thoughts arose particularly in connection with when anxiety became too overwhelming to handle. It is important to understand the complexity of PPD as the symptoms tend to be kept hidden. Suffering when expectations were not met was expressed in form of feelings of failure and feeling like a unfit mother

Bakgrund:  Postpartum depression (PPD) är ett tillstånd som kan uppkomma hos nyblivna mödrar, där mer än en av tio kvinnor drabbas. Olika typer av symtom kan uppstå som exempelvis skuldkänslor i sin föräldrarroll, sänkt stämningsläge och en känsla av hopplöshet inför sin livssituation. Uppkomsten av PPD är multifaktoriell men de psykosociala faktorerna är av hög signifikans och bör uppmärksammas mer än det görs idag. Trots att PPD har fått ett ökat intresse sedan 1990-talet existerar en stigmatisering gällande diagnosen. Att drabbas av PPD kan innebära stora påfrestningar på modern, på grund av detta är det av stor vikt att sjuksköterskor i sitt omvårdnadsarbete utgår ifrån ett personcentrerat perspektiv.  Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt var att belysa kvinnors upplevelse av omvårdnad vid postpartum depression.  Metod: En litteraturöversikt har genomförts. Tio artiklar har granskats och analyserats och sammanställts i resultatet. Sökningar utfördes i databaserna Cinahl Complete och PsycINFO.  Resultat: Tre huvudteman kunde urskiljas: Hinder till att söka vård, brist på information och vårdrelationens betydelse. Många kvinnor som drabbats av PPD upplevde en rädsla över samhällets eventuella åsikter beträffande deras moderskap samt att msslyckas som mödrar.  resultatet framkom olka hinder till varför kvinnor som drabbas av PPD inte uppsökt vård. Dessa hinder grundade sig bland annat i en bristande relation till sjuksköterskan och en rädsla för att uppfattas som svaga.  Diskussion: Ett flertal kvinnor önskade en bättre kommunikation och ett bättre bemötande från vården samt utökad information om diagnosen PPD och dess symtom. Sjuksköterskor i sitt omvårdnadsarbete bör utgå ifrån ett personcentrerat perspektiv för att kunna bemöta den enskilda kvinnans behov. Resultatet diskuteras ur teoretikern Phil Barkers tidvattenmodell.

published_or_final_version / Nursing Studies / Master / Master of Nursing

Postpartum depression is recognized as an important maternal and child health issue. Postpartum depression is the most common perinatal psychiatric disorder and one of the most common complications of childbirth. Studies show prevalence rates in women ranging from 10% to 25%. Postpartum depression affects the emotional wellbeing of mothers, infant behavior, mother-infant bonding, and marital relationships. However, the majority of women who experience postpartum depression do not seek care. The purpose of this analysis is to examine the demographic differences between women in Georgia who report symptoms of postpartum depression but do not seek care, versus women who report postpartum depression symptoms and seek care. Approximately 15% of respondents in this study reported postpartum depression. Of these women, approximately 80% did not seek care for their symptoms. This analysis found that women with the following characteristics were more likely to not seek care for depression: non-White and Hispanic women; women that were uninsured before their pregnancy; women that had their prenatal care paid for by Medicaid or the Military; and women who did not seek care for depression during their pregnancy. The results of this study may help to guide the implementation of public health interventions among postpartum women in Georgia.