This diploma thesis describes the Bornhuetter-Ferguson method, which is used to calculate the IBNR reserve. It is divided into deterministic and stochastic parts. The deterministic part deals with the derivation of development pattern and ultimate loss amount, which are needed to calculate the reserve. The stochastic part deals with reserve estimation error and prediction error. The calculation results of the reserve estimate and its error are compared with the results of the chain ladder method. The last chapter deals with the problematic areas of the described method.

This thesis assesses the usefulness of confidence indicators for short term forecasting of the economic activity in the Czech Republic. The predictive power of both the business confidence indicator and the customer confidence indicator is examined using two empirical approaches. First we predict the likelihood of economic downturn defined as a discrete event using logit models, later we estimate GDP growth out of sample forecasts in the framework of vector autoregression models. The results obtained from the downturn probability models confirm the ability of confidence indicators (especially the business confidence indicator) to estimate the current economic situation and to anticipate economic downturn one quarter ahead. Results from the out-of-sample GDP growth value forecasting are ambiguous. Nevertheless the customer confidence indicator significantly improved original forecasts based on a model with standard macroeconomic variables and therefore we conclude in favour of its predictive power. This result was indirectly confirmed by OECD as the Czech customer confidence indicator has been included as a new component in the OECD domestic composite leading indicator since April 2012.

The topic of this master´s thesis is development of system for configuration of fire truck. The design of the fire truck is based on legislative requirements, future incidents and on a character of landscape. The first part contains these requirements. How to process current incidents and how to predict future incidents is described in the next chapter. For prediction of future incidents are used neural networks are detailed in the third part of the thesis. Implementation of the three selected neural network from previous part for Windows platform is in the fourth part of the thesis. Last part of the thesis is testing several configurations of neural network and the one with the best result is implemented in application which is the main outcome of the thesis.

Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and its tumour-derived circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) fraction are considered an innovative prognostic and predictive biomarker in oncological diagnostics. Many studies have demonstrated higher levels of cfDNA concentration and integrity, as an indicator of the amount of ctDNA in cfDNA, in body fluids from patients with cancer diseases in comparison with healthy individuals, which suggest its potential as an effective biomarker for monitoring of the tumour dynamics. This study focused on optimisation and validation of measurement methods later used for analysis of cfDNA concentration and integrity in blood samples from patients with four different solid cancers. Two different commercial isolation kits have been tested in plasma and serum samples. Quantitative real-time polymerase reaction (qPCR) and PicoGreen dsDNA assay were optimized to effectively quantify low concentrations of cfDNA, subsequently compared to each other and to droplet digital PCR assay tested on selected samples. The concentration and integrity of cfDNA from plasma samples of breast, ovarian, colorectal and pancreatic cancer patients were evaluated. Higher amounts of cfDNA were obtained by the QIAamp Circulating Nucleic Acid isolation kit (Qiagen) in comparison to Plasma/Serum Cell-Free...

This diploma thesis deals with the analysis of mortgage loans in Czech republic in the years 2002 -- 2012. The main objective of this thesis is identification of factors, which influence the volume of mortgage loans. Another objective is to evaluate the development of mortgage loans and loans from building savings and their comparison. The practical part deals with the identification of factors, regression analysis and the influence of various factors on the volume of mortgage loans.

This diploma thesis is focused on identification of factors affecting turnovers of selected construction companies in Zlín district. The analyses used for determination of these influences are: building industry analysis, financial analysis and most of all econometric analysis. First, a survey on the building industry in the Czech Republic will be obtained, and then a survey on the financial situation of individual companies. The main aim of this thesis will be a construction of appropriate econometric models for each company. Furthermore, through the statistic tests it will be verified whether these models meet all the classical assumptions of regression model. In case of any of the assumptions being disproved a correction will be proposed. Then the collective factors affecting the turnovers of construction companies will be identified. By analysing the time series a model of the evolution of their turnovers in 2000-2012 will be made, with subsequent prediction of future values.

This thesis deals with the introduction of alternative propulsion vehicles in a medium-sized enterprise. The starting point of the work is time series of fuel prices modelation: CNG gas, Natural 95 and Diesel during the years 2008--2013 and a two-year prediction of the prices, including the estimation of the uncertainty associated with the development of prices. The prediction is then used in simulations to estimate the probable development and effect of investments. The result of this thesis is formulated in a general methodology for the possible purchase of new cars in the midmarket and practical applications to mid-sized company MIKROP ČEBÍN a.s.

This thesis focuses on the use of statistical methods for HR forecasting. To estimate the future needs of the workers are used three methods - graphical analysis, trend analysis and regression analysis. At first the selected company is characterized. Then is analyzed internal and external environment and the necessary employee data are identified. Then the number of employees is through these statistical methods predicted. Finally, these methods are compared and evaluated in terms of their practical use in enterprises.

This diploma thesis deals with bayesian techniques of economic time series analysis and contains two parts. In the first part the monetary transmission mechanisms of the Czech Republic, Germany and Cyprus are analysed using the bayesian vector autoregressive model with time-varying parameters and stochastic volatility. The second part evaluates the predictive performance of bayesian vector autoregressive models with different priors when predicting selected macroeconomic variables of the above-mentioned countries. In the second part combinations of predictions and their evaluation are also conducted.

The topic of this thesis is utilization of three types of modern regression methods (linear mixed effects model, generalized additive model and classification and regression trees) to model height-diameter relationship. Results revealed that all three regression methods can be, under certain conditions, applicable as an alternative approach for height-diameter relationship modeling. The mixed effects model performed best, when random effects of the intercept and regression coefficient were taken into account along with the age as a second order predictor (or its natural logarithm). The generalized additive model performed best when LOESS smoothing function was applied. The regression tree method prediction was optimal when diameter at breast height, mean height, age of a forest stand and site index were included to the model as predictors.