Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:59:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao .pdf: 553918 bytes, checksum: 24d7e3a64d31a63aff789f427a3ba5fe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-05-11 / We observe in the contemporary novel an increasing lack of narration naturalness that implies in the multiplication of points of view and as a consequence in the narrator s presence inconstancy. Patrícia Melo s novel, O Matador, also shows the instability of this point of view because although the narration is done in first person by the protagonist it doesn t guarantee the constant narrator s presence in the storytelling. This mix between literary and non-literary procedures directly interferes in the narrator s authority because at the time of oral narration the narrator based his story on experience, but currently bases his authority on presentiveness , according to contemporary demand that privileges simultaneity. In this novel the strategies used to obtain presentification of the storytelling have a double consequence: on the one hand they give legitimacy to the facts since they seem to renounce to the narrator s presence and on the other hand they eliminate the protagonist-narrator s traces since at times he behaves as a spectator. Ultimately, the study of this narrator who often oscillates between leaving and eliminating traces, behaving as an observer of the roles played by himself, questions and at the same time reinvents the representation apparatus using the different presentification strategies like advertisements, TV news, newspapers, lack of marks in the change in voice in the dialogues, etc. This attitude will set a fast pace to the story and the apparent lack of mediation will contribute to strengthening a pact with the reader. Therefore in O Matador we observe the dramatization of the loss in the naturalness of telling a story through discourse / Observamos no romance contemporâneo uma acentuada perda da naturalidade de narrar, que redunda na multiplicação dos pontos de vista e, conseqüentemente, na inconstância da presença do narrador. O romance O Matador, de Patrícia Melo também apresenta essa instabilidade de ponto de vista, pois apesar da narração ser feita em primeira pessoa, pelo protagonista, isso não assegura presença constante do narrador na condução do relato. A mescla de procedimentos literários e não-literários interfere diretamente na autoridade desse narrador, pois se na época das narrativas orais, o narrador respaldava seu relato na experiência, atualmente, ele ancora sua autoridade na presentidade, mais de acordo com a demanda contemporânea, que privilegia a simultaneidade. Neste romance, as estratégias utilizadas visando à presentificação do relato têm dupla conseqüência: de um lado conferem legitimidade aos fatos, uma vez que parecem prescindir do narrador e, de outro, apagam as marcas do narrador-protagonista, já que este se comporta, por vezes, como um espectador. O estudo deste narrador, que oscila entre deixar e apagar marcas, comportando-se como observador dos fatos que protagonizou, acaba questionando e, ao mesmo tempo, reinventando os aparatos de representação por meio de diferentes estratégias de presenticação tais como: propagandas, noticiários de TV e de jornal, ausência de marcação de mudança de voz nos diálogos, etc. Essa atitude imprimirá um ritmo veloz ao relato e a aparente ausência de mediação contribuirá para o fortalecimento do pacto com o leitor. Por isso, em O Matador observamos a dramatização da perda da naturalidade de narrar por meio do discurso

L’objet de ce mémoire est de s’interroger sur la co-construction et la négociation de l’identité organisationnelle par la parole dans les interactions quotidiennes. Cette étude a été menée sur une organisation du monde de l’humanitaire, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) et plus précisément sur une mission réalisée dans la région du Nord- Kivu en République Démocratique du Congo. Les données ont été collectées en employant la méthode du vidéo shadowing, encore appelée vidéo filature, une approche consistant à suivre et filmer des acteurs dans leurs interactions du quotidien, et particulièrement, dans notre cas, le chef de mission. La méthodologie utilisée pour analyser les enregistrements vidéo a, par la suite, été inspirée de l’analyse de conversation et de l’ethnométhodologie. Les concepts phares sur lesquels se base cette recherche sont la « ventriloquie » et la « présentification », deux concepts en communication organisationnelle développés par François Cooren de l’École de Montréal. Plus précisément, nous nous sommes attachés à montrer comment les acteurs de MSF cultivent l’identité et l’image de leur organisation à travers des « conversations identitaires». Nous avons ainsi pu observer et analyser comment les acteurs de l’organisation agissent par le biais de la parole pour construire et établir l’identité de leur organisation, et à travers cela, leur propre identité. / The purpose of this thesis is to examine the co-construction and the negotiation of organizational identity through speech in everyday interactions. This study focused on a humanitarian organization, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), and more specifically on a mission carried out in the North-Kivu in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Data were collected by using shadowing, that is, by filming MSF actors in their daily interactions, particularly in our case, a head of mission. These data were analyzed, in turn, by using conversation analysis. The methodology used to analyze the video recordings was inspired by conversation analysis and ethnomethodology. The key concepts of this research are « ventriloquism » and « presentification », both developed by François Cooren of the Montreal School of Organizational Communication. Specifically, our analyses show how MSF actors cultivate the identity and image of their organization through « identity conversations ». In other words, it is through these conversations that MSF actors construct and establish the identity of their organization, as well as their own identity.

L’objet de ce mémoire est de s’interroger sur la co-construction et la négociation de l’identité organisationnelle par la parole dans les interactions quotidiennes. Cette étude a été menée sur une organisation du monde de l’humanitaire, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) et plus précisément sur une mission réalisée dans la région du Nord- Kivu en République Démocratique du Congo. Les données ont été collectées en employant la méthode du vidéo shadowing, encore appelée vidéo filature, une approche consistant à suivre et filmer des acteurs dans leurs interactions du quotidien, et particulièrement, dans notre cas, le chef de mission. La méthodologie utilisée pour analyser les enregistrements vidéo a, par la suite, été inspirée de l’analyse de conversation et de l’ethnométhodologie. Les concepts phares sur lesquels se base cette recherche sont la « ventriloquie » et la « présentification », deux concepts en communication organisationnelle développés par François Cooren de l’École de Montréal. Plus précisément, nous nous sommes attachés à montrer comment les acteurs de MSF cultivent l’identité et l’image de leur organisation à travers des « conversations identitaires». Nous avons ainsi pu observer et analyser comment les acteurs de l’organisation agissent par le biais de la parole pour construire et établir l’identité de leur organisation, et à travers cela, leur propre identité. / The purpose of this thesis is to examine the co-construction and the negotiation of organizational identity through speech in everyday interactions. This study focused on a humanitarian organization, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), and more specifically on a mission carried out in the North-Kivu in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Data were collected by using shadowing, that is, by filming MSF actors in their daily interactions, particularly in our case, a head of mission. These data were analyzed, in turn, by using conversation analysis. The methodology used to analyze the video recordings was inspired by conversation analysis and ethnomethodology. The key concepts of this research are « ventriloquism » and « presentification », both developed by François Cooren of the Montreal School of Organizational Communication. Specifically, our analyses show how MSF actors cultivate the identity and image of their organization through « identity conversations ». In other words, it is through these conversations that MSF actors construct and establish the identity of their organization, as well as their own identity.