Abstract This paper examines the contribution of telecommunication private investment to economic growth in Africa and CEE countries using graphical and regression analysis. Data for fourteen African countries and thirteen CEE countries were used for the empirical analysis. The time series data is from 1999-2005. The contribution of telecommunication private investment to economic growth was estimated to be positive but insignificant in the pooled regression analysis. After con-trolling for country specific effects and causality, the effect of telecommunication private investment on GDP was found to be positive and significant. However, the positive impact on GDP was not substantial. When a cross-sectional test was carried out, the contribution of telecommunication private investment to economic growth was discovered to be positive except in 2005, and was also seen to be statistically significant up to 2002. The contribution of the mobile subscribers to economic growth was revealed to be positive and significant both in the pooled and cross-sectional regression analysis.

<p>Abstract</p><p>This paper examines the contribution of telecommunication private investment to economic growth in Africa and CEE countries using graphical and regression analysis. Data for fourteen African countries and thirteen CEE countries were used for the empirical analysis. The time series data is from 1999-2005. The contribution of telecommunication private investment to economic growth was estimated to be positive but insignificant in the pooled regression analysis. After con-trolling for country specific effects and causality, the effect of telecommunication private investment on GDP was found to be positive and significant. However, the positive impact on GDP was not substantial. When a cross-sectional test was carried out, the contribution of telecommunication private investment to economic growth was discovered to be positive except in 2005, and was also seen to be statistically significant up to 2002. The contribution of the mobile subscribers to economic growth was revealed to be positive and significant both in the pooled and cross-sectional regression analysis.</p>

Background: Acquiring capital is a crucial component for developing countries to strengthen their economies and gathering it solely through national channels is challenging. Public-private partnerships allows for foreign capital to fund projects aimed at developing infrastructure through private investors. Yet, the topic of how to attract investors to public-private partnerships is largely unexplored.   Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate how investors with different levels of experience perceive attributes of public-private partnerships in developing countries. Furthermore, to add to the current body of knowledge of the topic, as it is limited to investors with extensive experience. Thus, we investigate investors with a range of previous knowledge and their observed preferences regarding investment opportunities.  Method: This bachelor thesis is written in accordance with a positivist approach where quantitative data was extracted through a questionnaire from 31 individuals with different investments experience. The results are later analysed in terms of mean value, standard deviation, multivariate multiple regression analysis and p-value approach. The data is later discussed in terms of relevance, connection to literature and in context to the frame of reference.    Conclusion: The results gathered in this thesis showcased that 3 out of 14 factors indicated a statistical significance. Which refers to that the level of investor experience influence how the individual investor perceives adequate local expertise, political support and acceptance of PPPs and capabilities of the developing country. This on the other hand also represents the overall homogenous perception and assumption regarding various factors of PPPs in developing countries from an experienced and inexperienced investors perspective. Moreover, this study provides additional knowledge and literature background regarding how investor experience influence perception on various factors associated with PPP markets in developing countries.

Orientador: Luciano Galvão Coutinho / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T00:39:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Camargo_FernandoJosede_M.pdf: 744683 bytes, checksum: 7c955af23640048d6e5a8c00aad520b5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001 / Resumo: Em curso desde 1995, a reestruturação do setor elétrico brasileiro tem origem no grave estrangulamento financeiro das empresas públicas e paralisação dos investimentos. Esperava-se, então: (i) recuperar a capacidade de investimento das empresas; (ii) elevar os investimentos em novas usinas; e (iii) introduzir mecanismos de mercado no setor, via privatizações, concorrência na geração e no recém criado segmento de comercialização e a partir de um aparato regulatório que fosse sólido, ágil e independente. Com isso, esperava-se que os novos agentes privados assumissem os investimentos no setor. Após seis anos (1995-2000), questões como (a) indefinições no aparato regulatório; (b) descontinuidades no processo de privatização e a expectativa de venda de outros ativos públicos competitivos e de baixo risco; (c) incertezas no âmbito político-institucional; e (d) instabilidade no quadro macroeconômico, entre outras, vêm levando o governo ¿ que precisa urgentemente expandir a oferta e reduzir os riscos de déficit de falta de energia ¿ a reativar planos de investimento, além de buscar expedientes de política capazes de aplacar incertezas e estimular investimentos privados. Alguns dos objetivos da reestruturação foram cumpridos ¿ recuperação da capacidade de geração de caixa das empresas, basicamente via recomposição das tarifas reais e reestruturação das dívidas ¿, embora as privatizações tenham desencadeado um longo ciclo de ajustes patrimoniais e financeiros que ainda está longe de se encerrar, pois as empresas seguem definindo sua atuação estratégica nos diversos mercados e esperam ainda pelo restante dos ativos ainda a privatizar ¿, além de consumir recursos que poderiam ter sido destinados à expansão. A redefinição da participação do Estado é, assim, o principal dilema para o avanço da reestruturação nos próximos anos. Dado o elevado risco de falta de oferta de energia no curto e no médio prazos, não parece haver outra alternativa senão o Estado ¿ a partir das empresas que ainda controla no setor energético ¿ reassumir imediatamente, e sem mediações, os investimentos na expansão do sistema. Uma vez afastado o pesadelo da falta de energia, o Estado poderá buscar atrair capitais privados para novos investimentos e concentrar-se em duas frentes: consolidar e estabilizar o quadro regulatório e redesenhar, de forma consistente, o planejamento de longo prazo do setor / Abstract: Restructuring of the Brazilian electricity industry, in progress since 1995, originated with a severe financial crisis in the state-owned utilities and a paralysis of investment. It was intended to (i) recoup the utilities¿ capacity to invest; (ii) increase investment in new power plants; and (iii) introduce market mechanisms via privatization, competition in the generating segment, and via a newly created wholesale market. Another key aim was the creation of a regulatory framework supposed to be both strong and agile, with an independent regulator. All this was expected to attract new investment by private companies. After six years (1995-2000), issues such as (a) gaps and flaws in regulation, (b) discontinuity in the privatization process amid expectations that other low-risk and competitive public assets will be sold, (c) uncertainty in the political and institutional spheres, and (d) macroeconomic instability, among others, have led the government ¿ which urgently needs to expand supply and reduce the risk of shortages ¿ to reactivate investment plans, while also pursuing policy measures to mitigate uncertainties and attract private investment. Some aims have been achieved ¿ the state-owned utilities have regained the capacity to generate cashflow, for example, thanks mainly to hefty real increases in tariffs and debt restructuring ¿ but privatization triggered a long cycle of balance-sheet and financial adjustments that is far from complete, since the utilities are still working out their strategies for the various markets while waiting for privatization of the remaining state-owned assets and using up funds that could have been invested in expansion. Thus redefining the role of the state is the principal challenge to be addressed if the restructuring process is to move forward in the coming years. Given the high risk of a supply shortage in the near to medium term, there seems to be no alternative to an immediate resumption of direct investment in expansion of the system by the remaining state-owned enterprises. Once the nightmare of an acute shortage has been removed, the state can seek to attract private capital for new investment projects and concentrate efforts on two fronts: strengthening and stabilizing the regulatory framework; and redesigning the process of long-term planning for the sector along consistent lines / Mestrado / Mestre em Ciências Econômicas

The selection process in tertiary education in Greece is characterized by a competitive and grade-oriented system that lays the foundations for the extensive use of private educational services. Family inclination towards private expenditure in education raises arguments for the conversion of public education into a private commodity. This thesis examines how a specific middle class group in an urban setting, the city of Larissa, deals with the system of private investments in upper secondary education. In particular, in the light of Bourdieusian concepts, this study attempts to analyse parental choice and strategies that families set in action for achieving educational success and the social advancement of their offspring, investigating also the role of education for middle class parents. 15 semi-structured interviews were carried out, delivering insightful narratives of parents who had experienced the national examination process. Interviews gave prominence to the unquestionable value of educational credentials for a successful educational and professional trajectory. For the accomplishment of quality education, parents deployed their cultural, economic, and social assets, which enabled them to be effective in the educational marketplace. Choice presented a complex task for parents, which presupposed an intensive devotion of time and energy. Accordingly, educational strategies started from the child’s early upbringing, being employed systematically at the upper secondary level of education. In fact, parental strategies appeared to be a “natural” process pertaining to responsible and caring parenthood. Parents took for granted that children should be satisfactorily equipped with valuable educational qualifications, which were seen as a necessity for a successful future, and an upward trajectory.