Thesis (Ph.D.)--Bowling Green State University, 2009. / Document formatted into pages; contains xv, 191 p. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M. Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 258-264).

Thesis (M. Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print.

Thesis (M.Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 258-264). Also available in print.

M.Comm. / The objective of this research could broadly be stated as an initial investigation into the field of management consulting — with regard to the ethical standards and the requirements for professions, as well as the consultant's required skill set. More detailed objectives are the following: To define the requirements necessary to view management consulting as an ethical profession based on the guidelines set for management and management consulting as a profession. To investigate the required skill set needed for the professional ethical consultant. To establish, based on the aforementioned two objectives, if management consulting in South Africa qualifies as an ethical profession. To investigate the South African body of consultants and the requirements that will qualify an individual as a certified consultant.

This thesis explores the subjects of professionalism and ethics as they relate to archivists and seeks to assess the appropriateness and effectiveness of the ethical codes adopted by two national archival associations in North America. The archival profession in North America is in its infancy compared to its status in Europe. Having been identified with serving scholarship and other "non-essential" pursuits, archivists have begun to involve themselves in more vital records management tasks involving access to information and privacy issues. As the archival profession strives to achieve greater public recognition and trust to better carry out these and other sensitive tasks, the need for a code of ethics has become more acute. Both the Society of American Archivists and the Association of Canadian Archivists have developed codes in the last few years in an attempt to set standards of conduct in the face of rising responsibilities. However, many of the elements have been borrowed from other codes and with the need to ensure that such codes will be observed by members and enforceable by sanction, it seems timely that some means be established for analyzing their effectiveness. This thesis attempts to establish the tools for analysis of archival codes of ethics. To this end, it examines professionalism and ethics and the relationship between them. It draws upon the literature on emergent professions, establishing some of the characteristics of recognized professions. It also draws upon the literature on professional ethics to determine how one might look at existing codes from an ethical perspective. It examines the nature of archives and archival work to identify ethical principles regarding archival material and its treatment. Ultimately, the elements of these foregoing discussions form the basis for analyzing archival codes of ethics. The thesis generally concludes that ethical codes must be placed in an ethical infrastructure which reinforces the values and principles embodied in a code of ethics. Moreover, a better understanding and consensus about the purpose or goals of the profession needs to be achieved and stated in the codes themselves. Greater attention needs to be paid to formulating basic principles which can be applied in unpredictable situations. Greater use of logical relationships between code components is also needed. Finally, to become truly useful, the North American codes need to be made more comprehensive and to this end, it is suggested that professional archival groups abandon their attempt to provide ethical guidance solely in encapsulated form. / Arts, Faculty of / Library, Archival and Information Studies (SLAIS), School of / Graduate

The problem of this thesis was to study the codes of thirteen other states and, in addition, the codes of Texas and the National Education Association, were selected because of the realization that a very small per cent of the teaching profession knows of the existence of such codes and a still smaller per cent knows anything at all of the content of the codes.

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by Tsui Lam Sin Lai, Judy. / Includes questionaire in Chinese. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 248-267). / ABSTRACT --- p.i / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.vi / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.xi / LIST OF TABLES --- p.xiii / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.xv / CHAPTER / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND / Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Background --- p.8 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Meaning and Concept of Ethics --- p.8 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Approaches to Understand Ethical Behaviour in Accounting --- p.10 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Tenets of Ethical Conduct --- p.19 / Chapter 1.2.4 --- Concept of Independence --- p.21 / Chapter 1.2.5 --- Auditor-Client Conflict --- p.23 / Chapter 1.3 --- Motivation for the Study --- p.26 / Chapter 1.4 --- Objective of the Study --- p.31 / Chapter 1.5 --- Outline of the Study --- p.32 / Chapter 1.6 --- Summary --- p.34 / Chapter II. --- LITERATURE REVIEW / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.36 / Chapter 2.2 --- Accounting Ethics Literature --- p.37 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Situational Variables in Third Party Perceptions --- p.40 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Individual Differences --- p.43 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Auditor Independence in Fact --- p.45 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Cognitive Process --- p.47 / Chapter 2.3 --- Business and Marketing Ethics Literature --- p.52 / Chapter 2.4 --- General Decision Making Model --- p.59 / Chapter 2.5 --- Theoretical Model for Auditors' Ethical Decision Making --- p.63 / Chapter 2.5.1 --- Research Questions --- p.67 / Chapter 2.6 --- Summary --- p.68 / Chapter III. --- COGNITIVE MORAL DEVELOPMENT THEORY / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.70 / Chapter 3.2 --- Cognitive Process --- p.71 / Chapter 3.3 --- Kohlberg's Theory of Cognitive Moral Development --- p.77 / Chapter 3.4 --- Criticisms of Kohlberg's Cognitive Moral Development Theory --- p.89 / Chapter 3.5 --- Antecedents of Moral Development --- p.92 / Chapter 3.6 --- Moral Reasoning Levels of Professional Accountants --- p.94 / Chapter 3.7 --- Summary --- p.101 / Chapter IV. --- HYPOTHESES DEVELOPMENT / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.103 / Chapter 4.2 --- Decision Making Task --- p.104 / Chapter 4.3 --- Moral Reasoning and Ethical Behaviour --- p.108 / Chapter 4.4 --- Hypotheses --- p.114 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Moral Reasoning --- p.117 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Individual Differences --- p.119 / Chapter 4.4.2.1 --- Locus of Control --- p.121 / Chapter 4.4.2.2 --- Locus of Control and Moral Reasoning --- p.124 / Chapter 4.4.2.3 --- Cognitive Style --- p.126 / Chapter 4.4.2.4 --- Cognitive Style and Moral Reasoning --- p.129 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- Contextual Factor --- p.130 / Chapter 4.4.3.1 --- Size of Audit Fees --- p.132 / Chapter 4.4.3.2 --- Size of Audit Fees and Moral Reasoning --- p.135 / Chapter 4.4.3.3 --- Size of Audit Fees and Individual Differences --- p.137 / Chapter 4.4.3.4 --- "Moral Reasoning, Individual Differences and Size of Audit Fees" --- p.140 / Chapter 4.5 --- Summary --- p.143 / Chapter V. --- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.144 / Chapter 5.2 --- Field Experiment --- p.145 / Chapter 5.3 --- Measurement of Variables --- p.148 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Dependent Variable --- p.150 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- Moral Reasoning --- p.151 / Chapter 5.3.3 --- Locus of Control --- p.158 / Chapter 5.3.4 --- Cognitive Style --- p.158 / Chapter 5.3.5 --- Size of Audit Fees --- p.159 / Chapter 5.4 --- Subjects and Sample Size --- p.160 / Chapter 5.5 --- Procedures --- p.170 / Chapter 5.6 --- Research Instruments --- p.172 / Chapter 5.7 --- Scoring Methods of Research Instruments --- p.175 / Chapter 5.8 --- Summary --- p.175 / Chapter VI. --- DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS / Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.177 / Chapter 6.2 --- Data Analysis Techniques --- p.178 / Chapter 6.3 --- Limitations of the Multiplicative Model --- p.182 / Chapter 6.4 --- Descriptive Statistics of Variables --- p.184 / Chapter 6.5 --- Validity and Internal Reliability of Variables --- p.184 / Chapter 6.6 --- Defining Issues Test: Internal Checks on Subject Reliability --- p.185 / Chapter 6.7 --- Results --- p.187 / Chapter 6.8 --- Summary --- p.200 / Chapter VII. --- DISCUSSION OF RESULTS / Chapter 7.1 --- Introduction --- p.201 / Chapter 7.2 --- Hypotheses with Significant Results --- p.202 / Chapter 7.2.1 --- Test of Null Hypothesis 2 --- p.202 / Chapter 7.2.2 --- Test of Null Hypothesis3 --- p.205 / Chapter 7.2.3 --- Test of Null Hypothesis 8 --- p.216 / Chapter 7.3 --- Hypotheses with Insignificant Results --- p.225 / Chapter 7.4 --- Summary --- p.234 / Chapter VIII. --- CONCLUSION / Chapter 8.1 --- Introduction --- p.236 / Chapter 8.2 --- "Summary of Objective, Research Questions and Hypotheses" --- p.236 / Chapter 8.3 --- Summary of Findings --- p.238 / Chapter 8.4 --- Contributions --- p.240 / Chapter 8.5 --- Implications --- p.241 / Chapter 8.6 --- Limitations --- p.242 / Chapter 8.7 --- Directions for Future Research --- p.244 / Chapter 8.8 --- Summary --- p.247 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.248 / APPENDICES / Appendix I Normative Ethical Theories --- p.268 / Appendix II Fundamental Principles of Ethical Conduct --- p.272 / Appendix III Theoretical Frameworks on Ethical Behaviour --- p.275 / Figure 1 A Contingency Model of Ethical Decision Making in a Marketing Organisation --- p.280 / Figure 2 General Theory of Marketing Ethics --- p.281 / Figure 3 A Behavioural Model of Ethical/Unethical Decision Making --- p.282 / Figure 4 A Model of Ethical Decision Behaviour --- p.283 / Figure 5 Three Types of Causal Relations --- p.284 / Figure 6 Cognitive-Contingency Model for the Study of Ethics in Accounting --- p.285 / Appendix IV The Six Equilibrium Stages of Ethical Cognition --- p.286 / Appendix V Auditors' Decision Making Questionnaire --- p.287 / Appendix VI Debriefing Questionnaire --- p.306 / Appendix VII Social Opinion Survey (Chinese Version) --- p.307 / Appendix VIII Nature of Audit Conflict Cases as Reported by Subjects --- p.312 / Appendix IX A Summary of Subjects' Perceptions of the Purpose of the Experiment --- p.313 / Appendix X Use of Partial Derivatives for Data Analysis --- p.314