Purpose: To determine the effect of four postexercise beverages, differing in macronutrient content, on metabolic response to an acute resistance exercise bout. Methods: Forty male subjects performed five sets of eight repetitions at 80% 1RM for leg press and leg extension, and then consumed one of four postexercise beverages (Placebo, PL: a carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage, CE; or one of two milk-based beverages, MILK 1: 1% chocolate milk; MILK 2: a high protein milk beverage). Indicators of muscle protein synthesis (MPS) were assessed before and 1-hr after consuming a postexercise beverage. Muscle protein degradation (MPD) was examined the day before and the day of exercise. Results: No significant differences were found among groups in MPS. The resistance exercise bout increased the amount of eIF4E-eIF4G by 4.5% 1-hr postexercise (p<0.05) without affecting the amount of eIF4E-4E-BP1. One hour after beverage consumption, serum total amino acid concentration increased for MILK 1 (p=0.003) and MILK 2 (p<0.001) but decreased for CE (p=0.028) and PL (p=0.276). Consumption of MILK 1, MILK 2, and CE significantly increased circulating levels of serum insulin (p<0.001). Serum growth hormone increased 3-fold as a result of the exercise bout but fell to baseline for all groups by 60 min (p<0.001). Conclusion: The resistance exercise bout was anabolic as shown by the increase in the active eIF4E-eIF4G complex and serum growth hormone. Consumption of MILK 2 led to the most optimal environment for muscle anabolism; however, none of the experimental beverages influenced the measured indicators of muscle protein translation 1-hr after ingestion. / Master of Science

Resistance exercise (RE) training is a well-known and effective method for promoting increases in muscle mass and strength. A single bout of RE induces physiological disturbances that require coordinated activation of the immune system and intramuscular signaling in order to return the tissue to homeostasis and adapt to the RE challenge. On the other hand, acute binge alcohol consumption can affect the immune response to an inflammatory challenge, intramuscular anabolic signaling, and muscle protein synthesis, and the effects of alcohol on these processes are opposite that of RE. Furthermore, individuals who report more frequent exercise also report a greater frequency of binge drinking. However, few investigations exist regarding the effects of binge alcohol consumed after a bout of RE on RE-induced physiological changes and performance recovery. Therefore, the overarching purpose of the investigations contained within this dissertation was to investigate the effect of alcohol consumed after RE on the RE-induced changes in mTOR pathway signaling, muscle protein synthesis, inflammatory capacity, strength recovery, and power recovery. Although RE increased mTOR pathway signaling and inflammatory capacity after exercise and reduced maximal strength and explosive power the day after exercise, we observed no effects of alcohol (1.09 g ethanol∙kg-1 lean body mass, designed to result in a peak blood alcohol concentration of approximately 0.12 g∙dl-1) consumed after RE on mTOR pathway signaling, 24-hour rates of muscle protein synthesis, inflammatory capacity, or strength and power recovery in resistance-trained individuals.

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