This dissertation provides an iconographic interpretation of a group of Ancient Puebloan human effigy vessels and fragments from the American Southwest, dating to the Pueblo II period, c. 900 -1150 CE. Initially, this project focuses on Ancient Puebloan human effigy vessels from three specific collections; a single vessel in the collection of the National Museum of the American Indian in Washington, D.C., a human effigy vessel in the collection of the American Museum of Natural History in New York, and the so-called Putnam Human Effigy Jar from Chaco Canyon at the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology at Harvard University. This study interprets these three vessels primarily as expressive sculptural forms, as opposed to ritual or utilitarian objects. Stylistically and formally, these vessels are similar to several other human effigy vessels attributed to the Ancient Puebloan tradition. Two catalogs have been compiled for this study. Catalog A consists of Ancient Puebloan style human effigy. Catalog B presents comparable human effigy vessels created in a variety of ancient Southwestern styles, related to, but considered distinct from the Ancient Puebloan style. Formal and iconographic similarities between human effigy vessels in these cultures and the Ancient Puebloan culture suggest a shared cultural phenomenon, or, at the very least, is evidence of regional cultural relationships. Similar human effigy vessels can also be found outside of the ancient Greater Southwest in Precolumbian cultures. Of particular scholarly interest is the nature of the perceived relationship between the Ancient Puebloan tradition and the cultures of Casas Grandes, West Mexico, and Mesoamerica. The analysis of these three vessels and their associated tradition provides additional insight into this on-going scholarly discussion.

Small mammals, namely those species larger than microfauna like rats and murids but smaller than medium, sheep-size fauna, are generally one of the less studied areas of zooarchaeology. While this may be partly influenced by modern cultural biases, it is more often because finding small, rabbit-sized, mammal remains in archaeological deposits presents a problem in accurately differentiating between those arising from natural, biological and anthropogenic agencies. This thesis tackles this subject using a synthesis of different methods, examining the exploitation and role of small, non-ungulate mammals in early Western European prehistory by combining existing ethnographic knowledge and archaeological research with actualistic experiments and bone assemblage analysis. It first presents a detailed summary of the various taphonomic effects on bone from natural, biological and human action, with particular reference to those of small mammals, using empirical evidence to describe the processes and likely resultant effects. Small mammal utilisation is then contextualised using archaeological and ethnographic evidence to examine past and present practices in Europe and other areas of the world. Different acquisition methods, such as hunting and trapping, are described, and using small mammals for dietary and non-dietary purposes is outlined, along with the rationale for such utilisation given their size. Also considered are other, more abstract ideological and symbolic roles they fulfilled within different cultures, whether physically using parts of the animal, or conceptually. To extend the existing methods available to zooarchaeologists, and improve identifying human exploitation of these species, the ‘chaîne opératoire’ of small game use is examined from an osteological perspective, starting with acquisition, through processing, cooking and consumption to discard, using a series of experiments and microscopic analysis to explore potential bone modification signatures and fracture patterns arising from such activities. Finally, it places these results into broader context by comparing the fracture patterns with bones from British and North American archaeological sites, to demonstrate that similar changes can be seen.

El trabajo de investigación aborda una perspectiva multidisciplinaria que se enfoca en generar una herramienta de comunicación, abordando temas importantes como son el gobierno móvil, la tecnología y el Estado. Gobierno móvil es un concepto que ha tomado fuerza en muchos países en desarrollo, muchos de estos descritos en casos de éxito en países donde el uso de este tipo de plataformas aportó en el desarrollo de políticas de Estado, siendo una herramienta versátil y útil en diversos campos. Luego de un análisis de la situación actual de los Pueblos Indígenas y el proceso de Consulta Previa en el Perú, nuestro trabajo de investigación propone el uso de aplicaciones móviles que colaboren con las políticas del Estado, lo que está alineado al Plan Bicentenario de nuestro país. Así, de esta manera contribuir con un aporte al Estado en la implementación de Gobierno Móvil como una herramienta que refuerza la inclusión, posibilitando el acceso del ciudadano de todas partes del Perú a los programas y planes de apoyo social a cargo del Estado. / The research work addresses a multidisciplinary perspective that focuses on generating a communication tool, addressing important issues such as mobile government, technology and the State. Mobile government is a concept that has taken hold in many developing countries, many of these described in successful cases in countries where the use of this type of platforms contributed to the development of State policies, being a versatile and useful tool in various fields After an analysis of the current situation of Indigenous Peoples and the process of Prior Consultation in Peru, our research work proposes the use of mobile applications that collaborate with State policies, which is aligned with the Bicentennial Plan of our country . Thus, in this way contribute with a contribution to the State in the implementation of Mobile Government as a tool that reinforces the inclusion, making possible the access of the citizen of all parts of Peru to the programs and social support plans in charge of the State. / Trabajo de investigación

El objetivo del presente informe es describir el proceso de incorporación de variables que recogen información sobre violencia en el marco del análisis realizado en un sistema orientado al monitoreo y alerta temprana de conflictos sociales, a partir de la experiencia profesional adquirida en el manejo, supervisión y mantenimiento del “Sistema de Monitoreo de Conflictos” (SIMCO)1, utilizado por la Defensoría del Pueblo del Perú. / Proyecto Profesional

Memoria (licenciado en ciencias jurídicas y sociales)

Thesis (M.A. in anthropology)--Washington State University, December 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 184-202).

Thesis (LL. M.)--Judge Advocate General's School, United States Army, 1974. / "April 1974." Typescript. Includes bibliographical references. Also issued in microfiche.

This master's thesis is an autoethnography. According to Denzin and Lincoln, an autoethnograpic piece "works to hold self and culture together, albeit not in equilibrium or stasis," (207). This thesis, presented in story form, tells how I was educated into and came to follow the "Good Path" in becoming a member of Santo Domingo Pueblo, and more specifically, a contemporary Santo Domingan woman. My story is framed within a Puebloan paradigm of remembrance as articulated through oral tradition, narrative and text, and the social and natural environments of my Santo Domingan world. Through introspection and reflection on the narratives, I elicit what I believe to be the foundational core values of Santo Domingo culture. I identify and reference these core values as Breath, Corn, Hair, and Family. It is through my stories that I have also come to understand the strength and power of oral traditional narratives and teachings.

The mechanical behavior of any bone depends upon structural and material properties. Therefore, whole bone, cross-sectional geometric and bone mineral data need to be integrated in studies of bone growth and aging. This dissertation examines femoral growth and aging in the prehistoric Grasshopper Pueblo population of Arizona (A.D. 1275 to 1400). The techniques include osteometrics, computed tomography and photon absorptiometry. Human osteological collections obtained from archaeological sites are useful for studies of bone physiology and mechanics. Even though the subjects are no longer living, non-invasive techniques must often be used because the skeletal collections are data bases for many researchers. This apparently limiting attribute of the sample used in the present study forced the application of computed tomography for analysis of cross-sectional geometry. As the availability of computed tomography to research increases, it will become the method of choice because digital images are well-suited to automated analysis and CT can also provide density data. Variability related to side, age and sex is explored. Additionally, (1) structural properties increase much more than material properties in growth, (2) the morphology of the proximal femoral diaphysis depends more upon the angle of antetorsion than the cervicodiaphyseal angle, (3) there is evidence suggestive of structural compensation for loss of bone mineral in aging, (4) osteoporosis is found not to protect the femoral compartment of the knee joint from osteoarthrosis, (5) the onset of bone loss in females seems to have been early by modern standards, although the rates of loss were similar, and (6) differential bone loss within the femur due to the amount of bone present at maturity and not different rates of loss.

No description available.