Statins, hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme-A reductase inhibitors (HMG-Co-A), are known to reduce plasma cholesterol levels. Interestingly, Simvastatin was previously reported to have a positive effect on the proliferation and odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp cells. However, the biocompatibility of Simvastatin has not been studied thoroughly. The purpose of this study was to further compare the effectiveness of different concentrations of Simvastatin on the attachment, proliferation, differentiation, toxicity, mineralization, and flow cytometry of human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) and osteoblasts. HDPCs and osteoblasts were cultured with Simvastatin at various concentrations of 1, 10, 25, 50, 75, 100 μmol/L, and 0 μmol/L was used as a control. The cell attachment was evaluated at 16 hours for HDPCs and 9 hours for osteoblasts. The proliferation rate, differentiation, cytotoxicity, and mineralization were investigated at 7, 14 and 21 days. Cell cycle and apoptosis were assessed at 1 and 3 days. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA. P-values ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant. The results showed that 25 μmol/L demonstrated the highest cell attachment efficiency when compared to the control in HDPCs (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance (P>0.05) amongst the groups in the cell attachment efficiency in osteoblasts. All tested concentrations showed a significant decrease in the proliferation rate and mineralization (P<0.001) and an increase in cytotoxicity and cytostasis (P<0.001) in both cell types. ALP levels increased in HDPCs and osteoblasts (P<0.001). DSP and RUNX2 levels decreased in HDPCs (P<0.001). OSC levels were increased in osteoblasts, but RUNX2 was decreased (P<0.001). Cell cycle and apoptosis significantly increased as time increased (P<0.001) in both cell types. In conclusion, the present findings showed that Simvastatin adversely affects the proliferation, cell viability of HDPCs and osteoblasts by inducing apoptosis, which were confirmed by flow cytometry results. There was an increase in the odontogenic and osteogenic markers hinting at early differentiation, which decreased as time increased. / 2025-07-10T00:00:00Z

As células da polpa dental têm o potencial de responder a estímulos externos e reparar o tecido dentário lesionado. Nos dentes, as lesões cariosas profundas e as lesões traumáticas são frequentes e resultam em alterações pulpares. Com o desenvolvimento da ciência e a busca de formas inovadoras de tratamento utilizando biomateriais de tamanho cada vez menor, verificar a biocompatibilidade desses materiais antes da aplicação clínica se mostra necessário e promissor. Assim, a finalidade deste estudo foi avaliar a biocompatibilidade de uma nova nanopartícula de hidroxiapatita utilizando células pulpares humanas em cultura. As Nanopartículas de Hidroxiapatita (HAp) utilizadas em nosso estudo são um material novo e ainda não disponível para a prática clínica. Como parâmetro comparativo, foi utilizado o material já consagrado na Odontologia para tratamentos endodônticos, o Agregado Trióxido Mineral (MTA). Para tanto, foram realizados testes de biocompatibilidade (MTS (3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-y)5-(3-carboximetoxifenil)-2-(4-sulfofenil-2H-tetrazolio)). Foi preparada uma solução de material na concentração de 0,1g/ml diluído em meio de cultura, proporção preconizada pela norma ISO 10.993-12 (ISO, 1996). Esta solução foi diluída em 3 diferentes concentrações (1/10, 1/100 e 1/1000). Também foram realizados testes de migração celular e testes de capacidade de diferenciação, na concentração de 1/100. Como resultados pudemos verificar que as células da polpa foram viáveis quando expostas a diferentes concentrações de HAp, proliferaram mais quando tratadas com HAp na concentração de 1/100, migraram em direção aos materiais estudados e diferenciaram-se em tecido mineralizado quando em contato direto com ambos materiais estudados. Concluímos que o novo material testado é biocompatível e capaz de induzir mineralização em células de polpa dental sugerindo que as HAp podem ter aplicações clínicas futuras em tecidos mineralizados como osso e dente. / The dental pulp cells have the potential to respond to external stimuli and repair the dental tissue injury. On teeth, deep carious lesions and traumatic injuries are common and result in pulp changes. With the development of science and the search for innovative treatment forms using reduced size biomaterials, to verify the biocompatibility of these materials before clinical application has become necessary and promising. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of a new hydroxyapatite nanoparticle using human pulp cells in culture. The nanoparticles of hydroxyapatite (HAp) used in our study are new material and not yet available for clinical practice. As a comparator, we used the material already used in dentistry to root canal treatment, the Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA). To do so, biocompatibility (MTS (3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-y)5-(3-carboximetoxifenil)-2-(4-sulfofenil-2H-tetrazolio)). A solution of the material in a concentration of 0.1 g / ml diluted in culture medium recommended by ISO 10993-12 (ISO 1996) standard was prepared. This solution was diluted in three different concentrations (1/10, 1/100 and 1/1000). Were also performed cell migration and differentiation capacity assays at a concentration of 1/100. As results, we found that the pulp cells were viable when exposed to different concentrations of HAp, they proliferated more when treated with 1/100 HAp concentration, migrated toward the studied materials and differed into mineralized tissue when there was direct contact with both materials studied. We conclude that the new material tested is biocompatible and able to induce mineralization of dental pulp cells suggesting that the HAp may have future clinical applications in mineralized tissues such as bone and tooth.

No description available.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1968.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1968.

As células da polpa dental têm o potencial de responder a estímulos externos e reparar o tecido dentário lesionado. Nos dentes, as lesões cariosas profundas e as lesões traumáticas são frequentes e resultam em alterações pulpares. Com o desenvolvimento da ciência e a busca de formas inovadoras de tratamento utilizando biomateriais de tamanho cada vez menor, verificar a biocompatibilidade desses materiais antes da aplicação clínica se mostra necessário e promissor. Assim, a finalidade deste estudo foi avaliar a biocompatibilidade de uma nova nanopartícula de hidroxiapatita utilizando células pulpares humanas em cultura. As Nanopartículas de Hidroxiapatita (HAp) utilizadas em nosso estudo são um material novo e ainda não disponível para a prática clínica. Como parâmetro comparativo, foi utilizado o material já consagrado na Odontologia para tratamentos endodônticos, o Agregado Trióxido Mineral (MTA). Para tanto, foram realizados testes de biocompatibilidade (MTS (3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-y)5-(3-carboximetoxifenil)-2-(4-sulfofenil-2H-tetrazolio)). Foi preparada uma solução de material na concentração de 0,1g/ml diluído em meio de cultura, proporção preconizada pela norma ISO 10.993-12 (ISO, 1996). Esta solução foi diluída em 3 diferentes concentrações (1/10, 1/100 e 1/1000). Também foram realizados testes de migração celular e testes de capacidade de diferenciação, na concentração de 1/100. Como resultados pudemos verificar que as células da polpa foram viáveis quando expostas a diferentes concentrações de HAp, proliferaram mais quando tratadas com HAp na concentração de 1/100, migraram em direção aos materiais estudados e diferenciaram-se em tecido mineralizado quando em contato direto com ambos materiais estudados. Concluímos que o novo material testado é biocompatível e capaz de induzir mineralização em células de polpa dental sugerindo que as HAp podem ter aplicações clínicas futuras em tecidos mineralizados como osso e dente. / The dental pulp cells have the potential to respond to external stimuli and repair the dental tissue injury. On teeth, deep carious lesions and traumatic injuries are common and result in pulp changes. With the development of science and the search for innovative treatment forms using reduced size biomaterials, to verify the biocompatibility of these materials before clinical application has become necessary and promising. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of a new hydroxyapatite nanoparticle using human pulp cells in culture. The nanoparticles of hydroxyapatite (HAp) used in our study are new material and not yet available for clinical practice. As a comparator, we used the material already used in dentistry to root canal treatment, the Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA). To do so, biocompatibility (MTS (3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-y)5-(3-carboximetoxifenil)-2-(4-sulfofenil-2H-tetrazolio)). A solution of the material in a concentration of 0.1 g / ml diluted in culture medium recommended by ISO 10993-12 (ISO 1996) standard was prepared. This solution was diluted in three different concentrations (1/10, 1/100 and 1/1000). Were also performed cell migration and differentiation capacity assays at a concentration of 1/100. As results, we found that the pulp cells were viable when exposed to different concentrations of HAp, they proliferated more when treated with 1/100 HAp concentration, migrated toward the studied materials and differed into mineralized tissue when there was direct contact with both materials studied. We conclude that the new material tested is biocompatible and able to induce mineralization of dental pulp cells suggesting that the HAp may have future clinical applications in mineralized tissues such as bone and tooth.

L’objectif de ce travail était de mettre au point un modèle de culture cellulaire, afin d’étudier in vitro l’incidence sur la physiologie des cellules pulpaires et en particulier de l’odontoblaste, de biomatériaux utilisés pour traiter les effractions de pulpes dentaires. Ce modèle repose sur l’utilisation de culture sphéroïdes dont la conformation spatiale reproduit plus fidèlement l’environnement in vivo que les cultures bidimensionnelles. Après avoir élaboré le modèle sphéroïde à partir de lignées murines, des expérimentations visant à déterminer la cytotoxicité des matériaux ont été effectuées. Leurs capacités à induire la biominéralisation ont également été évaluées. La dernière partie de ce travail avait pour objectif d’immortaliser des primocultures de cellules pulpaires humaines en transfectant les gènes SV40 et hTERT, afin d’établir une lignée cellulaire / The aim of this study was to develop a cell culture model to assess in vitro the effects on the physiology of pulp cells, in particular the odontoblasts, of biomaterials used to treat dental pulp exposures. This model is based on the use of spheroid culture whose spatial configuration reproduces the in vivo environment more faithfully than do two-dimensional cultures. After developing the spheroid model from mouse lines, experiments to determine the cytotoxicity of the materials were conducted. Their ability to induce bio-mineralisation was also assessed. The last part of this work aimed to immortalise primo-cultures of human pulp cells by transfecting hTERT and SV40 genes, in order to establish a new cell line

2-Hydroxy-ethyl methacrylate (HEMA) is the major component released from resin-modified glass ionomer cements and dental adhesives. Human tissues mainly affected by HEMA are oral epithelium and dental pulp. We treated human gingival epithelial S-G cells and pulp fibroblasts (HPF) with various concentrations of HEMA, to evaluate its effects on cell growth, cell cycle progression, intracellular glutathione (GSH) level and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. HEMA-induced growth inhibition in HPF and S-G cells in a dose-dependent manner, which may be partially explained by induction of cell cycle perturbation. G2/M phase arrest was noted after exposure of HPF to 5 and 10mM of HEMA, concomitant with glutathione depletion and ROS production. S-phase arrest occurred in S-G cells when treated with 2.5 and 5mM, while at 10mM a sub-G0/G1 peak was noted, indicating the potential induction of apoptosis. GSH depletion was marked in S-G cells only at concentrations of 5 and 10mM, but excessive ROS production was noted at concentration of 1mM and rose with dose increase between 1 and 5mM, then lessened at 10mM. This suggested that the increase of ROS in S-G cells was not mainly caused by GSH depletion. These results helped to define the mechanism of the cytotoxicity caused by HEMA.

O extraordinário potencial regenerativo do complexo dentino-pulpar enfatiza a importância da caracterização dos processos celulares e moleculares envolvidos na regeneração dentinária. O avanço da pesquisa com células-tronco desencadeou um grande interesse de cultivá-las na presença de sinais de indução odontogênica. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar comparativamente células indiferenciadas da polpa (OD-21) e odontoblásticas (MDPC-23) através da avaliação do estímulo celular e do perfil de expressão gênica. As células OD-21 e MDPC-23 foram cultivadas em garrafas de cultura até a subconfluência e, em seguida, cultivadas em placas de 24 poços na concentração de 104 células /poço (n = 5). Os parâmetros analisados foram: (1) proliferação, viabilidade celular e atividade de fosfatase alcalina após 3, 7 e 10 dias; além de detecção e quantificação de matriz mineralizada após 17 dias (o teste estatístico utilizado foi o de Mann-Whitney para p&le;0,05); (2) imunofluorescência para proteínas não-colágenas (DSPP e osteopontina) após 1, 3 e 7 dias; (3) análises de expressão transcricional através da tecnologia de cDNA microarray e PCR em tempo real. Os dados de microarrays foram analisados com o auxílio de programas de bioinformática especializados como SAM (significance analysis of microarrays), Cluster-TreeView e GeneNetwork. A expressão gênica foi avalidada pela reação em tempo real em cadeia da polimerase (PCR). Os resultados mostraram que a viabilidade celular ficou acima dos 80% em ambas as células, e que a proliferação celular e a atividade de fosfatase alcalina foram maiores nas células MDPC-23. Foram observados nódulos de mineralização somente na cultura de células odontoblásticas. A osteopontina apresentou-se igualmente presente em ambas as células, enquanto a sialofosfoproteína dentinária foi expressa em maior quantidade nas células MDPC-23. Os resultados demonstraram genes com comportamento semelhante nos dois tipos de células, tais como Bad (morte celular), Erf e Btg1 (proliferação celular), Cxcl10 e Il13 (resposta imune) e Arfgef1 (comunicação celular). Além disso, regiões no heatmap mostraram diferenças na indução e repressão de genes, como C1qb (resposta imune), Jak2 (morte, comunicação e proliferação celular), Col4a1 (adesão celular), Rpl6 e Rpl26 (processo metabólico celular). Concluímos que as células OD-21, embora indiferenciadas, compartilham muitos genes com comportamento semelhante à células odontoblásticas MDPC-23, sugerindo seu potencial para se diferenciar em odontoblastos. / The extraordinary regenerative potential of pulp-dentin complex leads to the importance of the characterization of cell and molecular processes involved in regeneration of dentin. The advancement of stem cell research sparked great interest in cultivating them in the presence of signs of odontogenic induction. The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate comparatively undifferentiated pulp cells (OD-21) and odontoblastic cells (MDPC-23) through the assessment of cell stimulation and gene expression profiling. OD-21 and MDPC-23 cells were grown in culture flasks until subconfluence, and then cultured in 24-well plates at a concentration of 104 cells/well (n=5). The parameters analyzed were: (1) proliferation, cell viability and alkaline phosphatase activity after 3, 7 and 10 days, in addition to detection and quantification of mineralized matrix after 17 days (the statistical test used was the Mann-Whitney p&le;0.05), (2) immunofluorescence for non-collagen proteins (DSPP and osteopontin) at 1, 3 and 7 days, (3) transcriptional expression analysis using cDNA microarray technology and real-time PCR. The microarray data were analyzed with the aid of specialized bioinformatics programs such as SAM (significance analysis of microarrays), Cluster, TreeView and GeneNetwork. Gene expression was avalided by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results showed that cell viability was above 80% in both cells, and cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity were higher in MDPC-23 cells. Mineralization nodules were observed only in the odontoblastic cell cultures. Osteopontin was present equally in both cells, whereas dentin sialophosphoprotein was higher expressed in MDPC-23 cells. The results showed genes with similar behavior in two cell types, such as Bad (cell death), Erf and Btg1 (cell proliferation), Il13 and Cxcl10 (immune response) and Arfgef1 (cell communication). Moreover, regions of the heatmap showed differences in induction and repression of genes, such C1qb (immune response), Jak2 (death, communication and cell proliferation), Col4a1 (cell adhesion), Rpl26 and Rpl6 (cellular metabolic process). We conclude that the OD-21 cells, although undifferentiated, share many genes with similar behavior to the odontoblastic MDPC-23 cells, suggesting their potential to differentiate into odontoblasts.

O extraordinário potencial regenerativo do complexo dentino-pulpar enfatiza a importância da caracterização dos processos celulares e moleculares envolvidos na regeneração dentinária. O avanço da pesquisa com células-tronco desencadeou um grande interesse de cultivá-las na presença de sinais de indução odontogênica. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar comparativamente células indiferenciadas da polpa (OD-21) e odontoblásticas (MDPC-23) através da avaliação do estímulo celular e do perfil de expressão gênica. As células OD-21 e MDPC-23 foram cultivadas em garrafas de cultura até a subconfluência e, em seguida, cultivadas em placas de 24 poços na concentração de 104 células /poço (n = 5). Os parâmetros analisados foram: (1) proliferação, viabilidade celular e atividade de fosfatase alcalina após 3, 7 e 10 dias; além de detecção e quantificação de matriz mineralizada após 17 dias (o teste estatístico utilizado foi o de Mann-Whitney para p&le;0,05); (2) imunofluorescência para proteínas não-colágenas (DSPP e osteopontina) após 1, 3 e 7 dias; (3) análises de expressão transcricional através da tecnologia de cDNA microarray e PCR em tempo real. Os dados de microarrays foram analisados com o auxílio de programas de bioinformática especializados como SAM (significance analysis of microarrays), Cluster-TreeView e GeneNetwork. A expressão gênica foi avalidada pela reação em tempo real em cadeia da polimerase (PCR). Os resultados mostraram que a viabilidade celular ficou acima dos 80% em ambas as células, e que a proliferação celular e a atividade de fosfatase alcalina foram maiores nas células MDPC-23. Foram observados nódulos de mineralização somente na cultura de células odontoblásticas. A osteopontina apresentou-se igualmente presente em ambas as células, enquanto a sialofosfoproteína dentinária foi expressa em maior quantidade nas células MDPC-23. Os resultados demonstraram genes com comportamento semelhante nos dois tipos de células, tais como Bad (morte celular), Erf e Btg1 (proliferação celular), Cxcl10 e Il13 (resposta imune) e Arfgef1 (comunicação celular). Além disso, regiões no heatmap mostraram diferenças na indução e repressão de genes, como C1qb (resposta imune), Jak2 (morte, comunicação e proliferação celular), Col4a1 (adesão celular), Rpl6 e Rpl26 (processo metabólico celular). Concluímos que as células OD-21, embora indiferenciadas, compartilham muitos genes com comportamento semelhante à células odontoblásticas MDPC-23, sugerindo seu potencial para se diferenciar em odontoblastos. / The extraordinary regenerative potential of pulp-dentin complex leads to the importance of the characterization of cell and molecular processes involved in regeneration of dentin. The advancement of stem cell research sparked great interest in cultivating them in the presence of signs of odontogenic induction. The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate comparatively undifferentiated pulp cells (OD-21) and odontoblastic cells (MDPC-23) through the assessment of cell stimulation and gene expression profiling. OD-21 and MDPC-23 cells were grown in culture flasks until subconfluence, and then cultured in 24-well plates at a concentration of 104 cells/well (n=5). The parameters analyzed were: (1) proliferation, cell viability and alkaline phosphatase activity after 3, 7 and 10 days, in addition to detection and quantification of mineralized matrix after 17 days (the statistical test used was the Mann-Whitney p&le;0.05), (2) immunofluorescence for non-collagen proteins (DSPP and osteopontin) at 1, 3 and 7 days, (3) transcriptional expression analysis using cDNA microarray technology and real-time PCR. The microarray data were analyzed with the aid of specialized bioinformatics programs such as SAM (significance analysis of microarrays), Cluster, TreeView and GeneNetwork. Gene expression was avalided by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results showed that cell viability was above 80% in both cells, and cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity were higher in MDPC-23 cells. Mineralization nodules were observed only in the odontoblastic cell cultures. Osteopontin was present equally in both cells, whereas dentin sialophosphoprotein was higher expressed in MDPC-23 cells. The results showed genes with similar behavior in two cell types, such as Bad (cell death), Erf and Btg1 (cell proliferation), Il13 and Cxcl10 (immune response) and Arfgef1 (cell communication). Moreover, regions of the heatmap showed differences in induction and repression of genes, such C1qb (immune response), Jak2 (death, communication and cell proliferation), Col4a1 (cell adhesion), Rpl26 and Rpl6 (cellular metabolic process). We conclude that the OD-21 cells, although undifferentiated, share many genes with similar behavior to the odontoblastic MDPC-23 cells, suggesting their potential to differentiate into odontoblasts.