Thesis (doctoral)--Tübingen, 1934.

Thesis (doctoral)--München, 1935.

Thesis (doctoral)--University of Turku, 1979. / Extra t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Consists of summary and six previously published supporting papers. Includes bibliographies.

The major objective of this study was to determine the outlook of the British Columbia kraft pulp industry for the period 1969 - 1974. To attain this objective and develop the necessary perspective, the global economy and particularly world trade developments were studied. An historical analysis of world economic variables was made and then, where possible, projections into the future made. From these studies, specific applications to the British Columbia industry were given. Consequently, the approach of this study was to begin with general global considerations and then proceed to more specific items pertaining to the British Columbia industry. The global demand trends for kraft pulp were obtained by studying the major kraft pulp consuming areas individually. Other kraft pulp producing areas of the world were analyzed to see what portion of potential demand they would be able to supply on competitive terms with British Columbia. As the perspective of the study narrowed, it focused on Canada. This country's historic economic and future potential were analyzed in detail. Recent rapid growth trends were noted and their expansionary effect on British Columbia's economy noted. This study revealed that previous forecasters generally understated future economic growth, particularly in the area of world trade. Consequently, a more liberal attitude was adopted in this analysis. On the basis of future reductions in tariffs, particularly the Kennedy Round cuts in the projection period, the mood of this forecast is one of optimism. Buoyant economic conditions are projected based on premises that state no abrupt changes in world affairs should be expected in the next five years. Global kraft pulp demand is expected to grow at least at the same rate as the world GNP growth. The growth rate in economic output has not been too much alike for all countries and consequently the average global GNP growth has given only a rough indication of kraft pulp consumption. Disproportionate GNP growth in the countries is forecast for the next five years. The industrialized countries will continue to grow faster than the less-developed countries. Most of the growth in kraft pulp demand will occur in the industrialized countries, of which the most promising areas are in Europe and Japan. Because the traditional sources for European markets are approaching their raw material limits, substitution from abroad should occur, consequently the demand for British Columbia kraft pulp should increase at a faster rate than overall global demand. The overall growth rate for British Columbia kraft pulp is expected to continue close to its historic average annual rate of 16%. The growth in British Columbia however has characteristically run in cycles and the secondary trend has been accentuated by industry moods of optimism and pessimism. In the last two years pessimism resulting from over-supply has tempered the overall general growth and a trough in the cyclical pattern is forecast for 1970 or 1971. The market is currently firming; consequently construction and expansion of mills is expected to accelerate and a peak in capacity growth should occur in the latter portion of the five-year projection period. / Business, Sauder School of / Graduate

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Background: Root canal disinfection is an essential requirement for the success of regenerative endodontics. Currently, the so-called triple antibiotic paste (TAP) is considered the standard of care. Notwithstanding the good antimicrobial capacity, the high concentration of TAP has shown significant toxicity to human cells, especially dental pulp stem cells. A novel drug release system, i.e., a triple antibiotic paste-mimic electrospun scaffold containing low concentrations of the antibiotics present in the TAP, has emerged as an effective and reliable alternative to fight root canal infections without potential toxic effects on dental stem cells, which are an integral part of the regenerative treatment. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial efficacy of an innovative three-dimensional (3D) triple antibiotic paste-mimic tubular scaffold against Actinomyces naeslundii biofilm formed inside human root canal dentinal tubules. Materials and methods: Pure polydioxanone (PDS) polymer solution and PDS loaded with metronidazole, ciprofloxacin and minocycline (35 wt.% of each antibiotic, 3D-TAP-mimic scaffold) were spun into 3D fibrous scaffolds. A. naeslundii (ATCC 43146) was centrifuged to induce biofilm formation inside human root canal dentinal tubules using a dentin slice model (1 mm thickness and 2.5 mm canal diameter). The infected dentin slices were exposed to the 3D-TAP-mimic scaffold, TAP solution (50 mg/mL of each antibiotic), and antibiotic-free PDS. Biofilm elimination was quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Results: A dense penetration of A. naeslundii biofilm was observed by CLSM throughout the dentinal tubules. 3D-TAP-mimic scaffold significantly reduced the percentage of viable bacteria compared with PDS (p <.05). TAP solution completely eliminated viable bacteria without differing from 3D-TAP-mimic scaffolds. SEM images showed results similar to CLSM. Conclusion: Collectively, the proposed tubular 3D-TAP-mimic scaffold holds significant clinical potential for root canal disinfection strategy prior to regenerative endodontics.

No description available.

No description available.

Global concerns about declining resources and climate change mean that industries must do their best to use energy as efficiently as possible. Energy is also an important component of a modern economy. The pulp and paper industry is one of the most energy-intensive industries round the world. In this study energy efficiency opportunities in pulp drying machines are identified and the saving potential is then quantified. The methodology followed was based on comparison of energy saving technologies and practices such as Turbo Vacuum blowers, Shoe Press, Heat pump, Use of low pressure steam etc. The data used for the calculations was taken from the mill data records. Six energy efficiency improvement projects were identified. The total proposed energy saving potential in the two Drying Machines studied in the thesis is 10511 MWh. Installation of the shoe press shows the highest saving potential followed by the turbo vacuum blowers. Although the accuracy of the results is heavily dependent upon the accuracy of the data records from the case study mill. The proposed savings would act as a reference point and depending upon the estimated savings potential, would help the mill to identify areas, projects that need more detailed measurements for further action.

This thesis forms part of a project with the objective of developing and implementing a novel, wood-based, process for the industrial production of cellulose textile fibres. This new process should not only be cost effective but also have far less environmental impact then current processes. Natural and man-made fibres are usually plagued with problems (e.g. economic and environmental) and are unsuitable in meeting growing demands. The focus of this thesis was therefore to investigate the dissolution of cellulose derived from various pulps in novel aqueous solvent systems.             It was shown that cellulose could be dissolved in a NaOH/H2O solvent at low temperatures (&lt;0°C) and that such an alkaline solvent can be improved regarding the solubility, stability and rheological properties of the cellulose dopes formed if different additives (salts or amphiphilic molecules) are used. The effect of different kinds of pretreatment (individually and combined) and the influence of pulp properties on cellulose accessibility and dissolution were also evaluated. These pretreatments affected, as expected, some characteristic properties of the pulps mainly by reducing the DP but also, for example, changing the composition of the carbohydrates. Not only did the pretreatment affect the solubility it also increased the stability of the cellulose dopes, resembling the effect of chemical additives to the NaOH system. According to multivariate data analysis it was established that, of the pulp properties analyzed, only the composition of carbohydrates and the DP had a significant influence on the solubility of the pulps used in this study. Finally, it was emphasized that the dissolution of cellulose pulps seemed to be controlled by a very complex interaction between both kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. / CelluNova

Thesis (M.B.A.)--Boston University. Note: missing page 90. / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / 2031-01-01