Studies have highlighted the prevalence of sedentary behaviours in the university student population and have noted the significant potential for the promotion of physical activity in educational settings for young adults. Following the epidemiological procedure and ecological approach, the main purpose of this thesis focused on the university student population to review the previous research results by a systematic review method (first study), to compare the differences between UK and Taiwanese participants' and relevant effective variables by using a quantitative study method (second study), to have a deeper understanding of the Taiwanese university students' physical activity behaviours by using a qualitative study method (third study), then to evaluate the efficiency of designed interventions in university settings (fourth study). The whole thesis applied the ecological approach to classify the survey variables' effect to university students' physical activity behaviours. A total of 55 published papers were reviewed and majority of studies were conducted in the US using a cross-sectional design. Finding variables consistently related to university students physical activity level were female gender(-), attitude self-efficacy perceived barrier (-), family support (+), physical activity and sport history (+). These survey variables were more consistent in the literature and corresponded to previous adults' study. Some survey variables linked to university student were also found in the literature but still need more studies for this target population to come to a robust conclusion. Seven days recall design measurement and stage of changes survey for physical activity levels were more identified and have been more frequent using in the reviewed papers. Also, more studies on different ethnicity, environmental variables and intervention with different methodology such as qualitative study method are needed to enrich the knowledge of university's students' physical activity behaviours.

Although unilateral cochlear implants generally provide good speech understanding under quiet conditions, patients with unilateral cochlear implants frequently report difficulty in understanding speech in the presence of background noise and difficulty in localizing the source of sound. Since these two listening functions require binaural hearing in normal hearing individuals, there has been a growing interest in bilateral cochlear implants as intervention type for people with severe-to-profound bilateral hearing loss. This study investigated the outcomes of bilateral cochlear implants in all the adult recipients of the Pretoria Cochlear Implant Program. All the subjects with BCIs were asked to choose a significant other person to participate in the study. All the subjects (i.e. subjects with BCIs and their significant other people) were asked to participate in a semi-structured interview and to fill out a researcher-generated questionnaire. The subjects with BCIs also underwent audiometric testing. The majority of the subjects with BCIs were found to demonstrate improved ability to understand speech in the presence of background noise and, to some extent, in their ability to localize sound sources. As both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to determine the outcomes, it could be demonstrated that the majority of adult bilateral cochlear implant recipients gain from the auditory benefits in everyday listening situations. The majority of subjects and their significant other people conferred that their improved auditory skills allow them to be more participative in social, cultural, and other activities, which add to the quality of their lives. / Dissertation (MCommunication Pathology)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology / Unrestricted

The aim of my thesis, the proposal of the communication strategy of Brudra Ltd. company, is to analyze and consequently determine the process of creation of the promotional strategy for this company, which is not in place yet. In order to verify the public awareness of this company were used the questionnaires, the other part was checking the quality of services provided in a small detail shops belonging to the company with a method called Mystery shopping. As the outcome will be the merging of the results of the previous mentioned methods, thank to which we will be able to focus on the weak points and gaps in the promotion, followed by its cohesive and unification, including any possible recommendations. The proposal should serve as a sort of guide for setting up the marketing plan for the future.

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Title: The analysis of the fast counter - attack during the 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil Aims: The main aim of the thesis is to analyze all scored goals during the 2014 FIFA World Cup, which took place in Brazil. In total 64 matches were played there. The attention will be paid to players in offensive and defensive attacks, particularly during the fast counter - attack finished by goal. The next aim of the thesis is detailed analysis of all fast counter - attacks from a qualitative and quantitative points of view, especially the place of establishment, execution time of the attack and the number of players who participated in the match. The other aims of the thesis include to plot all goals from the fast counter - attack, describe action and find out the main mistakes. Methods: The main technique which is used for the data acquisition related to scored goal is the indirect observation. Successfully finished counter - attacks are analyzed from the two points of view, which are quantity and quality. The first one is dedicated to forms of attacks, the technique of kicking and to the numbers of players who participated. The quality research is focused on the analysis of scored goals after the fast counter - attack. Subsequently these situations are plotted and described. They also could be a specific...

This work discusses the pollination system of Clusia blattophila on the Nouragues inselberg in the central part of French Guiana. The pollination system is unique, because one of the pollinators is probably a cockroach species, Amazonina platystylata. It is the third, and the last known case of cockroach pollination. Flowers are also visited by crickets (Gryllidae), flies (Diptera) belonging to the families Hybotidae, Cecidomyiidae, Dolichopodidae, and some other arthropods. This work deals with the effectiveness of the pollination system and its two components. The quantitative component of the pollination effectiveness is characterized by the number of visits and visit duration. A qualitative characteristic of pollination is characterized by the number of pollen transferred by individual pollinator. To determine quantitative characteristics, ca. 450 hours of recordings were taken. From the recordings, it is apparent that cockroaches and dipterans occur on flowers more frequently, and also that cockroaches and crickets spends on flowers more time. To determine the quantitative characteristics, pollen load on stigma and insect was determined and an exclusion experiment was performed when only some floral visitors were allowed to touch the flowers. All experiments confirm that cockroach Amazonina...

This thesis describes research investigating the learning environment of tertiary students undertaking their studies through a mixture of online learning management systems and traditional tertiary classroom delivery. A review of the literature examined traditional learning environments, pure online virtual environments and more recent literature pertaining to a blended environment. The examination of student and staff perceptions of learning environments in different contexts served to generate recommendations to help tertiary teachers optimise online and traditional teaching practices within a mixed-mode environment. Students' experiences of their learning environment were discovered through quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitative data on students' experiences were gathered by using an adapted version of the Web-based Learning Environment Instrument (WEBLEI). Qualitative data on students' experiences were collected by discussion questions added to the WEBLEI survey. Qualitative data on the use of online and blended learning environment experiences by tertiary staff were gathered by email and supplementary interviews. The study synthesised results from these multiple sources within a tertiary institute environment and made recommendations and gave insight into optimal blended learning environments within the tertiary sector. Overall, the study provided a perspective on the psychology and strategic view of the learning environment for the future tertiary institute.

Muitos estudos dão suporte à idéia de que o capital humano possui um papel importante na determinação da taxa de crescimento econômico de uma região. Entretanto, é discutível a maneira como esse fator afeta o dinamismo econômico: se é diretamente, via o aumento da produtividade dos trabalhadores; se é através das novas inovações; ou indiretamente, por meio da difusão tecnológica. Além disso, alguns trabalhos vêm dando destaque quanto às diferenciações da ação do capital humano sobre a renda quando se considera os seus aspectos quantitativos e quando se leva em conta os seus aspectos qualitativos. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo é analisar a influência do capital humano na taxa de crescimento econômico per capita das microrregiões paranaenses, entre 1999 e 2006. Mais precisamente, buscou-se mensurar o estoque de capital humano em cada microrregião paranaense, caracterizando a sua distribuição espacial e a sua evolução, analisando as semelhanças existentes entre as microrregiões frente a essa variável. Em seguida, analisou-se a relação existente entre o capital humano e a taxa de crescimento econômico per capita, identificando os canais de sua ação e a importância das variáveis qualitativas e quantitativas do capital humano nesta relação. Como resultado, entre 1999 e 2006, o estoque de capital humano em todas as microrregiões se elevou, existindo ainda diferenças significativas, entretanto, essas diferenças se reduziram consideravelmente. Desse modo, num período de seis anos, houve um aumento significativo quanto a habilidade e o conhecimento dos paranaenses, principalmente no que concerne à qualidade desse capital humano formado. Na sequência, analisando-se a relação entre o capital humano das microrregiões e as suas taxas de crescimento do PIB per capita, observou-se que a sua ação não se dá por meio da criação de tecnologias. Indiretamente, via difusão de tecnologia, o seu efeito é percebido apenas quando se considera a qualidade do capital humano. Diretamente, por meio do aumento das habilidades e capacitações dos agentes envolvidos na produção, a sua ação também é captada, entretanto, apenas quando se leva em conta a qualidade da força de trabalho ou quando se considera a qualidade e a quantidade de capital humano em conjunto, ou seja, a quantidade, por si só, não afeta a taxa de crescimento do PIB per capita das microrregiões paranaenses. / Many studies support the idea that the human capital has an important role in the assessment of economic growth in a region. Although, it is questionable how this factor affects the economic dynamism: if it is direct, through the raise of workers’ productivity or through new innovations; or indirectly, by the technological diffusion. Moreover, some papers focus on the differences of human capital actions on the income considering quantitative aspects and considering qualitative aspects. In this context, the objective of this study is to analyze the influence of human capital in the economic growth per capita of the Parana’s micro regions between 1999 and 2006. More precisely, we attempted to measure the stock of human capital in each micro region of Parana, characterizing the spatial distribution and its evolution, analyzing the similarities among these micro regions according to this variable. Next, we studied the relationship between human capital and economic growth rate per capita, identifying the channels of their action and the importance of the qualitative and quantitative human capital in this relationship. As result, between 1999 and 2006, the stock of human capital in all the regions rose, and there are significant differences, however, these differences were considerably reduced. Thus, during a period of six years, there was a significant increase on the skill and knowledge of Parana, especially when we talk about the quality of human capital that was formed. After analyzing the relationship between human capital for the micro and its growth rates of GDP per capita, we found that its action does not occur through the creation of technologies. Indirectly, via diffusion of technology, its effect is just seen when one considers the quality of human capital. Directly, by increasing the skills and capabilities of those involved in the production, its action is also captured, however, only when one takes into account the quality of the workforce or when considering the quality and quantity of human capital together, i.e. the amount by itself does not affect the growth rate of GDP per capita of micro regions of Parana.

Muitos estudos dão suporte à idéia de que o capital humano possui um papel importante na determinação da taxa de crescimento econômico de uma região. Entretanto, é discutível a maneira como esse fator afeta o dinamismo econômico: se é diretamente, via o aumento da produtividade dos trabalhadores; se é através das novas inovações; ou indiretamente, por meio da difusão tecnológica. Além disso, alguns trabalhos vêm dando destaque quanto às diferenciações da ação do capital humano sobre a renda quando se considera os seus aspectos quantitativos e quando se leva em conta os seus aspectos qualitativos. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo é analisar a influência do capital humano na taxa de crescimento econômico per capita das microrregiões paranaenses, entre 1999 e 2006. Mais precisamente, buscou-se mensurar o estoque de capital humano em cada microrregião paranaense, caracterizando a sua distribuição espacial e a sua evolução, analisando as semelhanças existentes entre as microrregiões frente a essa variável. Em seguida, analisou-se a relação existente entre o capital humano e a taxa de crescimento econômico per capita, identificando os canais de sua ação e a importância das variáveis qualitativas e quantitativas do capital humano nesta relação. Como resultado, entre 1999 e 2006, o estoque de capital humano em todas as microrregiões se elevou, existindo ainda diferenças significativas, entretanto, essas diferenças se reduziram consideravelmente. Desse modo, num período de seis anos, houve um aumento significativo quanto a habilidade e o conhecimento dos paranaenses, principalmente no que concerne à qualidade desse capital humano formado. Na sequência, analisando-se a relação entre o capital humano das microrregiões e as suas taxas de crescimento do PIB per capita, observou-se que a sua ação não se dá por meio da criação de tecnologias. Indiretamente, via difusão de tecnologia, o seu efeito é percebido apenas quando se considera a qualidade do capital humano. Diretamente, por meio do aumento das habilidades e capacitações dos agentes envolvidos na produção, a sua ação também é captada, entretanto, apenas quando se leva em conta a qualidade da força de trabalho ou quando se considera a qualidade e a quantidade de capital humano em conjunto, ou seja, a quantidade, por si só, não afeta a taxa de crescimento do PIB per capita das microrregiões paranaenses. / Many studies support the idea that the human capital has an important role in the assessment of economic growth in a region. Although, it is questionable how this factor affects the economic dynamism: if it is direct, through the raise of workers’ productivity or through new innovations; or indirectly, by the technological diffusion. Moreover, some papers focus on the differences of human capital actions on the income considering quantitative aspects and considering qualitative aspects. In this context, the objective of this study is to analyze the influence of human capital in the economic growth per capita of the Parana’s micro regions between 1999 and 2006. More precisely, we attempted to measure the stock of human capital in each micro region of Parana, characterizing the spatial distribution and its evolution, analyzing the similarities among these micro regions according to this variable. Next, we studied the relationship between human capital and economic growth rate per capita, identifying the channels of their action and the importance of the qualitative and quantitative human capital in this relationship. As result, between 1999 and 2006, the stock of human capital in all the regions rose, and there are significant differences, however, these differences were considerably reduced. Thus, during a period of six years, there was a significant increase on the skill and knowledge of Parana, especially when we talk about the quality of human capital that was formed. After analyzing the relationship between human capital for the micro and its growth rates of GDP per capita, we found that its action does not occur through the creation of technologies. Indirectly, via diffusion of technology, its effect is just seen when one considers the quality of human capital. Directly, by increasing the skills and capabilities of those involved in the production, its action is also captured, however, only when one takes into account the quality of the workforce or when considering the quality and quantity of human capital together, i.e. the amount by itself does not affect the growth rate of GDP per capita of micro regions of Parana.

Muitos estudos dão suporte à idéia de que o capital humano possui um papel importante na determinação da taxa de crescimento econômico de uma região. Entretanto, é discutível a maneira como esse fator afeta o dinamismo econômico: se é diretamente, via o aumento da produtividade dos trabalhadores; se é através das novas inovações; ou indiretamente, por meio da difusão tecnológica. Além disso, alguns trabalhos vêm dando destaque quanto às diferenciações da ação do capital humano sobre a renda quando se considera os seus aspectos quantitativos e quando se leva em conta os seus aspectos qualitativos. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo é analisar a influência do capital humano na taxa de crescimento econômico per capita das microrregiões paranaenses, entre 1999 e 2006. Mais precisamente, buscou-se mensurar o estoque de capital humano em cada microrregião paranaense, caracterizando a sua distribuição espacial e a sua evolução, analisando as semelhanças existentes entre as microrregiões frente a essa variável. Em seguida, analisou-se a relação existente entre o capital humano e a taxa de crescimento econômico per capita, identificando os canais de sua ação e a importância das variáveis qualitativas e quantitativas do capital humano nesta relação. Como resultado, entre 1999 e 2006, o estoque de capital humano em todas as microrregiões se elevou, existindo ainda diferenças significativas, entretanto, essas diferenças se reduziram consideravelmente. Desse modo, num período de seis anos, houve um aumento significativo quanto a habilidade e o conhecimento dos paranaenses, principalmente no que concerne à qualidade desse capital humano formado. Na sequência, analisando-se a relação entre o capital humano das microrregiões e as suas taxas de crescimento do PIB per capita, observou-se que a sua ação não se dá por meio da criação de tecnologias. Indiretamente, via difusão de tecnologia, o seu efeito é percebido apenas quando se considera a qualidade do capital humano. Diretamente, por meio do aumento das habilidades e capacitações dos agentes envolvidos na produção, a sua ação também é captada, entretanto, apenas quando se leva em conta a qualidade da força de trabalho ou quando se considera a qualidade e a quantidade de capital humano em conjunto, ou seja, a quantidade, por si só, não afeta a taxa de crescimento do PIB per capita das microrregiões paranaenses. / Many studies support the idea that the human capital has an important role in the assessment of economic growth in a region. Although, it is questionable how this factor affects the economic dynamism: if it is direct, through the raise of workers’ productivity or through new innovations; or indirectly, by the technological diffusion. Moreover, some papers focus on the differences of human capital actions on the income considering quantitative aspects and considering qualitative aspects. In this context, the objective of this study is to analyze the influence of human capital in the economic growth per capita of the Parana’s micro regions between 1999 and 2006. More precisely, we attempted to measure the stock of human capital in each micro region of Parana, characterizing the spatial distribution and its evolution, analyzing the similarities among these micro regions according to this variable. Next, we studied the relationship between human capital and economic growth rate per capita, identifying the channels of their action and the importance of the qualitative and quantitative human capital in this relationship. As result, between 1999 and 2006, the stock of human capital in all the regions rose, and there are significant differences, however, these differences were considerably reduced. Thus, during a period of six years, there was a significant increase on the skill and knowledge of Parana, especially when we talk about the quality of human capital that was formed. After analyzing the relationship between human capital for the micro and its growth rates of GDP per capita, we found that its action does not occur through the creation of technologies. Indirectly, via diffusion of technology, its effect is just seen when one considers the quality of human capital. Directly, by increasing the skills and capabilities of those involved in the production, its action is also captured, however, only when one takes into account the quality of the workforce or when considering the quality and quantity of human capital together, i.e. the amount by itself does not affect the growth rate of GDP per capita of micro regions of Parana.