Business decisions are increasingly being made in the higher education institution (HEI) based on their impact to university rankings, sometimes to the detriment of the HEI mission. HEIs are not homogenous, and rankings are inadequate on their own in capturing HEI excellence. This dissertation took a three-pronged approach in addressing quality and excellence in the HEI. First, a case study adapted the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) for a Financial Aid office in a public HEI, illustrating that, with a few modifications, the BSC is an appropriate and holistic approach to addressing quality in the HEI. The primary modification was to place mission at the top of the BSC, reflecting that each of the strategic objectives should be made with mission in mind. Next, survey methods were used to gain insight from upper administrators at public four-year HEIs regarding perceived quality factors. According to survey results, respondents rated Graduation and Retention as the most important indicator of quality. These results were further used to calculate weights of importance for each quality factor, further comparing these weighted factors to methodologies of three rankings systems, and found that the perceived quality factors identified by the respondents did not align with rankings methodologies. Finally, historical data was used to consider which HEIs moved most in their U.S. News and World Report (USNWR) rankings and peer scores. Higher-ranked HEIs were found to have less movement, and lower-ranked HEIs had more movement. Peer scores were found to be variable, although only by incremental amounts. Multiple regression analysis was used to compare USNWR rankings and objective data from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) and Top American Research Universities (TARU) publication, finding graduation rate to have the strongest relationship with rankings. Ultimately, the wise HEI will find an appropriate mix of aiming for higher rankings and a focus on its mission, and ideally both would be in alignment.

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In this study 64 web based services (bibliographical, patron education, patron communication and patron publication services) and best practices offered by the 70 top world university libraries and 39 top Indian University libraries were studied using different data analysis techniques like cross-tabulating for average scores and Pearson correlation coefficient and tests like Chi-Square Test and T-Test were applied to the raw data collected for final results. The library rankings as per their web-based services were correlated with their university rankings as per Webometric rankings and found that library web-based services rankings are correlating with their university rankings. Therefore, developing countries like India should improve their library web-based services rankings to improve their rankings at global level. / Doctor of Philosophy

La universidad, en tanto que institución milenaria, tiene una influencia y peso en la sociedad actual incuestionable. Una influencia tanto activa (en su vertiente formadora de futuros profesionales y ciudadanos, y de generación de nuevo conocimiento e investigación) como pasiva (debido a sus enormes necesidades de financiación). Este peso e influencia de las universidades en la sociedad marcan la necesidad de establecer mecanismos y procedimientos para analizar su rendimiento, eficiencia y eficacia como institución, así como de instrumentos para visualizar adecuadamente este rendimiento, todo ello en el contexto de una sociedad marcada por la gestión y transferencia masiva de información a través de las redes de comunicación. Se vislumbran por tanto 3 líneas de investigación complementarias: el análisis de la universidad, su rendimiento (explicitado por el rastro digital que ésta genera y las técnicas existentes para cuantificarlo), y la visualización de este rendimiento, donde la técnica de ranking es la más extendida dado el impacto que su formato genera en los usuarios. Además, la naturaleza sistémica de la universidad determina, complica y acota cada una de estas áreas. La presente tesis doctoral pretende por tanto explorar las capacidades que la cibermetría (renombrada en este trabajo como redinformetría) proporciona para analizar, desde un punto de vista sistémico, las universidades del sistema español, con el propósito de obtener nuevo conocimiento acerca del rendimiento de éstas que permita la construcción futura de rankings sistémicos de universidades. Para ello, en primer lugar se ofrece un estado de la cuestión enfocado en las 3 principales líneas de trabajo (universidad, ranking y cibermetría), con el objetivo de ofrecer un marco de trabajo exhaustivo y crítico. Tras la parte introductoria, se propone un modelo de análisis redinformétrico multinivel de universidades que facilite la obtención de información estructurada, y que permita su posterior utilización en el diseño y elaboración de rankings web de universidades. Este modelo de análisis se basa en el establecimiento de 3 niveles (institucional, externo y satélite) y dos subniveles (contorno e interno). Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el modelo de análisis propuesto, basado en niveles (institucional, externo y satélite) y subniveles (contorno y unidad) es sencillo, independiente de técnica y proporciona información estructurada que permite un análisis completo de cada institución. / Orduña Malea, E. (2012). Propuesta de un modelo de análisis redinformétrico multinivel para el estudio sistémico de las universidades españolas (2010) [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/14420

The purpose of the study was to find the best prediction models of short-term bank CD ratings using financial variables. This study used short-term bank CD ratings assigned by Moody's and Standard and Poor's.

This dissertation examines the reaction of common stock prices to the announcement of changes in bond ratings by Moody's Bond Service, while having a control for differential information availability. The Institutional Brokers Estimate System (I/B/E/S) number of security analysts and coefficient of variation of earning per share (EPS) estimates are used as a proxy for information availability of the firms. Past studies differs in their conclusions as to whether the market has responded to announcement of bond rating changes. None of past studies have controlled for differential information availability. This study, using daily stock returns data and the event study methodology with the statistical test, finds that while the sample of rating downgrades exhibit significantly negative abnormal price effect during the announcement period, the magnitude of this effect is significantly higher for firms with low information availability. For the rating upgrades, the sample as a whole has no abnormal announcement period returns, but the sample of firms with lower information earns significantly positive abnormal returns. This study provides support for the hypothesis that the announcement effect of bond-rating changes is conditional on the information available about the firm.

Submitted by Odilio Hilario Moreira Júnior (odilio@espm.br) on 2016-11-30T13:30:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Rosilene Carla Vieira.pdf: 1663559 bytes, checksum: b8291983569c105573eb9c5c8a305897 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Odilio Hilario Moreira Júnior (odilio@espm.br) on 2016-11-30T13:30:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Rosilene Carla Vieira.pdf: 1663559 bytes, checksum: b8291983569c105573eb9c5c8a305897 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Debora Cristina Bonfim Aquarone (deborabonfim@espm.br) on 2016-11-30T14:36:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Rosilene Carla Vieira.pdf: 1663559 bytes, checksum: b8291983569c105573eb9c5c8a305897 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-30T14:36:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rosilene Carla Vieira.pdf: 1663559 bytes, checksum: b8291983569c105573eb9c5c8a305897 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-12 / Education is a topic which is constantly in evidence on the international agenda. Since the level of education attained by the society is linked to economic development, political maturity, raising the quality of lifestyle and so on. From the 1990s on, it is observed that the education gained increasingly importance on the agenda of: multilateral agencies (UNESCO, OECD , WTO among others), the federal government from central and semi-peripheral countries, the companies benefited by the knowledge economy, the means of the dissemination of academic knowledge and the media as whole. It is estimated that "the Global higher education capacity is projected to increase over 150% in the first quarter of the 21st century" (Hudzik, 2013, p.52). In an environment in which predominates the competition, comparative methodologies (global academic rankings – ARWU, THE and QS – and the national system of postgraduate studies of CAPES) are used as academic management tools in order to build up strategies to enhance legitimacy of research programs and universities in the international scenario. In this direction that this qualitative study of an exploratory nature lends itself to contribute to. It is based on investigating the possible type of relation between the criteria of the indicators of such rankings mentioned and the national system of pos-graduate CAPES to go up the internationalization of research programs in Brazil. Thus, the Institutionalism was the theoretical framework that guided the understanding of this study. Regarding the documentary research, the materials related to the indicators of rating criteria adopted by CAPES in the allocation of Grade 7 to the program of post- graduate studies in Business Administration were analysed thoroughly. The empirical part was based on semi-structured interviews given by international faculties with experience in academic management of universities who excel in the international scenario. The findings revealed a strong relationship between the indicator criteria regarding the quality of faculty and scientific productivity of global academic rankings and CAPES’ evaluation system. What proved, being national or global, comparative methodologies follow¸ as deliberative strategies in the late twentieth century, Anglo–Saxon standards lined the reductionism of academic quality in the context of research and publication to what is quantitative. / A Educação é um tema que está permanentemente na agenda mundial, afinal o nível de instrução alcançado por determinada sociedade sinaliza desenvolvimento econômico, amadurecimento político, elevação da qualidade de vida etc. Da década de 1990 em diante, observa-se que a Educação ganha crescente espaço na agenda das agências multilaterais (Unesco, OCDE, OMC, entre outras), do Governo federal de países centrais e semiperiféricos, das empresas favorecidas pela economia do conhecimento, dos veículos de difusão de conhecimento acadêmico e da mídia em geral. A previsão é que “a capacidade do ensino superior global cresça mais que 150% no primeiro triênio do século XXI” (HUDZIK, 2013, p. 52). Em um ambiente em que resida a competição, métodos avaliatório comparativos (rankings acadêmicos globais pioneiros – ARWU, THE e QS – e sistema nacional de pós-graduação stricto sensu da CAPES) são utilizados como ferramentas de gestão acadêmica na adoção de estratégias para intensificar a legitimidade dos programas stricto sensu e das universidades na esfera internacional. É nessa direção que este estudo de abordagem qualitativa de caráter exploratório se presta a contribuir, baseando-se no exercício de investigar o tipo de relação possível entre os critérios dos indicadores norteadores dos referidos rankings e do sistema nacional de pós-graduação da CAPES para intensificar a internacionalização dos programas stricto sensu no Brasil. Para tanto, o Institucionalismo foi o arcabouço teórico que norteou a compreensão deste. No que diz respeito ao levantamento documental, os materiais relativos aos critérios dos indicadores da avalição adotados pela CAPES na atribuição da Nota 7 para o programa de pós-graduação stricto sensu em Administração foram meticulosamente explorados. A pesquisa de campo baseou-se em entrevistas semiestruturadas concedidas por acadêmicos internacionais com experiência em gestão acadêmica de universidades que se destacam na arena internacional. Os resultados revelaram forte relação entre os critérios de indicadores referentes à qualidade do corpo docente e à produtividade científica dos respectivos instrumentos avaliatórios estudados. O que comprovou que, nacionais ou globais, os mecanismos avaliatórios comparativos seguem¸ como estratégias deliberativas no final do século XX, padrões, no caso, anglo-saxônicos pautados no reducionismo da qualidade acadêmica em âmbito de pesquisa e publicação ao que é quantificável.

Seeking to identify and further understand the variables considered when ranking specialty programs in colleges of education, this research study surveyed all deans, and associate deans responsible for graduate education, at United States institutions that offer the terminal degree in at least one of the ten education specialty areas. The study utilized a three-dimension model of brand equity from the marketing literature, which included the elaboration likelihood model of persuasion. Descriptive statistics determined that research by the faculty of the specialty program is the variable most widely considered by deans and associate deans when determining reputation. In order to determine what predicts a person's motivation to correctly rank programs, a principal components analysis was utilized as a data reduction technique, with parallel analysis determining component retention. The model identified five components which explained 66.224% of total variance. A multiple regression analysis determined that characteristics of a specialty program was the only statistically significant predictor component of motivation to correctly rank programs (β = .317, p = .008, rs2 = .865); however, a large squared structure coefficient was observed on perceived quality (rs2 = .623). Using descriptive discriminant analyses, the study found there is little evidence that marketing efforts have differing effects on groups. Further, a canonical correlation analysis that examined the overall picture of advertising on different groups was not statistically significant at F (15, 271) = .907, p = .557, and had a relatively small effect size (Rc2 = .099).

Tesis por compendio / [ES] La presente Tesis Doctoral, desarrollada a modo de compendio de cuatro publicaciones, tiene como objeto el valor de las marcas del sector de las nuevas tecnologías y la sostenibilidad de las empresas propietarias de dichas marcas. En las dos primeras publicaciones se desarrollan modelos matemáticos de estimación del valor de marca, utilizando únicamente la información económico-financiera de las empresas. En la tercera publicación se analiza el grado de similitud de los rankings de sostenibilidad de acceso abierto más importantes que han aparecido en la última década, para determinar si incorporan de facto las marcas mejor valoradas del sector tecnológico. Y, por último, en la cuarta publicación se desarrollan modelos matemáticos que explican diferentes tipos de resultados de las empresas en función de la transparencia en materia de sostenibilidad de las compañías propietarias de las marcas. En las cuatro publicaciones presentadas, la muestra es común y está formada por un total de trece marcas del sector tecnológico: Accenture, Apple, Cisco, Facebook, Google, HP, IBM, Intel, Microsoft, Oracle, Samsung, SAP y Sony. Estas marcas son las mejor valoradas del sector de la tecnología en el periodo 2000-2018 según los rankings internacionales de valoración de marcas (Interbrand, Brand Finance y Millward Brown), y han permanecido en el Top-100 de al menos dos de dichos rankings en dicho periodo. Las conclusiones generales de nuestra investigación permiten confirmar que la información económico-financiera es importante para explicar el valor de las marcas de las empresas tecnológicas. Concretamente, únicamente con el resultado neto de las empresas se explica cerca del 60% del valor de marca proporcionado por los rankings internacionales. Si al resultado neto, se añade la cotización bursátil de las empresas propietarias de las marcas, se llega a explicar el 80% del valor de las marcas. Y si, por último, se añaden un conjunto de variables económico-financieras, el valor de marca se aproxima al 90%. De estos resultados, se puede deducir que la proporción restante del valor de marca, entre el 10% y el 40%, (en función de las variables que se incluyan en los modelos), es explicada por la fortaleza de la marca. Esta Tesis también evidencia, tanto las diferencias significativas entre las valoraciones de marca proporcionadas por las consultoras de valoración de marcas, como las diferencias entre las valoraciones de sostenibilidad proporcionadas por los rankings de RSC de acceso abierto, y al mismo tiempo, las diferencias entre ambos tipos de valoraciones; ya que, las empresas con las marcas más reconocidas mundialmente, no son las que mayor conciencia socio-ambiental tienen. Por último, se observa que las grandes empresas son más transparentes en términos de sostenibilidad, pero esta transparencia apenas se relaciona con otros resultados económicos como el incremento de los activos, de los ingresos, el apalancamiento, el ROE o el ROA. Además, se muestra que los tres pilares de la RSC son utilizados por las consultoras para determinar el valor de marca, mientras que los rankings de RSC solo utilizan la transparencia en los aspectos sociales y ambientales. / [CA] La present Tesi Doctoral, desenvolupada com un compendi de quatre publicacions, té com a objecte el valor de les marques del sector de les noves tecnologies i la sostenibilitat de les empreses propietàries d'aquestes marques. En les dos primeres publicacions es desenvolupen models matemàtics d'estimació del valor de marca, utilitzant únicament la informació económico-financera de les empreses. En la tercera publicació s'analitza el grau de similitud dels rànquings de sostenibilitat d'accés obert més importants que han aparegut en l'última dècada, per a determinar si incorporen de facto les marques millors valorades del sector tecnològic. I, finalment, en la quarta publicació es desevolupen models matemàtics que expliquen diferents tipus de resultats de les empreses en funció de la transparència en matèria de sostenibilitat de les companyies propietàries de les marques. En les quatre publicacions presentades, la mostra és comú i està formada per un total de tretze marques del sector tecnològic: Accenture, Apple, Cisco, Facebook, Google, HP, IBM, Intel, Microsoft, Oracle, Samsung, SAP i Sony. Aquestes marques són les millor valorades del sector de la tecnologia en el període 2000-2018 segons els rànquings internacionals de valoració de marques (Interbrand, Brand Finance i Millward Brown), i han estat al Top-100 en almenys dos d'aquestos rànquins en eixe període. Les conclusions generals de la nostra investigació permeten confirmar que la informació económico-financera és important per explicar el valor de les marques de les empreses tecnològiques. Concretament, sols amb el resultat net de les empreses s'explica prop del 60% del valor de marca proporcionat pels rànquings internacionals. Si al resultat net, s'afig la cotització borsària de les empreses propietàries de les marques, s'arriba a explicar el 80% del valor de les marques. I si, finalment, s'afigen un conjunt de variables económico-financeres, el valor de marca s'aproxima al 90%. D'aquestos resultats, es pot deduir que la proporció restant del valor de marca, entre el 10% i el 40%, (en funció de les variables que s'incloguen en als models), és explicada per la fortalesa de la marca. Aquesta Tesi també evidencia, tant les diferències significatives entre les valoracions de marca proporcionades per les consultores de valoració de marques, com les diferències entre les valoracions de sostenibilitat proporcionades pels rànquings de RSC d'accés obert, i al mateix temps, les diferències entre ambdós tipus de valoracions; ja que, les empreses amb les marques més reconegudes mundialment, no són les que major consciència socioambiental tenen. Finalment, s'observa que les grans empreses són més transparents en termes de sostenibilitat, però aquesta transparència només es relaciona amb altres resultats econòmics com l'increment dels actius, dels ingressos, l'apalacament, el ROE o el ROA. A més, es mostra que els tres pilars de la RSC són utilitzats per les consultores per determinar el valor de marca, mentre que els rànquings de RSC només utilitzen la transparència en els aspectes socials i ambientals. / [EN] This PhD Thesis, developed as a compendium of four publications, aims at the value of brands in the new technology sector and the sustainability of the companies that own these brands. In the first two publications, mathematical models for estimating brand value are developed, using only the economic-financial information of the companies. The third publication analyzes the degree of similarity of the most important open access sustainability rankings that have emerged in the last decade, to determine if they incorporate de facto the best valued brands in the technology sector. And finally, in the fourth publication, mathematical models are developed to explain different types of business results based on transparency in terms of sustainability of the companies that own the brands. In the four publications presented, the sample is common and consists of a total of thirteen brands in the technology sector: Accenture, Apple, Cisco, Facebook, Google, HP, IBM, Intel, Microsoft, Oracle, Samsung, SAP and Sony. These brands are the best valued in the technology sector in the 2000-2018 period according to the international brand valuation rankings (Interbrand, Brand Finance and Millward Brown), and have remained in the Top-100 of at least two of these rankings in that period. The general conclusions of our research allow us to confirm that economic-financial information is important to explain the value of the brands of technology companies. Specifically, 60% of the brand value is explained by the net results of the companies, this percentage rises up to 80% when the stock price of the company is added to the net results as explanatory variable of the brand values. Finally, the brand value is explained nearby to 90% when a set of economic-financial variables are added. From these results, it can be deduced that the remaining proportion of the brand value, between 10% and 40%, (depending on the variables included in the models), is explained by the strength of the brand. This thesis also evidences, both the significant differences between the brand valuations provided by the brand valuation consultancy agencies, but also the differences between the sustainability valuations provided by the open access CSR rankings; in addition, the thesis shows the existing differences between these two types of valuations. Thus, companies with the most recognized brands worldwide are not the ones with the highest socio-environmental awareness. Finally, it is observed that large companies are more transparent in terms of sustainability, but this transparency is hardly related to other economic results such as the increase in assets, income, leverage, ROE or ROA. In addition, it is shown that the three pillars of the RSC are employed by the consultancy agencies to determine the brand value, while the CSR rankings only provide transparency in social and environmental aspects. / Alcaide González, MÁ. (2020). Modelos de valoración de marcas del sector tecnológico y la responsabilidad social corporativa [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/139141 / Compendio