Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:03:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RafaelTK.pdf: 4947639 bytes, checksum: b0c9b4c48d718068bc5e78a7565840ba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-09-11 / Urban growth of metropolitan areas has produced impacts of considerable importance on environment and water resources. Such impacts are in general associated with human activities, such as basin area uncontrolled development. In this context, Pitimbu river watershed, located at Natal metropolitan area, has been affected by uncontrolled development caused by urban expansion. Indeed, such effects have been reflected on water quantity and quality, which may produce social consequences. Pitimbu river is an important water supplier for human consumption, actually supplying a 2600 m3/h water discharge. This study aims to analyze the qualitative and quantitative aspects of water and sediment on Pitimbu river lowland portion. For this purpose, physical-chemical water properties were analyzed, and sediment macro invertebrates benthonic were monitored in two cross sections in a period between November 8th, 2007 and October 3rd, 2008. Monitoring methodology consisted of water and sediment sampling for laboratory analysis. Water quality analysis included Dissolved Oxygen, Oxygen Biochemical Demand, Nitrate, pH and Alkalinity, Suspended and Total Solids. The analysis of heavy metals in the sediment included Cadmium, Cobalt, Copper, Chrome, Silver and Nickel. Dry season water discharge data were measured and used to adjust recession function parameters, whose values reveal quick recession and strong river-aquifer unconfined interaction. Water quality analysis revealed the absence of degradation by organic composites. However, DO and BOD levels indicate that more consistent results could be provided if sampling time interval were reduced. Biomonitoring showed signs of aquatic ecosystem degradation by the absence of sensitive and abundance of resistant benthic organisms. Obtained results demonstrate the urgent need of effective management measures to provide environmental protection. The increase of environmental degradation will certainly make impracticable the use of water for human consumption / A expans?o urbana das regi?es metropolitanas tem produzido impactos negativos de grande import?ncia no meio ambiente e nos recursos h?dricos. Esses impactos est?o relacionados com as atividades antr?picas na bacia hidrogr?fica, refletidas no descontrole do uso e ocupa??o do solo. Nesse contexto, a Bacia Hidrogr?fica do rio Pitimbu, situada na regi?o metropolitana de Natal, tem sido objeto de ocupa??o desordenada, motivada pela expans?o urbana. Os efeitos dessa ocupa??o tem se refletido na qualidade e quantidade da ?gua desse rio, com conseq??ncias sociais importantes. O rio Pitimbu ? manancial de abastecimento, suprindo atualmente uma vaz?o de 2600 m3/h. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar aspectos quali-quantitativos da ?gua e do sedimento no baixo curso do rio Pitimbu. Para isso, foram realizadas an?lises f?sico-qu?micas da ?gua e biomonitoramento envolvendo macro-invertebrados bent?nicos em duas se??es transversais no per?odo de 8/11/2007 a 3/10/2008. O monitoramento consistiu na coleta de amostras da ?gua e do sedimento fluvial e posterior analise em laborat?rio. Foram analisados Oxig?nio Dissolvido, Demanda Bioqu?mica de Oxig?nio, Nitrato, pH, Alcalinidade, S?lidos Suspensos e Totais, al?m dos teores de C?dmio, Cobalto, Cobre, Cromo, Prata e N?quel. O monitoramento da descarga l?quida no per?odo seco permitiu o ajuste dos par?metros da fun??o de recess?o, demonstrando recess?o r?pida com forte intera??o rio-aqu?fero n?o confinado. A an?lise da qualidade da ?gua revelou aus?ncia de degrada??o por subst?ncias org?nicas. Apesar disso, os n?veis de OD e DBO indicam que resultados mais conclusivos poderiam ser obtidos se o intervalo entre coletas fosse reduzido. O biomonitoramento revelou sinais de degrada??o do ecossistema aqu?tico pela aus?ncia de bent?nicos sens?veis e abund?ncia de resistentes. Os resultados obtidos demonstram a necessidade de que sejam adotadas medidas eficientes de gerenciamento que resultem na prote??o ambiental na bacia. O aumento do n?vel de degrada??o inviabilizar? o uso da ?gua para consumo humano no futuro

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:30:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eudivar Correia de Farias Neto_DISSERT.pdf: 1661843 bytes, checksum: 00073311cd74dc1565ed066097489ecc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-07-27 / This study clinically evaluated the relationship of gingival recessions with the periodontal index of gingival and plaque, dental alignment, keratinized mocous, type of periodontal, and occlusal disorders. Study participants were individuals aged between 19 and 33 years. The evaluations were performed by using questionnaires and clinical examinations. In subjects examined, the teeth were assessed and divided into groups (Molars, premolars, canines and incisors). The gingival recession were measured in the central region of the teeth and individuals were subject to disclosure to the plate and observing the poll of plaque and gingival index, respectively. 558 teeth were examined, with 24.1%, 135 had gingival recession greater than or equal to 1mm. Through the combination of tests used to evaluate the average of the recession and its relationship with the variables studied, we observed that the degree of recession of the elements assessed dental showed, almost for the most part, when higher values associated with the index plaque (p = 0.101), Gingival Index (p = 0.053), dental alignment (p = 0.962), width of keratinized mocous (p = 0.004) and type of periodontium (p = 0.033), however statistically significant difference could only be considered when related the recessions in the keratinized mocous and the type of the periodontium. Although we identify, when we evaluate the whole set of teeth that occlusal disturbances (p = 0.002) were more strongly associated with cases of gum recession that the gingival index (p = 0.006), however, these two conditions were correlated with the cases of recession, contributing to its occurrence / Este trabalho avaliou clinicamente a rela??o das recess?es gengivais com o ?ndice de placa, ?ndice gengival, alinhamento dental, mucosa ceratinizada, tipo de periodonto, e dist?rbios oclusais. Participaram do estudo indiv?duos com idades variando entre 19 e 33 anos. As avalia??es foram realizadas utilizando-se question?rios e exames cl?nicos. Nos indiv?duos examinados, os dentes foram avaliados e divididos por grupos (Molares, pr?molares, caninos e incisivos). As recess?es gengivais foram mensuradas na regi?o central dos dentes e os indiv?duos foram submetidos ? evidencia??o de placa e sondagem para observa??o dos ?ndices de placa e gengival, respectivamente. Foram examinados 558 dentes, sendo que 24,1%, isto ?, 135 apresentavam recess?o gengival maior ou igual a 1mm. Por meio dos testes de associa??o utilizados para avalia??o da m?dia das recess?es e sua rela??o com as vari?veis pesquisadas, observou-se que o grau de recess?o dos elementos dent?rios avaliados apresentaram, quase que em sua maioria, valores m?dios maiores quando associados ao ?ndice de Placa (p=0,101), ?ndice de Gengival (p=0,053), alinhamento dent?rio (p=0,962), largura da mucosa ceratinizada (p=0,004) e tipo de periodonto (p=0,033), no entanto diferen?a estatisticamente significante s? p?de ser considerada quando relacionamos as recess?es com a mucosa ceratinizada e com o tipo do periodonto. Ainda foi poss?vel identificar, quando avaliamos todo o conjunto dos dentes que os dist?rbios oclusais (p=0,002) estiveram mais fortemente associados aos casos de recess?o gengival que o ?ndice gengival (p=0,006), no entanto, essas duas condi??es se mostraram correlacionadas com os casos de recess?o, contribuindo na sua ocorr?ncia