Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:03:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DiogenesSS.pdf: 1719000 bytes, checksum: 8997319b45bbf199dededff296b5f583 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-05 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The Pitimbu River Basin is concern reason, therefore this is one of the mains freshwater sources for the Natal city supplying. The Pitimbu waters river flow into Jiqui pond, as the main supplier of this, that supplies 16% of Natal population and there is a bigger importance despite the supplying of a parcel of Natal city made joining underground waters with the water proceeding from the Jiqui pond, being used for dilution waters of contaminated wells with nitrate. Even with the importance of the Pitimbu, there is a strong pressure of occupation of its edge according to a critical urban growth, becoming the situation worse and increasing the necessity of management of the use and occupation of the ground and keeping the control of the prompt pollution, as punctual as diffuse. There are many studies about Pitimbu River Basin, however they summarize themselves to some months or even in a few years. This work, that gathers these information, increasing the amplitude and making possible an evaluation of the attitude of the water in a period extended for an evaluation of values of variable quality of water referring to the standards, that usually happens about the variable frequency distribution, central tendency and measures of dispersion, as the coefficient of variation, coefficient of skewness and the coefficient of determination of certain variable on another one. This work to evaluates the quality conditions of the Pitimbu river waters by analyzing thirty five (35) variables Physical, chemical and biological in eight (8) points of water course since 1993 to 2007. Given this situation, all knowledge about the waters quality conditions obtained in this work, is a strong subsidy for management of use and ground occupation, considering the river basin as territorial unit of management, and as the water is public good domain, being a priority human use, It is necessary to guarantee to current and the future generations available water resources in appropriate standards of quality as the established standard and identifying possible reasons of pollution through statistics analysis / A bacia do rio Pitimbu ? motivo de preocupa??o, pois esta ? umas das principais fontes de ?gua doce para o abastecimento da cidade de Natal. As ?guas do rio Pitimbu des?guam na lagoa do Jiqui, sendo a principal alimentadora desta lagoa, que abastece 16% da popula??o da cidade de Natal e existe maior import?ncia ainda que o abastecimento de parcela da cidade de Natal ? feito misturando-se as ?guas subterr?neas com a ?gua proveniente da lagoa do Jiqui, sendo esta usada para a dilui??o as ?guas de po?os contaminados com o nitrato. Ao lado da import?ncia do rio Pitimbu existe uma forte press?o de ocupa??o de suas margens em fun??o do crescimento urbano tornando ainda mais cr?tica a situa??o e aumentando a necessidade do gerenciamento do uso e ocupa??o do solo e controle da polui??o tanto pontual, quanto difuso. Existem diversos estudos a respeito do rio Pitimbu, por?m eles se resumem a alguns meses ou outras vezes em poucos anos, este trabalho, re?ne essas informa??es aumentando a amplitude e possibilitando uma avalia??o do comportamento da ?gua num per?odo mais estendido para a avalia??o das viola??es dos valores das vari?veis de qualidade de ?gua quanto aos padr?es, comportamento geral das vari?veis quanto ? distribui??o de frequ?ncia, de tend?ncia central e medidas de dispers?o, como o coeficiente de varia??o e assimetria e o coeficiente de determina??o de algumas vari?veis sobre outras. Este trabalho avalia as condi??es da qualidade da ?gua do Rio Pitimbu analisando trinta e cinco (35) vari?veis f?sico-qu?micos e biol?gicas em oito (8) pontos do curso d??gua no per?odo de 1993 at? 2007. Diante desse quadro, o conhecimento das condi??es de qualidade de ?gua obtido neste trabalho ? um forte subs?dio para o gerenciamento do uso e ocupa??o do solo considerando a bacia hidrogr?fica como unidade territorial de gerenciamento e como a ?gua ? um bem de dom?nio p?blico sendo o uso humano priorit?rio ? necess?rio garantir ? atual e ?s futuras gera??es recursos h?dricos dispon?veis em padr?es de qualidade adequadas conforme as normas estabelecidas e identificando poss?veis geradores da polui??o atrav?s de an?lise estat?stica

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:03:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RafaelTK.pdf: 4947639 bytes, checksum: b0c9b4c48d718068bc5e78a7565840ba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-09-11 / Urban growth of metropolitan areas has produced impacts of considerable importance on environment and water resources. Such impacts are in general associated with human activities, such as basin area uncontrolled development. In this context, Pitimbu river watershed, located at Natal metropolitan area, has been affected by uncontrolled development caused by urban expansion. Indeed, such effects have been reflected on water quantity and quality, which may produce social consequences. Pitimbu river is an important water supplier for human consumption, actually supplying a 2600 m3/h water discharge. This study aims to analyze the qualitative and quantitative aspects of water and sediment on Pitimbu river lowland portion. For this purpose, physical-chemical water properties were analyzed, and sediment macro invertebrates benthonic were monitored in two cross sections in a period between November 8th, 2007 and October 3rd, 2008. Monitoring methodology consisted of water and sediment sampling for laboratory analysis. Water quality analysis included Dissolved Oxygen, Oxygen Biochemical Demand, Nitrate, pH and Alkalinity, Suspended and Total Solids. The analysis of heavy metals in the sediment included Cadmium, Cobalt, Copper, Chrome, Silver and Nickel. Dry season water discharge data were measured and used to adjust recession function parameters, whose values reveal quick recession and strong river-aquifer unconfined interaction. Water quality analysis revealed the absence of degradation by organic composites. However, DO and BOD levels indicate that more consistent results could be provided if sampling time interval were reduced. Biomonitoring showed signs of aquatic ecosystem degradation by the absence of sensitive and abundance of resistant benthic organisms. Obtained results demonstrate the urgent need of effective management measures to provide environmental protection. The increase of environmental degradation will certainly make impracticable the use of water for human consumption / A expans?o urbana das regi?es metropolitanas tem produzido impactos negativos de grande import?ncia no meio ambiente e nos recursos h?dricos. Esses impactos est?o relacionados com as atividades antr?picas na bacia hidrogr?fica, refletidas no descontrole do uso e ocupa??o do solo. Nesse contexto, a Bacia Hidrogr?fica do rio Pitimbu, situada na regi?o metropolitana de Natal, tem sido objeto de ocupa??o desordenada, motivada pela expans?o urbana. Os efeitos dessa ocupa??o tem se refletido na qualidade e quantidade da ?gua desse rio, com conseq??ncias sociais importantes. O rio Pitimbu ? manancial de abastecimento, suprindo atualmente uma vaz?o de 2600 m3/h. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar aspectos quali-quantitativos da ?gua e do sedimento no baixo curso do rio Pitimbu. Para isso, foram realizadas an?lises f?sico-qu?micas da ?gua e biomonitoramento envolvendo macro-invertebrados bent?nicos em duas se??es transversais no per?odo de 8/11/2007 a 3/10/2008. O monitoramento consistiu na coleta de amostras da ?gua e do sedimento fluvial e posterior analise em laborat?rio. Foram analisados Oxig?nio Dissolvido, Demanda Bioqu?mica de Oxig?nio, Nitrato, pH, Alcalinidade, S?lidos Suspensos e Totais, al?m dos teores de C?dmio, Cobalto, Cobre, Cromo, Prata e N?quel. O monitoramento da descarga l?quida no per?odo seco permitiu o ajuste dos par?metros da fun??o de recess?o, demonstrando recess?o r?pida com forte intera??o rio-aqu?fero n?o confinado. A an?lise da qualidade da ?gua revelou aus?ncia de degrada??o por subst?ncias org?nicas. Apesar disso, os n?veis de OD e DBO indicam que resultados mais conclusivos poderiam ser obtidos se o intervalo entre coletas fosse reduzido. O biomonitoramento revelou sinais de degrada??o do ecossistema aqu?tico pela aus?ncia de bent?nicos sens?veis e abund?ncia de resistentes. Os resultados obtidos demonstram a necessidade de que sejam adotadas medidas eficientes de gerenciamento que resultem na prote??o ambiental na bacia. O aumento do n?vel de degrada??o inviabilizar? o uso da ?gua para consumo humano no futuro

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T17:10:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HerlaniaPS_DISSERT_1-45.pdf: 7534616 bytes, checksum: 3b9b82337add04d86bda0fd400333033 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-12 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The Environmental Protection area sof Pitimbu river are important tools for planning and territorial land management. The Pitimbu river protection is aided in laws, so much of Federal stamp, as the Brazilian s Forest Code (Law No. 4771/1965), and in State s and City s Resolutions. So, this research begins in the State s Law No. 8426/2003interpretations, for being the most restrictive in the river's margin occupation and management. The objective is to analyze the applicability of the Environmental Protection areas of Pitimbu river, localized at the State of Rio Grande do Norte, considering environmental legislation and how to use this space by the man. Having specific goals for the discussion of the legislation s scope to this river; the identification of the types of soil s covering and evaluation the effectiveness of Law N?.8426/2003, as protection instrument and land management. The river is characterized by its ecological importance and for feeding the Jiqui pond, an important reservoir that supplies 30% of drinking water to the east, west and south population sof the capital of the State. Pitimbu river is passing by a process of environmental degradation, originating from actions as deforestations of its ciliary forests by intensive agricultural practices; introduction of urban and industrial effluents leading to its contamination; increase of the pluvial drainage; erosion, sedimentation and discharge of urban waste , along with pressure for urban settlements along its banks. Under the methodological point of view is part of theoretical planning and land management research, and from a vision of social and environmental spaces. It was produced a survey map of the soil s covering, with 16 classes. Divided into coverage and disturbed natural covering. Using the 300 meters spatial limits of the Environmental Protection Strip, according to the State Law. The survey highlighted a higher percentage of classes disturbed, indicating man s interference in the balance of that system, as well as the lack of environmental actions. Leading to the degradation of riparian areas, and lack of conservation of water resources. Finally, it was considered that the strips of environmental protection are not effective as the preservation and territorial ordination / As Faixas de Prote??o Ambiental do rio Pitimbu s?o importantes instrumentos para o planejamento e ordenamento do territ?rio. A prote??o do rio Pitimbu est? amparada em leis, tanto de cunho Federal, como o C?digo Florestal Brasileiro (Lei n? 4.771 de 1965) quanto por Resolu??es, Leis Estaduais e Municipais. Assim, esta pesquisa parte da interpreta??o da Lei Estadual n? 8.426 de 2003, por ser a mais restritiva quanto ao uso e ocupa??o das margens do rio. O objetivo geral da mesma ? analisar a aplicabilidade das faixas de Prote??o Ambiental no rio Pitimbu/RN considerando a legisla??o ambiental e as formas de uso desse espa?o pelo homem. Tendo por objetivos espec?ficos a discuss?o da abrang?ncia da legisla??o para esse rio; a identifica??o dos tipos de cobertura do solo; e a avalia??o da efic?cia da Lei n? 8.426 de 2003, como instrumento de prote??o e gest?o territorial. Esse rio ? caracterizado pela sua import?ncia ecol?gica e por alimentar a lagoa do Jiqui, importante reservat?rio que fornece 30% de ?gua pot?vel para popula??o das regi?es Leste, Oeste e Sul da capital Potiguar. O rio Pitimbu passa por um processo de degrada??o ambiental, proveniente de a??es como os desmatamentos de suas matas ciliares pelas pr?ticas agr?colas intensivas; lan?amento de efluentes urbanos e industriais levando a sua contamina??o; aumento do escoamento pluvial; eros?o; assoreamento e despejo de lixo urbano, al?m da press?o para ocupa??o urbana em suas margens. Sob o ponto de vista metodol?gico est? pesquisa parte de referenciais te?ricos de planejamento e ordenamento do territ?rio e de uma vis?o socioambiental dos espa?os naturais. Foi produzido na pesquisa um Mapa de Cobertura do Solo, com 16 classes. Divididas em cobertura antropizada e cobertura natural. Usando o limite da espacializa??o das Faixas de Prote??o Ambiental de 300 metros, conforme a Lei Estadual acima. A pesquisa destacou um maior percentual de classes antropizadas, indicando interfer?ncia do homem no equil?brio desse sistema, assim como a falta de a??es ambientais. Levando a degrada??o de suas matas ciliares, e a falta de conserva??o dos recursos h?dricos. Por fim, considerou-se que as faixas de prote??o ambiental n?o s?o eficazes quanto ? preserva??o e ao ordenamento desse territ?rio

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:03:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SalatielRV_DISSERT.pdf: 3344605 bytes, checksum: 083e5071106853d45a5c3fde7712fcac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-10 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The Pitimbu River Watershed (PRW), belonging to Potiguar capital metropolitan area, State of Rio Grande do Norte, contributes, among other purposes, to human using and animal watering. This watershed is extremely important because, besides filling up with freshwater approximately 30% of the south part of Natal (South, East and West Zones), contributes to the river shore ecosystem equilibrium. Face to the current conjuncture, this study aims to evaluate the urban development dynamics in the PRW, applying Cellular Automata as a modeling instrument, and to simulate future urban scenarios, between 2014 and 2033, using the simulation program SLEUTH. In the calibration phase, urban spots for 1 984, 1992, 2004 and 2013 years were used, with resolution from 100 meters. After the simulation, it was found a predominance of organic growth, expanding the BHRP from existing urban centers. The spontaneous growth occurred through the fullest extent of the watershed, however the probability of effective growth should not exceed 21%. It was observed that, there was a 68% increase for the period between 2014 and 2033, corresponding to an expansion area of 1,778 ha. For 2033, the source of Pitimbu River area and the Jiqui Lake surroundings will increase more than 78%. Finally, it was seen an exogenous urban growth tendency in the watershed (outside-in). As a result of this growth, hydraulics resources will become scarcer / A Bacia Hidrogr?fica do Rio Pitimbu (BHRP), pertencente ? regi?o metropolitana da capital Potiguar, Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (RN), contribui, entre outros fins, para o consumo humano e dessedenta??o animal. Essa bacia ? de suma import?ncia, pois al?m de abastecer com ?gua doce aproximadamente 30% da popula??o da parte sul de Natal (zonas sul, leste e oeste), contribui para o equil?brio do ecossistema ao longo do rio. Diante da conjuntura atual, os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar a din?mica do desenvolvimento urbano na BHRP, aplicando Aut?matos Celulares como instrumento de modelagem, e simular cen?rios urbanos futuros, entre 2014 e 2033, empregando o programa de simula??o SLEUTH. Na fase de calibra??o, foram utilizadas as manchas urbanas para os anos de 1984, 1992, 2004 e 2013, com resolu??o 100 metros. Ap?s a simula??o, verificou-se que houve uma predomin?ncia do crescimento org?nico, expandindo-se na BHRP, a partir de centros urbanos existentes. O crescimento espont?neo ocorreu por toda extens?o da Bacia, por?m a probabilidade de crescimento efetivo n?o deve ultrapassar 21%. Verificou-se um crescimento de 68% para o per?odo entre 2014 e 2033, correspondendo a uma ?rea de expans?o de 1.778 ha. Para o ano de 2033, a ?rea da nascente do rio Pitimbu e proximidades da lagoa do Jiqui ter?o a possibilidade efetiva de crescimento acima de 78%. Por fim, observou -se uma tend?ncia de crescimento urbano ex?geno (de fora para dentro) na Bacia. Em consequ?ncia desse crescimento, os recursos h?dricos tornar-se-?o cada vez mais escassos