Demand curves were estimated for waterfowl hunting and nonconsumptive recreational use from use rate and variable expenditure data collected at the Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge and the Farmington Bay Waterfowl Management Area during fiscal 1969. Consumer's surplus and monopoly revenue estimates were then derived from the demand functions. Adjusted estimates of consumer's surplus for waterfowl hunting amounted to $7,260 per year at Bear River and $11,400 per year at Farmington Bay. For nonconsumptive recreation annual consumer's surplus was estimated to be $18,700 at Bear River and $3,760 at Farmington Bay. Monopoly revenue estimates were between one-half and one-fourth the corresponding consumer's surplus estimates. The capitalized value (at 8 percent interest) of predicted annual consumer's surplus for all recreation was $865,800 for Bear River and $299,000 for Farmington Boy. Capitalization of the corresponding monopoly revenue estimates gave $276,900 for Bear River and $92,100 for Farmington Bay. At 3 percent interest, the capitalized consumer's surplus values increase to $4,242,000 for Bear River and $1,184,000 for Farmington Buy, while those for monopoly revenue increase to $1,330,000 for Bear River and $350,000 for Farmington Bay. The author believes that consumer's surplus estimates are more valuable than monopoly revenue estimates for comparison with other values included in the benefit/cost analysis of water development projects because the needed values include more than a non-discriminating monopolist can extract. It will never be possible to make additive estimates of all of the relevant values of natural areas used for outdoor recreation. Allocation decisions must draw on several disciplines in addition to economics to determine where the balance will swing for the greatest net benefit to society, nevertheless, the author believes that exceptions exist where the native flora and fauna can be managed to attract visitors such than an area can remain in natural production in perpetuity and be competitive with potentially conflicting interests in terms of measurable economic values. It is believed that future research should concentrate on high-value sites and be directed toward sensitivity analysis, the simultaneous evaluation of alternative uses, the influence of the travel-time variable, marginal resource values, and off-site benefits.

During December-April in 2016/2017, five wetlands in near proximity to the city of Halmstad and four stretches along the stream Trönningeån were investigated regarding their use by birds during winter and spring. At one of the wetlands it was investigated whether non-entry rules are set accordingly to the breeding period. Furthermore, the recreational values of two of the wetlands were calculated. The five wetlands were used by a total of 37 species during the months December-April and they were occupied by mainly the same bird species with a few exceptions, showing some differences in numbers of individuals and species composition depending on wetland. The wetlands seemed to be of importance for a few wintering species as there were at least 12 species and 190 individuals at the near-coastal wetland Trönninge ängar during months December-February. The inland wetland Stjärnarps norra våtmark attracted 6 species and a surprising amount of 153 individuals during the same period. Especially the near-coastal wetlands also created for bird purposes (Trönninge ängar and Larssons våtmark) served as very important spots for migrating birds and were visited by a large number of species and attracted 1531 and 1314 individuals between months March-April. The no-entry rules regarding Trönninge ängar seemed to be up-to-date in terms of when the birds show signs of breeding. The recreational value was calculated to be almost three times higher for Trönninge ängar than for Larssons våtmark. The turnover rate for the birds in two of the wetlands showed some differences and/or patterns regarding how and when different bird species use the wetlands. / Under månaderna december-april 2016/2017 inventerades fem våtmarker nära Halmstad för att få information angående hur fåglar använder dessa våtmarker under vintermånaderna och våren samt undersöktes fyra åsträckor av Trönningeån med avseende på hur dessa används av vissa vadare vintertid. En av våtmarkerna undersöktes angående huruvida datumen för tillträdesförbud stämde överens med fåglarnas häckningstider och dessutom undersöktes rekreationsvärdet för två våtmarker. Totalt använde 37 olika arter våtmarkerna under perioden december-april och de användes huvudsakligen av samma arter med vissa undantag. Det fanns även vissa skillnader i antalet individer samt variationer i artsammansättning beroende på våtmark. Våtmarkerna verkade ha betydelse för ett antal övervintrande fåglar då den kustnära våtmarken Trönninge ängar besöktes av åtminstone 12 arter och 190 individer. Inlandsvåtmarken Stjärnarps norra våtmark besöktes av 6 arter och ett oväntat stort antal på 153 individer. Särskilt våtmarkerna närmast kusten som dessutom är fågelvåtmarker (Trönninge ängar och Larssons våtmark) spelade en viktig roll för flyttfåglar då de användes av totalt 1531 respektive 1314 individer under perioden mars-april. Tiderna för tillträdesförbud gällande Trönninge ängar verkade vara aktuella ännu i relation till när fåglar i våtmarken uppvisar tecken på häckning. Det uträknade rekreationsvärdet visade sig vara nästan tre gånger högre för Trönninge ängar än för Larssons våtmark. Undersökningen angående hur och när olika fågelarter använder två av våtmarkerna visade på att det finns vissa skillnader mellan hur och när olika fågelarter utnyttjar dem.