Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2017-08-21T15:35:24Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Dissertação Mestrado Ciencia Politica 2016 Manuela Souza.pdf: 3241380 bytes, checksum: 46e022e0cbe84816270b2853fc259a21 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-21T15:35:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Dissertação Mestrado Ciencia Politica 2016 Manuela Souza.pdf: 3241380 bytes, checksum: 46e022e0cbe84816270b2853fc259a21 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / CAPES / A percepção da renda pelos indivíduos influencia suas preferências redistributivas? Proponho verificar se a percepção do nível de renda importa na formação de preferências redistributivas, a partir da análise dos dados disponibilizados no World Values Surveys (2010-2014). O argumento teórico tradicional na Ciência Política caracteriza a relação entre a renda real e a formação de preferências redistributivas como um questionamento central na demanda por redistribuição em governos democráticos. Apesar dessa questão de pesquisa já ser tradicional, proponho que as preferências dos indivíduos, quanto ao papel redistributivo do estado, são pautadas na percepção da desigualdade. Empiricamente, pretendo testar a hipótese de que quanto maior o nível de renda percebida, menor serão as preferências redistributivas com dados para América Latina. Esse trabalho testa a hipótese apresentada através da combinação de estatística descritiva e um modelo de regressão logística ordenada. Os resultados encontrados corroboram com a expectativa da literatura existente de uma relação negativa entre percepção do nível de renda e preferências redistributivas. A probabilidade de ter um apoio a preferências redistributivas é maior entre aqueles que afirmam que o nível de renda percebida é baixo. Não obstante, os efeitos marginais constatam que a probabilidade de ser favorável à redistribuição ainda é expressiva entre aqueles que possuem um nível de renda percebida elevado. / The perception of income by individuals influences their redistributive preferences? I propose to verify if the perception of income level matters in the formation of redistributive preferences, from the analysis of the data available on the World Values Surveys (2010-2014). Traditional Theoretical argument in political science characterizes the relationship between real income and the formation of redistributive preferences as a central question in the demand for redistribution in democratic governments. Although this research question is already traditional, I propose that the preferences of individuals, on the redistributive role of the state, are guided by the perception of inequality. Empirically, I intend to test the hypothesis that the higher the perceived level of income, the lower will be the redistributive preferences with data for Latin America. This work tests the hypothesis presented by combining descriptive statistics and logistic regression model ordered. The results corroborate the expectation of the literature of a negative relationship between perceived level of income and redistributive preferences. The probability of having a support for redistributive preference is higher among those who claim that the perceived income level is low. Nevertheless, the marginal effects find that the probability of being in favor of redistribution is still significant among those with a sense of high income level.

This thesis investigates the effect of union members’ position in the wage distribution on income inequality in Germany between 1998 and 2019. Specifically, data from the German Socio-Economic Panel are analyzed on two levels. Regression analyses on the sector-year and individual level show that if a large share of union members is relatively well positioned in the wage spectrum, the inequality-reducing union effect weakens.The purpose of this thesis is to provide evidence on within-union dynamics that might contribute to the continued union decline in many industrialized economies. This thesis fills a gap in the literature as most researchers focus either on how union strength affects income inequality or look at how union members’ wages affect their preferences on redistribution. By directly studying the effect of union members’ wages on inequality levels, this thesis additionally engages with the theoretical tradition of Power Resource Theory (PRT). Specifically, this analysis confirms that union strength and income inequality are negatively associated. However, it also provides evidence for a central critique of PRT, suggesting that working-class interest is heterogeneous and not homogeneous as PRT presumes.