Securitization of Immigrant - and its Political Impacts on European Union Recent events that has changed the European Union's immigration policies - securitization of immigrants has a political effects beyond immigration policies Key Words: securitization, European Union, immigration, refugee crisis 2015, immigration policies Has securitization of immigrants affected on European Union's immigration policies? 1. Securitization theory 2. Securitization of immigrants 1. http://www.e-ir.info/2016/01/29/implications-of-the-securitisation-of-migration/ 2. media 3. How has securitization of immigrants affected on EU policies / what kind of changes EU has done on its policies 1. after 9/11 1. terrorism 2. what changed EU has done 2. refugee crisis 2015 1. what changes EU has done

As long as European Union has existed, as long there has been discussion of how long will the union stay as a whole. The differences between the member states are visible and because of this common policies are hard to achieve. European Union has done a lot in trying to create a harmonized immigration policies, yet there have been challenges. The refugee crisis that started in 2015 was something that EU as well as its member states were not prepared for. Different policies were done and cooperation was created, yet many member states turned against the EU and decided not to follow its rules. There was a fear that was a lot affected by the securitization of the immigrants. Key words: securitization, European Union, immigration, refugee crisis 2015, realism,

This study intends to study how the Social Democrats' (S) migration policy changed between 2014 and 2018. Comparison is made through a text analysis of election manifestos to describe S's stance after the refugee crisis in 2015 in relation to refugees and migration. S worked up the 'problem' over the years and as solution policy changes were carried out in the economic, social and political contexts in connection with the state's situation, where ideas and beliefs were based on the previous experiences and events. The study will be carried out by describing and following up the change in S migration policy between 2014 and 2018 in Bacchi's constructivist perspective on ideas and problem formulations in what concepts represent. This approach is regarded as a process that is to some extent continuously socially constructed by the exchange of opinions of policy actors. These are ideas that help policy actors create meaning and understanding of the world around them, and thus they form a basis for which interests and action options the policy actors act for and against in the policy process (Ohlsson, et.al, 2019:259). That is, they are ideas that give policy actors a purpose of understanding what the policy problem is and what the solutions are. The idea and ideology analysis method is used in this study to be able to compare, see and understand the importance of ideas in the creation of politics, what interaction and non-interaction between ideas means and why this is important to follow up in connection with the state's situation. To understand how ideas and concepts were problematized and social formulated through time in connection with the state's situation, the three text analytical questions of Bacchi's WPR approach were chosen which enable interpretation of the background knowledge, underlying assumptions made by S all political proposals.

This study offers a comprehensive comparative analysis of labour market integration policies for refugees in Sweden and Germany following the 2015 refugee crisis. Adapting an institutional approach that includes new historical institutionalism, rational choice institutionalism and sociological institutionalism, this study analyses the policy changes in both countries. The research design is a most similar design to compare and find differences and similarities in both countries, and the methodology is a qualitative comparative analysis. The research concentrates on the elements of policy change – displacement, layering, conversion and drift- to explain the modifications in response to the crisis. The study reveals significant similarities and differences between the two countries. Both Sweden and Germany implemented strategies to support refugee integration into the labour market, although with different approaches. The historical legacies, societal perspectives, and institutional frameworks of each country influenced the execution of these policies.