Mainz, Universiẗat, Diss., 2005.

Orientador: Carmem Silvia Fontanetti Christofoletti / Resumo: O Brasil é o maior produtor mundial de cana-de-açúcar. O fenilpirazol fipronil está dentre os inseticidas mais utilizados na cultura de cana-de-açúcar. Sua molécula é extremamente ativa e um potente desregulador do sistema nervoso central dos insetos. Devido a sua elevada toxicidade, moléculas como o ethiprole estão sendo empregadas na agricultura em busca de uma alternativa mais segura. Produzido a partir da modificação da molécula do fipronil, poucos estudos têm demonstrado que o ethiprole surgiu no cenário agrário como uma alterativa mais segura que o fipronil aos organismos não alvos em geral. O uso de bioindicadores permite o estudo dos possíveis riscos de inseticidas. Entre estes, plantas e organismos aquáticos são excelentes para avaliar efeitos de agrotóxicos no ambiente. No presente estudo, foi avaliada a ação de diferentes concentrações dos inseticidas Regent® e Curbix® em organismos não alvos, por meio de ferramentas macroscópicas em Allium cepa e Lactuca sativa e microscópicas em Oreochromis niloticus. Os testes de germinação de sementes e alongamento radicular em A. cepa e L. sativa foram utilizados para a avaliação dos efeitos fitotóxicos no desenvolvimento inicial das plantas. As alterações histopatológicas no fígado de O. niloticus, a quantificação de peroxidação lipídica (TBARS), localização in situ das proteínas de choque térmico (HSP70) e de fragmentação do DNA (TUNEL) foram empregadas para verificar o potencial tóxico dos inseticidas a nível celular. Os re... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Brazil is the world’s largest sugar cane producer. Phenylpyrazole fipronil is included among the most commonly used insecticides in sugarcane cultivation. Its molecule is extremely active and a powerful deregulator of the central nervous system of insects. Given its high toxicity, molecules such as ethiprole are being employed in agriculture to find a safer alternative. Developed by modifying the Fipronil molecule, few studies have demonstrated whether ethiprole appeared as a safer alternative to Fipronil to non-target organisms in general. The use of bioindicators allows the study of possible risks of insecticides. Among them, plants and aquatic organisms are excellent for assessing the effects of pesticides on the environment. In the present study, it was assessed the effects of different concentrations of Regent® and Curbix® insecticides on non-target organisms, employing macroscopic tools in Allium cepa and Lactuca sativa and microscopic ones in Oreochromis niloticus. Seed germination and root elongation tests on A. cepa and L. sativa were used to evaluate phytotoxic effects on initial plant development. Histopathological alterations in the liver of O. niloticus, quantification of lipid peroxidation (TBARS), in situ locations of thermal shock proteins (HSP70), and DNA fragmentation (TUNEL) were used to verify the toxic potential of insecticides at the cellular level. The results of phytotoxic analyses on A. cepa showed that Curbix® induced a reduction in germination perce... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Thesis (M.B.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1987.

This thesis presents a critical exploration of the ‘revitalization’ of Toronto’s Regent Park. Regent Park is Canada’s oldest and largest government subsidized housing development. Originally designed in 1947, Toronto City Council approved the revitalization of the neighbourhood in 2003. Within this thesis, Regent Park serves as a means to examine some of the ways in which urban planning and design, public policy, architecture and landscape architecture interact with people’s daily practices in their socioeconomic and cultural contexts, to ‘rebuild the social’. In order to do this, the thesis begins by presenting an account of the original development, providing a sociohistorical context for understanding the more recent revitalization. Secondly, the thesis provides a review of relevant theoretical literature pertaining to the idea that design shapes society, discussing key aspects of modernist and postmodernist accounts of the city, arguing for the salience of a broadly ‘relational’ model inspired by the work of Julier (2008) and others. Thirdly, the thesis conducts an empirical analysis of the recent revitalization process, using a mixed methodology of documentary analysis and in-depth interviews with a key developer and the residents of Regent’s park. This analysis explores the ideological commitments at play within the planning process, as well as the practice of planning itself, investigating how theories of design and planning relate to the actual process of planning, including the political and financial obligations. The analysis then compares the intentions of the design with the inhabitant’s lived experience within the space, focusing on the inhabitants’ active role in negotiating the space in ways that were ‘unplanned’. This thesis provides a sociological exploration of Regent Park as a complex site of interaction between the design of the space (influenced by theories of design, as well as economic, political and social motivations), the materials that make up that space, and the actual use of the space by residents, the outcomes of which challenge deterministic accounts of urban development. / Thesis (Master, Sociology) -- Queen's University, 2011-09-27 16:29:31.729

Young people have not traditionally had a voice in urban planning. More often than not, they are incorporated into planning by either considering them as an implicit population or as part and parcel of planning for families (Knowles-Yanez, 2002; Freeman and Aitken-Rose, 2005; Frank, 2006). This is now recognized as one of the shortcomings of urban planning. This study seeks to address this gap within a specific context of urban revitalization and public space within a public housing development. This study explored how young people between the ages of 10 and 16 living in Regent Park, Toronto define and value local public spaces. Their perspectives are particularly relevant at this time as their neighbourhood is in the process of a 15-year, multi-million dollar revitalization plan. This plan will bring about extensive physical and social changes to the neighbourhood. The key objectives of this study were to understand the perspectives of young people about their neighbourhood public space, to determine how young people’s perspectives match with revitalization plans and to adapt participatory research methods appropriate for young people. By using a participatory, multi-method approach, I set out to determine how young people understand public space and the extent to which this is incorporated into public housing revitalization. The study findings show that the contemporary principles guiding public housing revitalization do not match how young people define and value public space. Findings reveal that young people have a broad definition of public space which encompasses public, quasi-public and private spaces. They also demonstrate that understanding public space involves both physical and social elements. This is incorporated into their ideas regarding revitalization. Young people placed more of an emphasis on social than physical solutions. Key to the findings are young people’s preferences for a neighbourhood network of walkways over through streets, maintaining community insularity, local landmarks and culture and their fears over losing these due to change brought about by new residents. Many public space elements were regarded as simultaneously positive and negative. They regard the revitalization process of their neighbourhood public spaces with mixed emotions, including trepidation, scepticism and hope. In this way, study findings add to the existing literature on young people and urban planning. Young people have a distinctive way of experiencing the urban environment and when asked in an appropriate manner, will share revealing insights that would not necessarily have been thought of by adults (Hart, 1997). The study recommendations build upon the existing literature on the participation of young people in urban planning. This study shows that there is a need for planners to work alongside local community agencies and organizations already involved with young people. There is also a need to reconsider how planners address the issues of equity and public engagement. Young people do not have a political voice. For this reason, it is important for planners to consider the principles of equity and advocacy in a manner that embraces strategies for planning with multiple publics. Planners need to be educated and made aware of the different methods to appropriately engage young people. This includes adapting participatory techniques, determining agents of community access and self-reflexivity.

Young people have not traditionally had a voice in urban planning. More often than not, they are incorporated into planning by either considering them as an implicit population or as part and parcel of planning for families (Knowles-Yanez, 2002; Freeman and Aitken-Rose, 2005; Frank, 2006). This is now recognized as one of the shortcomings of urban planning. This study seeks to address this gap within a specific context of urban revitalization and public space within a public housing development. This study explored how young people between the ages of 10 and 16 living in Regent Park, Toronto define and value local public spaces. Their perspectives are particularly relevant at this time as their neighbourhood is in the process of a 15-year, multi-million dollar revitalization plan. This plan will bring about extensive physical and social changes to the neighbourhood. The key objectives of this study were to understand the perspectives of young people about their neighbourhood public space, to determine how young people’s perspectives match with revitalization plans and to adapt participatory research methods appropriate for young people. By using a participatory, multi-method approach, I set out to determine how young people understand public space and the extent to which this is incorporated into public housing revitalization. The study findings show that the contemporary principles guiding public housing revitalization do not match how young people define and value public space. Findings reveal that young people have a broad definition of public space which encompasses public, quasi-public and private spaces. They also demonstrate that understanding public space involves both physical and social elements. This is incorporated into their ideas regarding revitalization. Young people placed more of an emphasis on social than physical solutions. Key to the findings are young people’s preferences for a neighbourhood network of walkways over through streets, maintaining community insularity, local landmarks and culture and their fears over losing these due to change brought about by new residents. Many public space elements were regarded as simultaneously positive and negative. They regard the revitalization process of their neighbourhood public spaces with mixed emotions, including trepidation, scepticism and hope. In this way, study findings add to the existing literature on young people and urban planning. Young people have a distinctive way of experiencing the urban environment and when asked in an appropriate manner, will share revealing insights that would not necessarily have been thought of by adults (Hart, 1997). The study recommendations build upon the existing literature on the participation of young people in urban planning. This study shows that there is a need for planners to work alongside local community agencies and organizations already involved with young people. There is also a need to reconsider how planners address the issues of equity and public engagement. Young people do not have a political voice. For this reason, it is important for planners to consider the principles of equity and advocacy in a manner that embraces strategies for planning with multiple publics. Planners need to be educated and made aware of the different methods to appropriately engage young people. This includes adapting participatory techniques, determining agents of community access and self-reflexivity.

Native heart valves that have limited functionality due to cardiovascular disease or congenital birth defects are commonly replaced by prosthetic heart valves. Bileaflet mechanical heart valves (BMHV) are the most commonly implanted valve design due to their long-term durability. However, their unnatural hemodynamics promote thrombosis and thromboembolic events. Clinical reports and in vitro experiments suggest that the thrombogenic complications in bileaflet valves are related to the stress imposed on blood by the valves during the closing phase. Additionally, animal and clinical studies have shown that BMHV in the aortic position demonstrate reduced failure rates compared to identical valves in the mitral position. The present study aimed to investigate the leakage, hinge, and near hinge flow fields of two BMHV under simulated physiologic aortic flow conditions and to compare these results with previous findings in the mitral position to better understand how the implant location influences the valve performance and the subsequent risk of blood damage. Two and three-component Laser Doppler Velocimetry techniques were used to quantify the velocity and turbulent shear stress fields in both the hinge and the upstream leakage flow regions. The study focused on the 23 mm St. Jude Medical Regent (SJM) and the 23 mm CarboMedics (CM) valves. Although they were tested under similar physiologic conditions, shape and location of the leakage jets were dependent on valve design. Nevertheless, turbulent shear stress levels recorded within all jets were well above the threshold shear stress for the onset of blood cell damage. Within the hinge region, the flow fields were complex and unsteady. The angulated hinge recess of the CM valve appeared to promote blood damage while the streamlined geometry of the SJM valve contributed to better washout of the hinge region. Animations of the velocity flow fields are given in QuickTime or MPEG format. Comparison of the present findings with previously published results for the mitral position suggests that the superior clinical results of the mechanical valves in the aortic position may be due to less severe leakage flow upon valve closure as well as to enhanced hinge washout during the forward flow phase.

The church and monastery of Brou, Bourg-en-Bresse were built under the attentive patronage of Margaret of Austria (1480--1530), Duchess of Savoy, Regent of the Netherlands and daughter of Maximilian I and Mary of Burgundy. Brou was intended to symbolically and economically secure the region for the Habsburgs as well as memorialize the glory of its patron. Located in Savoy, a strategic territory in the battle for Italy between the Habsburg Empire and France, Brou's secular and religious references, chosen by the patron herself, reflect her and her family's political needs. This paper explores Margaret of Austria's role as patron and creator of Brou, her political and propagandistic agenda, her pivotal role in its planning and construction, her architectural and stylistic choices and the results of her efforts and their reception.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--York University, 2003. Graduate Programme in Environmental Studies. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 341-370). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004 & res_dat=xri:pqdiss & rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation & rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NR00376.

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