Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Western Australia, 2004.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Texas, Dec., 2009. / Title from title page display. Includes bibliographical references.

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This study provides preliminary data from a parent-report measure for assessing eating disorder symptoms in preadolescents. The Parent Eating Behaviors and Body Image Test (PEBBIT) is based on the Eating Behaviors and Body Image Test (EBBIT; Candy & Fee, 1998), a self-report measure for preadolescent girls. Eighty-three females in grades 4 through 6 were contacted from elementary schools, but only 10 participated. Girls’ individual responses on the EBBIT were compared to parental responses on the PEBBIT. Parents were able to accurately identify eating disorder behaviors in their children only 65.3% of the time when analyzing the individual responses found on the Binge Eating Behaviors subscale and only 58.6% of the time on the Body Image Disturbance Restrictive Eating subscale. Preliminary analyses suggest that a) clinicians and clinical researchers should supplement preadolescent girls’ self-report with parent report measures, and b) more detailed study of the PEBBIT’s psychometric properties is warranted.

The study examined research writing. The aim was to establish the nature of the relation between the quality of article and report writing in occupational therapy and the density of hedges in such writing. The texts comprised undergraduate reports, which were divided into two achievement groups, namely high and low achievers, and journal articles by occupational therapists. Articles were included because it was assumed that they exemplify good writing, and accordingly, would be appropriately hedged, and would provide a reliable basis for comparing the student groups. Hyland's (1998b) analytical framework was used. While statistical tests revealed no differences between the student groups, overall, the tests revealed significant differences in the use of hedges between the professional and student writers. In light of these findings, it is suggested that hedging in research writing be studied and taught to students in order to assist them in their studies and careers. / Linguistics / M.A. (Linguistics)

INTRODUCTION: With the rise of non-traditional providers offering influenza vaccination, it is becoming more of an endeavor to obtain documentation on vaccination. Researchers are relying more on self-report of vaccination, but the accuracy of differing definitions of self-reported vaccination status in the context of inpatient vaccine effectiveness studies is not well understood. OBJECTIVES: The first objective of this study was the assess agreement among four different definitions of self-reported influenza vaccination compared against documented influenza vaccination in a group for whom documented vaccination is expected to be available. For the definition with best agreement, enrollee characteristics were examined to assess which were associated with agreement between definitions. The second objective was to assess the effect of ten different vaccination status definitions, including variations of self-report and documented vaccination, on vaccine effectiveness (VE). METHODS: We used data from the inpatient component of the US Flu VE Network study of VE in patients hospitalized with acute respiratory illness (ARI). Variations of self-reported vaccination status were defined and compared to documented vaccination status. Agreement was assessed using the kappa statistic of agreement and other measures of agreement. VE was measured using logistic regression controlling for certain patient demographics and illness characteristics. RESULTS: Self-report with date had the highest percent agreement and kappa statistic (79.5%; 57.7%, 95% CI: 50.1, 65.2). Those in the oldest age groups (18-49 and ≥65 years) and those influenza positive were more likely to have agreement between self-reported vaccination with date and documented vaccination status (p < 0.05 for both age group and case status). Estimated VE differed three-fold depending on definition of vaccination, with documented vaccination having the lowest VE (10%, 95% CI: -54, 48) and self-reported vaccination with date and location having the highest VE (37%, 95% CI: -10, 64). CONCLUSION: Defining vaccination status using self-reported vaccination with date provides the most accurate classification of vaccination status. Older adults and those with lab-confirmed influenza were more accurate in their self-report of influenza vaccination. Differing definitions have an impact on estimated VE, and understanding how VE is influenced by choice of vaccination status definition is important to examine and report in studies of influenza VE.

After the successful evaluation in 2015 we started research and further development of our largescale facilities, in particular the Ion Beam Center (IBC), in the framework of Helmholtz’s Programmeoriented Funding scheme (POF) which coordinates scientific cooperation on a national and international scale. Most of our activities are assigned to the Helmholtz program “From Matter to Materials and Life” within the research area “Matter”, in cooperation with several other German Helmholtz Centers. Our in-house research is performed in three so-called research themes, as depicted in the schematic below. What is missing there for simplicity is a minor part of our activities in the program “Nuclear Waste Management and Safety” within the research area “Energy”. A few highlights which have been published in 2015 are reprinted in this annual report in order to show the variety of the research being performed at the Institute, ranging from self-organized pattern formation during ion erosion or DNA origami patterning, over ferromagnetism in SiC and TiO2 to plasmonics and THz-spectroscopy of III-V semiconductors. A technological highlight published recently is the demonstration of nanometer scale elemental analysis in a Helium ion microscope, making use of a time-of-flight detector that has been developed at the IBC. In addition to these inhouse research highlights, also users of the IBC, in particular of the accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS), succeeded in publishing their research on geomorphology in Nepal in the high-impact journal Science (W. Schwanghart et al., Science 351, 147 (2015)), which demonstrates impressively the added value of transdisciplinary research at the IBC. In order to further develop the IBC, we have started in 2015 the design and construction of our new low energy ion nanoengineering platform which was highly recommended by the POF evaluators. It will consist of two-dimensional materials synthesis and modification, high-resolution ion beam analysis and high-resolution electron beam analysis and will come into full operation in 2019.

In 1900 the United States had more medical schools than the rest of the world combined. Many of them were commercial institutions devoted to making profits rather than to educating men to perform competently within the medical profession. The profit incentive precipitated low educational standards and made American medical practice decidedly inferior to medical practice almost anywhere else in the civilized world. By 1900 medical education had become pernicious, threatening the health of the nation and the future of the American medical profession. This thesis discusses the efforts to reform medical education practices.

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In some cases, as much as 9% of participants in self-report studies are extremely inattentive (Maniaci & Rogge, 2014). Previous researchers have dealt with this problem by removing inattentive participants from data analyses. A better solution would be to prevent inattentive responding. Self-Determination Theory may provide an effective approach to reducing inattentive responding, specifically by attempting to promote autonomous motivation in research participants. Providing participants with personalized feedback may increase participants’ autonomous motivation, which in turn may lead to more attentive responding. Study 1 showed that participants who are interested in feedback are more attentive throughout an online survey than participants who are not interested in feedback. The next goal was to show through experimental manipulation that emphasizing the opportunity to receive personalized feedback would decrease levels of inattentive responding and increase autonomous motivation. No significant difference occurred between groups in levels of inattention, nor in autonomous motivation. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2018. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection