Objective: To determine what information training needs and behaviors medical residents have such as (1) information training provided by attending physicians, (2) formal evidence-based medicine (EBM) training programs, (3) information training provided by medical librarians, (4) preferred topics for information training, and (5) the desire to have a clinical librarian. Methods: A survey analysis was conducted of 217 medical residents from the 2005/06 class in surgery, family medicine, internal medicine, obstetrics/gynecology, psychiatry, pediatrics, and pathology on their training needs and behaviors with a return rate of 48.4%. Quantitative analysis was performed with the SPSS (v. 14.0 for Windows) software program. The results were expressed in percents in graphical or tabular form. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequencies, mean, median, and mode) and inferential statistics (Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square test.) Results: Sixty-one percent of residents indicated that they had received clinical information training from their attending physicians. Sixty-four percent of residents indicated they had formal EBM training in their program. Sixty-nine percent indicated they had received clinical information training from medical librarians. The top two training topics desired by residents were an overview of all available library resources and services and instruction on searching databases. Eighty-three percent of residents indicated that they would like a clinical medical librarian (CML) for their program. The Cramer’s V statistic indicated a moderately strong relationship between residency program and desire for a CML. Conclusions: The desire for instruction by residents from librarians is strong. Medical librarians must more aggressively seek to provide instructional opportunities for medical residents. Librarians must periodically survey residents as to the content, time, and place where this instruction takes place so that it might be best utilized by residents.

Question: How effective is East Tennessee State University (ETSU) medical library in preparing its residents to be information masters when they get into private practice? Design: The study was designed as an effectiveness study using survey instruments to determine the informationseeking behaviors, information skill levels, information training adequacy, and sufficiency of information services/resources provided for ETSU resident physicians to prepare them as information masters when they get into private practice. Setting: The population is ETSU residents, who were enrolled in a residency program in the spring of 2006 at an academic medical center. Participants: ETSU has nine residency programs. There were 220 medical residents at ETSU. The whole population was surveyed as well as 150 attending physicians who work with residents. Interventions: Two survey instruments were utilized to discover information that will lead to better user satisfaction with ETSU information training and information resources/services, thus measuring quality. One aspect of this is better understanding the clients’ information-seeking behaviors. Main Outcome Measures: Quantitative analysis was performed with the SPSS software program. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Inferential statistics were used to analyze relationships and differences Results: ETSU residents frequently had information needs yet infrequently sought answers. When they sought an answer they were usually successful. They preferred electronic resources and indicated time was their greatest barrier. The majority were PDA users. They believed evidence-based medicine was very important to their practice and indicated that the information received from the library changed their patient care. Most indicated a desire to have a clinical medical librarian for their program. The most frequently used resources were Google and the Web, yet they indicated these had low clinical value.

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This thesis explores the choice of alternative fuels in Gotland from a quantitative and qualitative perspective, the complex factors that influence Gotland residents' decisions to adopt alternative motor fuels, in order to better understand how private transport on Gotland is transitioning from conventional energy fuels to sustainable energy systems. In addition, this paper explores the issue of consistency between actions and intentions to adapt and the factors that lead to inconsistency. The paper also seeks to provide meaningful insights for academics and administrators seeking to explore the opportunities and address the challenges of transitioning to sustainable energy options. in order to better understand how private transport on Gotland is transitioning from conventional energy fuels to a sustainable energy system. In this thesis, 57 people aged 18 years and older who live in Gotland for more than 6 months per year were surveyed. The survey and data collection were done in the form of a questionnaire. The data was analysed by means of visual graphs as well as thematic analysis. The results of the study show a positive intention towards sustainability among Gotland residents. However, individuals prefer petrol and diesel fuels for convenience.

The population of elderly people in the United States is predicted to increase in large numbers within the next few decades. Many of them will be admitted to long-term-care centers in the waning years of their lives. Health care professionals will need to be prepared for this influx of the elderly into these institutions and for their demands of improved quality of life in these centers. Unplanned weight loss has become one of the major predictors of mortality in long-term-care residents. The purpose of the study was to compare the use of liberalized diets with the traditional therapeutic diets long advocated in long-term-care facilities in the United States. The objectives were to conduct a randomized clinical trial with a treatment group (subjects who consumed liberalized diets) and a control group (subjects who continued with their usual therapeutic diets), and to compare outcomes between the two groups. The randomized clinical trial was conducted for 18 weeks from April to August 2009 at a long-term-care facility in rural North Mississippi. Twenty-two persons ranging in age from 54 to 100 years were approved by their physicians for participation in the trial. All of these persons participated and completed the trial. Eleven of the participants received their prescribed therapeutic diet and 11 participants received a liberalized diet for the length of the trial study. At the end of the study, there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in mean body weights and laboratory values between the two groups. However, there was a trend of weight loss in the therapeutic diet group (mean weight loss of 2% (1.4 kg) during the 18-week trial), and although it was not significant (p>0.05), this supports the growing belief of those who advocate liberalized geriatric diets to improve quality of life and prevent unintentional weight loss. Participants in the liberalized diet group did not experience weight loss and gained 0.5 kg by the end of the study.

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