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CO-OVM: Une approche pratique pour la modélisation de la variabilité en Ingénierie SystèmeDumitrescu, Cosmin 02 June 2014 (has links) (PDF)
Systems engineering has emerged as an approach that enables the successful realization of individual complex systems. In the automotive industry, product variety introduces a complexity that renders systems engineering models difficult to manage. Models Based Systems Engineering increases the level of abstraction and of detail to which systems are documented, thus providing the perfect context for reuse. Our purpose was to adopt "Product Line Engineering" techniques and enable efficient reuse of systems engineering assets, while satisfying process needs in an automotive industry context. The challenge is twofold: (i) to understand the needs of a mass production industry for which the reuse is usually focused towards physical parts and (ii) to satisfy the needs for capturing variability in complement to systems engineering models, by drawing on software product lines techniques. The main proposal of the thesis is a metamodel that extends OVM models in order to adopt and adapt variability modeling to MBSE needs. Furthermore, several subjects were developed around this theme of variability modeling in order to improve and complete the systems engineering framework: a derivation approach based on viewpoints and a set of recommendation-based heuristics for the configuration process. In collaboration with the CEA-LIST, a tool prototype was developed, which enabled us to refine, test and validate the contributions, in the industrial context at Renault.
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Formulation et immobilisation de la Lipase de Yarrowia lipolyticaAlloué, Wazé Aimé Mireille 09 April 2008 (has links)
La lipase de Yarrowia lipolytica (EC 3.1.1.3) est une enzyme appartenant à la classe des hydrolases. La non pathogénicité et le caractère hyperproducteur en lipase de cette levure lui confèrent une place de choix au sein de lunité de Bio-industries du Centre Wallon de Biologie Industrielle.
Ce présent travail sinscrit dans le cadre général du développement industriel de la lipase de Yarrowia lipolytica et concerne plus
particulièrement le traitement post-culture de lenzyme afin de réaliser des formes liquides, poudres atomisées, immobilisées et enrobées à laide des polymères acryliques.
Latomisation de la lipase en présence ou en absence de poudre de lait a permis lacquisition de poudres fluentes, stables à 4 et 20°C et présentant des températures de transition vitreuse comprises entre 51 et 79°C. Lactivité deau de conservation des poudres était ≤ 0.4.
La stabilisation de lenzyme sous forme de liquide concentré réalisée avec le monopropylène glycol (MPG), les inhibiteurs de protéases et lirradiation aux rayons gamma ont révélé que le MPG à 50% et la technique dirradiation au rayon gamma permettaient la stérilisation et la préservation de lactivité enzymatique. Par ailleurs, limmobilisation de cette enzyme par trois techniques (adsorption, inclusion et liaison covalente) a révélé une amélioration de ses propriétés caractéristiques telles que la thermostabilté et la résistance aux solvants. La technique dimmobilisation par adsorption et par liaison covalente a permis une utilisation multiple de lenzyme.
Létude préliminaire de faisabilité des formes galéniques à base de la lipase de Y. lipolytica a montré la capacité de cette enzyme à être mise sous forme de comprimés et de poudres encapsulées. La comparaison réalisée in vitro entre le Créon 150mg (produit pharmaceutique) et les formes galéniques à base de la lipase a montré des temps de gastro-résistance et de délitage similaires.
Ces différentes formules de la lipase posent des jalons nécessaires pour leurs applications dans des secteurs agroalimentaires, environnementaux et pharmaceutiques.
Yarrowia lipolytica lipase (EC.3.1.1.3) is an enzyme which belongs to the class of hydrolases. Nonpathogenicity and the high-lipase producing character of this yeast have emphasised its use within the laboratory of Bio-industry of the Walloon Center of Industrial Biology.
The present work lies within the general scope of the industrial development of the lipase from Yarrowia lipolytica. More particularly it relates to the post-culture treatment of the enzyme in order to obtain liquid forms, atomized powders, immobilized and coated enzymes using acrylic polymers.
The atomization of lipase in presence or absence of milk powder allowed the achievement of flowing, stable powders at 4 and 20°C, with glass transition temperatures ranging between 51 and 79°C. The water activity of preservation of the powders was ≤ 0.4.
Stabilization of the enzyme under the form of concentrated liquid carried out with monopropylen glycol (MPG), proteases inhibitors and gamma irradiation revealed that MPG (50%) and gamma irradiation allowed sterilization and conservation of the enzymatic activity. In addition, the immobilization of the enzyme through three techniques (adsorption, inclusion and covalent bond) revealed an improvement of some properties such as thermostability and resistance to solvents. Immobilization by adsorption and covalent bond allowed multiple uses of the enzyme.
The preliminary study of feasibility of galenic forms containing the lipase from Y. lipolytica showed the capacity of this enzyme to be put under the form of tablets and encapsulated powders. The in vitro comparison of Creon 150mg (pharmaceutical product) and galenic forms containing the lipase, showed similar times of acid-resistance and of disintegration.
These various formulas of the lipase constitute milestones necessary for their applications in food, environmental and pharmaceutical industries.
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Modeling and simulation of hybrid systems and cell factory applicationsAssar Cuevas, Rodrigo 21 October 2011 (has links)
Les fonctions biologiques sont le résultat de l'interaction de beaucoup de processus, avec différents objectifs, complexités, niveaux de hiérarchie, et changements de conditions que modifient le comportement de systèmes. Nous utilisons des équations différentielles ou dynamiques plus générales, et systèmes stochastiques de transition pour décrire la dynamique de changements des modèles. La composition, réconciliation et réutilisation des modèles nous permettent d'obtenir des descriptions de systèmes biologiques complètes et compatibles et leur combiner. Notre spécification de systèmes hybrides avec BioRica assure l'intégrité de modèles, et implémente notre approche. Nous appliquons notre approche pour décrire in-silico deux systèmes: la dynamique de la fermentation du vin, et des décisions cellulaires associées à la formation de tissu d'os. / The main aim of this thesis is to develop an approach that allows us to describe biological systems with theoretical sustenance and good results in practice. Biological functions are the result of the interaction of many processes, that connect different hierarchy levels going from macroscopic to microscopic level. Each process works in different way, with its own goal, complexity and hierarchy level. In addition, it is common to observe that changes in the conditions, such as nutrients or environment, modify the behavior of the systems. So, to describe the behavior of a biological system over time, it is convenient to combine different types of models: continuous models for gradual changes, discrete models for instantaneous changes, deterministic models for completely predictable behaviors, and stochastic or non- deterministic models to describe behaviors with imprecise or incomplete information. In this thesis we use the theory of Composition and Hybrid Systems as basis, and the BioRica framework as tool to model biological systems and analyze their emergent properties in silico.With respect to Hybrid Systems, we considered continuous models given by sets of differential equations or more general dynamics. We used Stochastic Transition Systems to describe the dynamics of model changes, allowing cofficient switches that control the parameters of the continuous model, and strong switches that choose different models. Composition, reconciliation and reusing of models allow us to build complete and consistent descriptions of complex biological systems by combining them. Compositions of hybrid systems are hybrid systems, and the refinement of a model forming part of a composed system results in a refinement of the composed system. To implement our approach ideas we complemented the theory of our approach with the improving of the BioRica framework. We contributed to do that giving a BioRica specification of Hybrid Systems that assures integrity of models, allowing composition, reconciliation, and reuse of models with SBML specification.We applied our approach to describe two systems: wine fermentation kinetics, and cell fate decisions leading to bone and fat formation. In the case of wine fermentation, we reused known models that describe the responses of yeasts cells to different temperatures, quantities of resources and toxins, and we reconciled these models choosing the model with best adjustment to experimental data depending on the initial conditions and fermentation variable. The resulting model can be applied to avoid process problems as stuck and sluggish fermentations. With respect to cell fate decisions the idea is very ambitious. By using accurate models to predict the bone and fat formation in response to activation of pathways such as the Wnt pathway, and changes of conditions affecting these functions such as increments in Homocysteine, one can analyze the responses to treatments for osteoporosis and other bone mass disorders. We think that here we are giving a first step to obtain in silico evaluations of medical treatments before testing them in vitro or in vivo.
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