1 |
Efeito terapeutico de virazole sobre os virus causadores do enrolamento da folha, anel do pimentão e tristeza dos citrosBaptista, Celia Regina 27 July 1995 (has links)
Orientador: Jorge Vega / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-20T18:10:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Baptista_CeliaRegina_M.pdf: 10046267 bytes, checksum: 9f4cdc2c74acd2b3cc7ebea8e3d6983b (MD5)
Previous issue date: 1995 / Resumo: Com o objetivo de estudar o efeito quimioterápico de Virazole (1-ß-Dribofuranosil -1,2,4 - triazol-3 - carboxamida) in vitro sobre vírus de plantas, dois modelos de estudo foram realizados. No primeiro utilizou-se calos de videira Vitis vinifera, Seibel 2, infectados com o vírus do enrolamento da folha da videira (VEFV), e calos de fumo Nicotiana tabacum "TNN" e Gomphrena globosa L. infectados com o vírus do anel do pimentão (VAP). No segundo, foi utilizado um modelo aplicado, visando a obtenção de plantas de limoeiro Galego Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swing) livres do vírus da tristeza dos citros "citrus tristeza virus" (CTV). Os objetivos específicos foram: 1) Testar o efeito do Virazole em calos cultivados in vitro, comparando: a) diferentes tipos de vírus (closterovirus e tobravirus) e b) efeito do. Virazole sobre um mesmo vírus em duas espécies de plantas hospedeiras. 2) Avaliar a possibilidade do uso de Virazole para obtenção de plantas cítricas livres do CTV por minienxertia realizada in vitro. Os resultados mostraram que o Virazole inibiu a multiplicação dos 3 vírus em estudo (VEFV, VAP e CTV), pertencentes a dois grupos distintos: closterovirus (VEFV e CTV) e tobravirus (V AP). A utilização de calos infectados com vírus e tratados com Virazole in vitro, mostrou ser um modelo de estudo eficiente para avaliar o efeito desse composto quimioterápico sobre vírus de planta. A indexação serológica; das amostras coletadas a cada subcultura dos calos permitiu acompanhar a evolução do conteúdo de vírus no decorrer de várias subculturas sucessivas. Os resultados mostraram de modo geral, que a quantidade de vírus presente varia muito pouco nas culturas de calos mantidas em ausência de Virazole. As concentrações mais baixas utilizadas não inibiram a multiplicação dos vírus, ao passo que concentrações mais altas do produto provocaram uma diminuição progressiva da concentração de vírus a cada subcultura até que as partículas virais não foram mais detectadas nos testes serológicos. O desenvolvimento da cultura foi afetado por concentrações altas de Virazole, sendo que algumas concentrações foram fitotóxicas, dependendo da planta e do tecido tratado. Em calos de videira infectados com VEFV o significativa a replicação do vírus. A inibição foi proporcional Virazole inibiu de maneira à concentração do produto utilizada. À 50 ppm não foram detectadas partículas virais nos testes serológicos. O Virazole atuou rapidamente em diminuir a concentração do VEFV à um nível baixo em calos em proliferação, porém, um longo período de incubação foi necessário para obter completa supressão dos vírus. Esses resultados são consistentes com a possibilidade de que a atividade antiviral do Virazole se manifesta por sua ação na síntese de novas partículas mais do que uma inativação direta dos vírus existentes. O Virazole foi capaz de inibir a multiplicação do V AP em calos de fumo, mas não em calos de G. globosa. Em fumo a concentração de 200 ppm eliminou os vírus presentes nos calos, enquanto que em calos de G. globosa o Virazole não foi efetivo em nenhuma das concentrações testadas. Possivelmente essas plantas apresentam vias metabólicas alternativas para a replicação do RNA viral ( e não aquela inibida pelo Virazole). A eficiência do Virazole em eliminar o V AP foi também dependente do estágio de desenvolvimento dos tecidos tratados. O Virazole inibiu a multiplicação de vírus quando pedaços de folhas foram utilizados como explantes, porém, ocorreu pouca ou nenhuma inibição quando células de calos não organizados foram tratadas com Virazole. O Virazole inibiu a multiplicação do CTV à concentração de 200 ppm. Essa inibição foi verificada pela ausência de sintomas específicos do vírus da tristeza nas plantas obtidas. As plantas cresceram tão bem quanto as plantas sadias. O Virazole não foi efetivo à 100 ppm. Nessa concentração o vírus provocou paralisação do crescimento das plantas e as folhas apresentaram sintomas de palidez das nervuras, específicos da doença. Esses resultados foram confirmados por ELISA e "Western-blot". Com bases nesses resultados, conclui-se que o Virazole é um quimioterápico eficiente para a obtenção de plantas livres de vírus, dependendo da espécie vegetal, do vírus envolvido e das condições de tratamento / Mestrado / Fisiologia Vegetal / Mestre em Ciências Biológicas
|
2 |
The role of leukotrienes in diseases causing chronic airway obstruction in childrenCook, Arlene Jane January 1996 (has links)
No description available.
|
3 |
Effects of Ribavirin on Normal Rat Kidney Cells and Chicken Embryo Fibroblasts Infected with Rous Sarcoma VirusJenkins, Frank J. 04 1900 (has links)
Ribavirin, a synthetic nucleoside, was found to inhibit the replication of Rous sarcoma viruses (RSV) and subsequent cell transformation in chick embryo fibroblasts (CEF). It also blocked the transformation of normal rat kidney (NRK) cells infected with temperature-sensitive mutants of RSV. The action of Ribavirin was found to be reversible as removal of the drug from the NRK cells reversed the effects on cell transformation. Ribavirin appears to have a static effect on cell growth of both NRK and CEF cells. In addition, guanosine, xanthosine and inosine altered the effect of Ribavirin on cell growth.
|
4 |
Chronic hepatitis C infection: diagnosis, fibrosis progression and interferon therapyHui, Chee-kin., 許志堅. January 2003 (has links)
published_or_final_version / abstract / toc / Medicine / Master / Doctor of Medicine
|
5 |
Epidemiology and natural history of respiratory syncytial virus in hospitalized children an evaluation of ribavirin utilization and clinical effectiveness.Ohmit, Suzanne E. January 1993 (has links)
Thesis (D.P.H.)--University of Michigan.
|
6 |
Epidemiology and natural history of respiratory syncytial virus in hospitalized children an evaluation of ribavirin utilization and clinical effectiveness.Ohmit, Suzanne E. January 1993 (has links)
Dissertation (D.P.H.)--University of Michigan.
|
7 |
Modeling The Population Dynamics Of Erythrocytes To Identify Optimal Drug Dosages For The Treatment Of Hepatitis C Virus InfectionKrishnan, Sheeja M 07 1900 (has links) (PDF)
The current treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection – combination therapy
with pegylated interferon and ribavirin – elicits sustained responses in only ~50% of
the patients treated. Greater cumulative exposure to ribavirin increases response to
interferon-ribavirin combination therapy. A key limitation, however, is the toxic sideeffect of ribavirin, hemolytic anemia, which often necessitates a reduction of ribavirin dosage and compromises treatment response. Maximizing treatment response thus
requires striking a balance between the antiviral and hemolytic activities of ribavirin.
Current models of viral kinetics describe the enhancement of treatment response due
to ribavirin. Ribavirin-induced anemia, however, remains poorly understood and
precludes rational optimization of combination therapy.
Here, we develop a new mathematical model of the population dynamics of erythrocytes that quantitatively describes ribavirin-induced anemia in HCV patients.
Based on the assumption that ribavirin accumulation decreases erythrocyte lifespan in a dose-dependent manner, model predictions capture several independent
experimental observations of the accumulation of ribavirin in erythrocytes and the resulting decline of hemoglobin in HCV patients undergoing combination therapy,
estimate the reduced erythrocyte lifespan in patients and describe inter-patient
variations in the severity of ribavirin-induced anemia. Further, model predictions
estimate the threshold ribavirin exposure beyond which anemia becomes intolerable
and suggest guidelines for the usage of growth hormones. A small fraction of the
population (~30%) with polymorphisms in the ITPA gene shows protection from
ribavirin-induced anemia. The optimum dosage of ribavirin that can be tolerated is
then dependent on the ITPA polymorphisms. Coupled with a previous population
pharmacokinetic study, our model yields a facile formula for estimating the optimum
dosage given a patient’s weight, creatinine clearance, pretreatment hemoglobin levels,
and ITPA polymorphism. The reduced lifespan we predict is in agreement with independent measurements from breath tests as well as estimates derived from in vitro studies of ATP depletion. The latter estimates also agree with the extent of ATP depletion due to ribavirin that we predict from a detailed analysis of the nucleoside metabolism in erythrocytes.
Our model thus facilitates in conjunction with models of viral kinetics the rational
identification of treatment protocols. Our formula for optimum dose presents an
avenue for personalizing ribavirin dosage. By keeping anemia tolerable, the predicted
optimal dosage may improve adherence, reduce the need for drug monitoring, and
increase response rates.
|
8 |
Prevence virové hepatitidy typu C u injekčních uživatelů drog - proléčenost virové hepatitidy typu C mezi injekčními uživateli drog, účinnost léčby a související faktory na straně systému péče / Prevention of hepatitis C virus infection among injecting drug users - hepatitis C virus infection treatment rate among injecting drug users, treatment efficacy and related factors on the side of treatment systemMravčík, Viktor January 2013 (has links)
Background: Injecting drug users (IDUs) represent considerable group of patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). HCV treatment is an effective tool for reduction of HCV transmissions among IDUs. Nevertheless treatment rate among IDUs is rather insufficient. Treatment uptake, provision and adherence as well as its efficacy in IDUs are determined by number of specific factors. Aims: Mapping an extent of the provision of HCV treatment to IDUs in the Czech Republic, rules and practices for the admission of IDUs into HCV treatment and its provision, describing relevant factors related to drug use. Material and methods: From January to March 2011, a questionnaire survey among centres for treatment of viral hepatitis in the Czech Republic was conducted. 76 identified centres were addressed, of which 45 (59%) responded, and 40 (53%) filled in an online questionnaire. Results: Estimated number of centres treated HCV with combination of pegylated interferon α and ribavirin in the Czech Republic in 2010 was 61, 39 of them treated IDUs. Estimated 780 persons were treated, of whom 370 were (mostly ex-) IDUs. Reported treatment uptake in IDUs was 60% on average (range 0-90%). Treatment is completed by 80% of IDUs on average (0-100%) according to clinicians. Most clinicians reported no difference in the treatment...
|
9 |
Physiopathologie du traitement de l'hépatite chronique C par les interférons, la ribavirine et les inhibiteurs spécifiques / Antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis C : efficacy, resistance to interferon, mechanism of action of ribavirin, new therapeutic approachHézode, Christophe 21 November 2011 (has links)
Pas de résumé français / Pas de résumé anglais
|
10 |
Entwicklung einer HPLC-Methode zur Bestimmung des Ribavirinplasmaspiegels bei Patienten mit chronischer Hepatitis-C-Infektion / Development of an HPLC-Method to analyse the Ribavirinplasmalevel of patients with chronic Hepatitis-C-InfectionBöckenhoff, Alexandra January 2010 (has links) (PDF)
In der Promotion wird die Entwicklung, Optimierung und Validierung einer Reversed-phase-Chromatography Methode zur Messung des Ribavirinplasmaspiegels beschrieben. Diese wurde mit einer Solid Phase Extraction zur Probenvorbereitung kombiniert. Zudem finden sich zahlreiche Auswertungen von gemessenen Patienenchromatogrammen zu ausgewählten, klinisch relevanten Fragestellungen, wie beispielsweise die Darstellung des Ribavirinplasmaspiegels im Tagesverlauf, im Verlauf der ersten sechs Therapiewochen, im Vergleich von Männern und Frauen, sowie bei einem niereninsuffizienten Patienten. Zu den erhobenen Ergebnissen wird Stellung genommen, und daraus resultierende Schlussfolgerungen bezüglich einer zukünftigen Optimierung der Hepatitis-C-Therapie kommentiert. / The doctorate program will describe the development, optimization and validation of a reversed phase chromatography method for measuring ribavirinplasma levels. This has been combined with solid phase extraction for preparing samples. In addition, numerous analyses of patients’ chromatograms are included relative to clinically relevant questions such as the depiction of ribavirinplasma levels during the course of a day, during the course of the first six weeks of therapy, in comparison to other men and women as well as patients suffering from kidney insufficiencies. The collected data will be commented on, as well as the resulting implications relative to a future optimization of hepatitis-C therapy.
|
Page generated in 0.0305 seconds