M.Ing. / The focus of this dissertation is on the evaluation of management in traffic safety, and how it is applied, using the Road Traffic Management Corporation (RTMC) as a case study. Road Traffic Management in South Africa is in a state of crisis. The constitution provides for concurrency with respect to road traffic management, however, no mechanism has been implemented for co-operation and coordination. It has been found that the current institutional arrangements are not conducive to co-ordination and rapid interventions. Due to the scarcity of resources and the desire to streamline the institutional arrangements, an innovative model has been developed which will perform road traffic management collectively, the Road Traffic Management Corporation, RTMC. The implementation of the RTMC will require full co-operation and acceptance by all the various departments concerned, from National Government level, through to Provincial levels, and the Local Authorities. Before the Corporation can be implemented, the funding needs to be secured, and the source of the funding must be stable and committed. The implementing of such a corporation will be delicate, and organizational structure needs to be clear to all parties. At this early stage of the RTMC, the methods of management already used by the RTMC need to be compared to proper management principles, to ensure that the RTMC will have the best structure to ensure its success. Any uncertainties or concerns that may exist among those involved at lower levels can be communicated to top-level management implementing the corporation. By conducting an independent, external investigation, any short falls can be identified which may have been over looked previously. This dissertation aims to ensure that the RTMC adheres to the relevant management principles, focussing on the objective of improving road safety. A questionnaire is devised for the National Department of Transport, so that an independent view of the vision of the RTMC can be acquired. The organizational structure proposed by the RTMC is examined and evaluated to determine the relationship, communication channels, functions and responsibilities, which are intended between the various levels of management and stakeholders. The funding of a corporation such as the RTMC is considered, as the source of such funds needs to be secured before the RTMC can be implemented. A preliminary budget prepared for the RTMC is compared to what funding has been made available. The main objective of the RTMC is to improve road safety. Therefore, the process it intends to use is evaluated to determine whether the goals it intends to achieve through this process are realistic. The engineering function required to improve road safety will also be evaluated in terms of what can be done by engineers to improve the safety on South African roads.

Von Fahrzeugen des Öffentlichen Verkehrs sind deren Positionen bekannt, wenn sie informationstechnisch in ein Betriebsleitsystem eingebunden sind. Über die auf dem Streckenband zwischen Meldepunkten zurückgelegte Wegstecke und die jeweils dafür benötigte Zeit kann auf die mittlere Geschwindigkeit geschlossen werden. Aus dieser wiederum kann eine Verkehrslageaussage abgeleitet werden. In wie weit diese für den Gesamtverkehrsstrom gültig, belastbar und richtlinienkonform ist, welche Randbedingungen für eine Auswertung einzuhalten sind, welche Verfahren sich zur Aufbereitung anbieten und welche Nutzungsszenarien unterstützt werden, wird aufgezeigt.

The selection of the most appropriate traffic control actions to solve non-recurrent traffic congestion is a complex task which requires significant expert knowledge and experience. In this thesis we develop and investigate the application of an intelligent traffic control decision support system for road traffic management to assist the human operator to identify the most suitable control actions in order to deal with non-recurrent and non-predictable traffic congestion in a real-time situation. Our intelligent system employs a Fuzzy Neural Networks (FNN) Tool that combines the capabilities of fuzzy reasoning in measuring imprecise and dynamic factors and the capabilities of neural networks in terms of learning processes. In this work we present an effective learning approach with regard to the FNN-Tool, which consists of three stages: initializing the membership functions of both input and output variables by determining their centres and widths using self-organizing algorithms; employing an evolutionary Genetic Algorithm (GA) based learning method to identify the fuzzy rules; tune the derived structure and parameters using the back-propagation learning algorithm. We evaluate experimentally the performance and the prediction capability of this three-stage learning approach using well-known benchmark examples. Experimental results demonstrate the ability of the learning approach to identify all relevant fuzzy rules from the training data. A comparative analysis shows that the proposed learning approach has a higher degree of predictive capability than existing models. We also address the scalability issue of our intelligent traffic control decision support system by using a multi-agent based approach. The large network is divided into sub-networks, each of which has its own associated agent. Finally, our intelligent traffic control decision support system is applied to a number of road traffic case studies using the traffic network in Riyadh, in Saudi Arabia. The results obtained are promising and show that our intelligent traffic control decision support system can provide an effective support for real-time traffic control.

The selection of the most appropriate traffic control actions to solve non-recurrent traffic congestion is a complex task which requires significant expert knowledge and experience. In this thesis we develop and investigate the application of an intelligent traffic control decision support system for road traffic management to assist the human operator to identify the most suitable control actions in order to deal with non-recurrent and non-predictable traffic congestion in a real-time situation. Our intelligent system employs a Fuzzy Neural Networks (FNN) Tool that combines the capabilities of fuzzy reasoning in measuring imprecise and dynamic factors and the capabilities of neural networks in terms of learning processes. In this work we present an effective learning approach with regard to the FNN-Tool, which consists of three stages: initializing the membership functions of both input and output variables by determining their centres and widths using self-organizing algorithms; employing an evolutionary Genetic Algorithm (GA) based learning method to identify the fuzzy rules; tune the derived structure and parameters using the back-propagation learning algorithm. We evaluate experimentally the performance and the prediction capability of this three-stage learning approach using well-known benchmark examples. Experimental results demonstrate the ability of the learning approach to identify all relevant fuzzy rules from the training data. A comparative analysis shows that the proposed learning approach has a higher degree of predictive capability than existing models. We also address the scalability issue of our intelligent traffic control decision support system by using a multi-agent based approach. The large network is divided into sub-networks, each of which has its own associated agent. Finally, our intelligent traffic control decision support system is applied to a number of road traffic case studies using the traffic network in Riyadh, in Saudi Arabia. The results obtained are promising and show that our intelligent traffic control decision support system can provide an effective support for real-time traffic control.

Von Fahrzeugen des Öffentlichen Verkehrs sind deren Positionen bekannt, wenn sie informationstechnisch in ein Betriebsleitsystem eingebunden sind. Über die auf dem Streckenband zwischen Meldepunkten zurückgelegte Wegstecke und die jeweils dafür benötigte Zeit kann auf die mittlere Geschwindigkeit geschlossen werden. Aus dieser wiederum kann eine Verkehrslageaussage abgeleitet werden. In wie weit diese für den Gesamtverkehrsstrom gültig, belastbar und richtlinienkonform ist, welche Randbedingungen für eine Auswertung einzuhalten sind, welche Verfahren sich zur Aufbereitung anbieten und welche Nutzungsszenarien unterstützt werden, wird aufgezeigt.

Thesis(MPAM.) -- University of Limpopo, 2021 / Road traffic injuries negatively impact on the health and the development of the world’s population. The situation is not different in South Africa, particularly in Polokwane, Limpopo Province. In this area, over the past years there has been a steady annual increase of the number of fatalities in the national and provincial roads. This has necessitated the national department of transport to implement mitigating plans with the objective of promoting road safety. It is envisaged that if national road safety plan known as the National Rolling Enforcement Plan (NREP) is clearly defined and effectively implemented, the road fatalities can drastically be reduced. The plan provides some focus areas to be looked at in a way to promote road safety and reduce road accidents. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the NREP, whether it is consistently implemented; and to identify the gaps that affect the implementation process, and to recommend the mitigating factors that will improve the implementation processes of the NREP. A mixed method research approach was used in conducting the study. The first phase entails the collection of quantitative data through structured questionnaires involving traffic officers and traffic managers; while a second phase entails qualitative data collected through focus group discussions that involved traffic officers. The results show the extent at which the traffic officers are involved in the implementation of the NREP. To note, the findings are generalised to the national traffic operations. The study focussed on only one geographical area, namely Limpopo province in South Africa, and not on road transport operations in other parts of the country. Future research should expand on the nationalisation of traffic law enforcement officers.