O crescimento do número de Barragens de Enrocamento com Face de Concreto (BEFC) no Brasil e no mundo e os problemas relacionados com a movimentação da face motivaram o desenvolvimento deste estudo sobre o comportamento mecânico do enrocamento. Geralmente, as previsões dos movimentos diferenciais do maciço são feitas com base nas características de deformabilidade do material. Este trabalho apresenta um estudo de tensão-deformação de enrocamento baseado em análise numérica de uma seção de barragem de grande altura, com o objetivo de definir o estado e as trajetórias de tensões que influenciam os valores dos parâmetros de deformabilidade. Baseado nas condições de carregamento previstas para o maciço de enrocamento, foi desenvolvida a programação e as metodologias dos ensaios laboratoriais. A partir dos resultados destes ensaios foi possível estimar os parâmetros de deformabilidade do enrocamento a serem utilizados em estudos tensão-deformação. / The important growth in the number of Concrete Face Rockfill Dams (CFRD\'s) in Brazil and in the World, and the reported problems related to movements of the concrete slab, motivated the present study of mechanical behavior of the rockfill. In general, predictions of the differential movements within the rockfill mass are based on the deformation properties of the rockfill materials. This work presents a stress-strain study of the rockfill mass, based on a numerical analysis of a high dam cross section, aiming to define the stress state and stress paths that influence the deformability parameters. Based on the loading condition estimated for the rockfill mass, the program and the methodology for the laboratorial tests was set. From these test results it was possible to estimate the deformability parameters of the rockfill to be used in stress-strain analysis.

[pt] Este trabalho descreve a montagem, calibração e instalação de 80 (oitenta) eletroníveis na face de concreto da Barragem de Mazar, que consiste em uma Barragem de Enrocamento com Face de Concreto de 166 m de altura localizada na parte sudeste do Equador, no rio Paute. A barragem possui taludes a montante de 1,4(H):1,0(V) e a jusante de 1,5(H):1,0(V), com volume de enrocamento de 5.000.000 m3. Os eletroníveis foram instalados ao longo de quatro seções na face de concreto em diferentes etapas do processo construtivo da barragem, permitindo a observação do comportamento deste elemento de vedação desde o inicio da construção. Para a interpretação foram desenvolvidas rotinas que possibilitaram, além da automatização, a criação de uma interface gráfica para acompanhamento. Os resultados indicaram com precisão os deslocamentos da face e acusaram regiões críticas com relação à atuação de momentos fletores, ratificando a importância do monitoramento da face de concreto desde o início da sua execução. / [en] This thesis describes the procedures involved in the montage, calibration and installation of 80 (eighty) electro-levels on the concrete face of Mazar’s dam, located in the Paute river, southeast of Ecuador. This dam consists of a Concrete Face Rockfill Dam 166m high and it has upstream slopes of 1.4(h):1.0(v) and downstream slopes of 1.5(h):1.0(v). The rockfill volume is 5000000 m3. Electro-levels were installed throughout 4 sections on the concrete face in different phases of the dam construction, allowing the behavior observation of its concrete face since the beginning of the construction. For the interpretation of the results, some routines were developed to allow not only the automation of the process but also the development of graphic interface for following the process. The results indicated with precision the face displacements and showed critical regions related to the bending moment, which confirms the importance of monitoring the concrete face during all the construction stages.

With the purpose of studying the mechanical properties of uncompacted rockfill and the creep deformation behaviour of rockfill under a load as well as finding a suitable method for estimation of creep deformation behaviour, a full scale embankment loading experiment was performed. The results of this experiment were then evaluated. During the course of this study it became evident to the author that the deformations which were seen in the collected data from the experiment could be classified as creep deformations due to the linear decrease of the deformation against the logarithm of time and the study therefore came to focus on creep. One constitutive equation and one model for estimation of creep deformations were studied, and parameters were obtained through back analysis of experiment data as well as calculation of soil stresses. The creep model was based on a logarithmic approximation of the creep deformations and the creep equation was based on a power function. The creep model could also be simplified and evaluated as an equation and when a comparison was made between the equations and the measured results this showed that the logarithmic equation resulted in estimates closer to the measured deformations than what the power function did, therefore a logarithmic function is a better approximation to the deformations of the rockfill at Norvik than the power function. When the creep model was evaluated as intended, based on the soil stresses, the resulting creep estimates were less accurate, they was however still within the limits of what can be considered as admissible. The conclusion is that a logarithmic function describes the creep deformation of the rockfill at Norvik better than a power function and that the creep model by Kristensen is suitable for estimating the creep deformations. This since the creep model also provides a way of estimating deformations occurring under stress conditions other than the ones for which the creep test was performed.

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In this study, settlement and seepage behavior of Muratli Dam, which is the first asphalt faced rockfill dam in Turkey, is investigated for the &ldquo / end of construction&rdquo / and &ldquo / reservoir impoundment&rdquo / loading conditions. Two dimensional plane strain finite element analyses are carried out in order to determine the total stresses, displacements and pore water pressures. Hardening soil model is used in order to represent the non-linear, inelastic and stress dependent behavior of rockfill material. Material model parameters are selected mainly referring to the previous studies on the dams consisting of similar materials and then back analyses are done to find the best fit. Calculated stresses, displacements and pore water pressures are compared with the observed values for both end of construction and reservoir filling conditions.

In this study, Bah&ccedil / elik Dam, which is located in Kayseri Province, is investigated by means of horizontal movement due to reservoir loading and seepage inside the core and body. Two dimensional plain strain finite element analyses are carried out in order to find total stresses, displacements and pore water pressures. Mohr-coulomb soil model is used to represent elastic behavior of rock-fill material. Since there is no information about material used in dam body, material parameters are determined by sensitivity analyses being in the range of data acquired from literature survey. Calculated displacement and pore water pressures are compared to the data taken from field survey on actual dam body. As a conclusion remark, it is beleived that the horizontal displacement behaviour of two systems, such as real dam and computer modelling, would not match excatly since the materials used in real dam body would behave as plastic whereas that used in computer modelling assumed to be elastic.

CFRD (Concrete Faced Rockfill Dam) construction becomes more frequent recently not only because of its secure nature, but also its economical cost where its built up material is feasible to obtain. Although CFRDs are known to be safe compared to other dam types, it is behavior during an earthquake loading still not a well-known aspect since it is mostly constructed in regions of low seismicity until now. Considering this fact, this study

In this study, dynamic response of Akk&ouml / pr&uuml / Dam under earthquake motions is analyzed and the permanent displacements are evaluated. Initially, the critical slip surface of the dam and the corresponding yield acceleration are determined by using the computer program SLOPE. Then, by employing the finite element program SAP2000, static analyses are performed to obtain the mean effective stresses which are used in the determination of dynamic material properties of the dam. Four different scenario earthquakes having a magnitude of 7 are used in the dynamic analyses. Two of those scenarios are taken from European Strong Motion Database and the others are generated by XS artificial earthquake generation program prepared by Erdik (1992). Dynamic analyses of the dam are carried out by the finite element program TELDYN. Permanent displacements of the critical slip surface are calculated by utilizing the Newmark method. Consequently, for an earthquake having a magnitude of M=7 and a peak ground acceleration of 0.20g, the maximum permanent displacement of the dam is found to be 15.90 cm. Furthermore, the permanent displacements of the dam are calculated under base motions having different peak ground acceleration values and it is observed that the rate of increase in the amount of permanent displacements is greater than the increase in the amount of peak ground accelerations.

In this study settlement behaviour of K&uuml / rt&uuml / n dam, which is the first concrete faced rockfill dam in Turkey, is investigated. Two dimensional plane strain finite element analyses are carried out in order to determine the total stresses and displacements during construction and reservoir filling conditions. Hardening soil model is used in order to represent the non-linear, inelastic and stress dependent behaviour of rockfill material. Material model parameters are selected mainly referring to the previous studies on the dams consisting of similar materials. Calculated stresses and settlements are compared with the observed values and in general, they were found to be in good agreement for the construction stages. It is seen that, due to the relatively narrow valley and steep abutment slopes, arching is a significant parameter as far as the stresses and settlements are concerned. For the reservoir impounding condition, calculated settlements were found to be slightly larger than the observed values, which may indicate that during the reservoir impounding, the rockfill embankment behaves in a stiffer manner as compared to that of during construction stages.

The goal of the diploma thesis is the numerical modelling of flow in planned spillway of the Boskovice dam. In the introduction of this diploma thesis are described and divided basic spillways according to their types and profiles. There are also mentioned emergency spillways. Then the thesis introduces the description of calculation of overflow quantity, the description of mathematic modelling and used turbulent models. The next part is concerned with the technical description of the Boskovice dam, the creation of virtual 3D model of spillway and spillway chute in the AutoCAD 2020 software and concerned with the control and revision of model in the Blender software. In the end of the thesis are mentioned results of numeric modelling of flow gained from the Flow-3D software and the comparison of results with the research of hydraulic model implemented at Water structures institute of Faculty of Civil Engineering of BUT.