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'Lodge-ical' thinking and development communication : !Xaus Lodge as a public-private community partnership in tourism.Dyll-Myklebust, Lauren. January 2011 (has links)
This thesis explores the interface between community development via tourism and the field of
development communication vis-à-vis a case study of the community-owned and privatelyoperated
!Xaus Lodge in the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park. The research is informed by
Critical Indigenous Qualitative Research that employs interpretive research practices that aim
to be ethical, transformative, participatory and committed to dialogue. The study valorises the
voices of all lodge stakeholders analysing their expectations and how they negotiate the
processes involved in the establishment and operations of the lodge. As a longitudinal study
from 2006 until 2011 it focuses on the processes involved in transforming a failed poverty
alleviation-built tourism asset into a commercial product with a range of benefits for the
community partners. The processes involved are studied and shaped via participatory action
research. This thesis generates a generalised public-private-community lodge partnership
development communication model based on the findings of the !Xaus Lodge case study. The
analysis of !Xaus Lodge is guided by development communication principles and practice such
as the Communication for Participatory Development (CFPD) model, as well as the notion of
pro-poor tourism (PPT). The applicability of these policies, approaches and models is
problematised highlighting the complexity of development on the ground, particularly with
indigenous and local communities. This study sets out the importance of cultural relativity in
development projects whereby possible differences in the stakeholders‟ history, epistemology
and ontology should be taken into consideration if a project is to negotiate both the demands of
commercial viability as well as the symbolic and spiritual needs of the community partners. / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2011.
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Impact of beryllium reflector ageing on Safari–1 reactor core parameters / L.E. MolokoMoloko, Lesego Ernest January 2011 (has links)
The build–up of 6Li and 3He, that is, the strong thermal neutron absorbers or the so called "neutron
poisons", in the beryllium reflector changes the physical characteristics of the reactor, such as
reactivity, neutron spectra, neutron flux level, power distribution, etc.; furthermore,gaseous isotopes
such as 3H and 4He induce swelling and embrittlement of the reflector.
The SAFARI–1 research reactor, operated by Necsa at Pelindaba in South Africa, uses a beryllium
reflector on three sides of the core, consisting of 19 beryllium reflector elements in total. This
MTR went critical in 1965, and the original beryllium reflectors are still used. The individual
neutron irradiation history of each beryllium reflector element, as well as the impact of beryllium
poisoning on reactor parameters, were never well known nor investigated before. Furthermore,
in the OSCAR{3 code system used in predictive neutronic calculations for SAFARI–1, beryllium
reflector burn–up is not accounted for; OSCAR models the beryllium reflector as a non–burnable,
100% pure material. As a result, the poisoning phenomenon is not accounted for. Furthermore,
the criteria and hence the optimum replacement time of the reflector has never been developed.
This study presents detailed calculations, using MCNP, FISPACT and the OSCAR{3 code system,
to quantify the influence of impurities that were originally present in the fresh beryllium reflector,
the beryllium reflector poisoning phenomenon, and further goes on to propose the reflector's
replacement criteria based on the calculated fluence and predicted swelling. Comparisons to
experimental low power flux measurements and effects of safety parameters are also established.
The study concludes that, to improve the accuracy and reliability of the predictive OSCAR code
calculations, beryllium re flector burn–up should undoubtedly be incorporated in the next releases
of OSCAR. Based on this study, the inclusion of the beryllium reflector burn–up chains is planned
for implementation in the currently tested OSCAR–4 code system. In addition to beryllium
reflector poisoning, the replacement criteria of the reflector is developed. It is however crucial
that experimental measurements on the contents of 3H and 4He be conducted and thus swelling
of the reflector be quantifed. In this way the calculated results could be verified and a sound
replacement criteria be developed.
In the absence of experimental measurements on the beryllium reflector, the analysis and
quantifcation of the calculated results is reserved for future studies. / Thesis (M.Sc. Engineering Sciences (Nuclear Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
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Impact of beryllium reflector ageing on Safari–1 reactor core parameters / L.E. MolokoMoloko, Lesego Ernest January 2011 (has links)
The build–up of 6Li and 3He, that is, the strong thermal neutron absorbers or the so called "neutron
poisons", in the beryllium reflector changes the physical characteristics of the reactor, such as
reactivity, neutron spectra, neutron flux level, power distribution, etc.; furthermore,gaseous isotopes
such as 3H and 4He induce swelling and embrittlement of the reflector.
The SAFARI–1 research reactor, operated by Necsa at Pelindaba in South Africa, uses a beryllium
reflector on three sides of the core, consisting of 19 beryllium reflector elements in total. This
MTR went critical in 1965, and the original beryllium reflectors are still used. The individual
neutron irradiation history of each beryllium reflector element, as well as the impact of beryllium
poisoning on reactor parameters, were never well known nor investigated before. Furthermore,
in the OSCAR{3 code system used in predictive neutronic calculations for SAFARI–1, beryllium
reflector burn–up is not accounted for; OSCAR models the beryllium reflector as a non–burnable,
100% pure material. As a result, the poisoning phenomenon is not accounted for. Furthermore,
the criteria and hence the optimum replacement time of the reflector has never been developed.
This study presents detailed calculations, using MCNP, FISPACT and the OSCAR{3 code system,
to quantify the influence of impurities that were originally present in the fresh beryllium reflector,
the beryllium reflector poisoning phenomenon, and further goes on to propose the reflector's
replacement criteria based on the calculated fluence and predicted swelling. Comparisons to
experimental low power flux measurements and effects of safety parameters are also established.
The study concludes that, to improve the accuracy and reliability of the predictive OSCAR code
calculations, beryllium re flector burn–up should undoubtedly be incorporated in the next releases
of OSCAR. Based on this study, the inclusion of the beryllium reflector burn–up chains is planned
for implementation in the currently tested OSCAR–4 code system. In addition to beryllium
reflector poisoning, the replacement criteria of the reflector is developed. It is however crucial
that experimental measurements on the contents of 3H and 4He be conducted and thus swelling
of the reflector be quantifed. In this way the calculated results could be verified and a sound
replacement criteria be developed.
In the absence of experimental measurements on the beryllium reflector, the analysis and
quantifcation of the calculated results is reserved for future studies. / Thesis (M.Sc. Engineering Sciences (Nuclear Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
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Performance Analysis of JavaScriptSmedberg, Fredrik January 2010 (has links)
In the last decade, web browsers have seen a remarkable increase of performance, especially in the JavaScript engines. JavaScript has over the years gone from being a slow and rather limited language, to today have become feature-rich and fast. It’s speed can be around the same or half of comparable code written in C++, but this speed is directly dependent on the choice of the web browser, and the best performance is seen in browsers using JIT compilation techniques. Even though the language has seen a dramatic increase in performance, there’s still major problems regarding memory usage. JavaScript applications typically consume 3-4 times more memory than similar applications written in C++. Many browser vendors, like Opera Software, acknowledge this and are currently trying to optimize their memory usage. This issue is hopefully non-existent within a near future. Because the majority of scientific papers written about JavaScript only compare performance using the industry benchmarks SunSpider and V8, this thesis have chosen to widen the scope. The benchmarks really give no information about how JavaScript stands in comparison to C#, C++ and other popular languages. To be able to compare that, I’ve implemented a GIF decoder, an XML parser and various elementary tests in both JavaScript and C++ to compare how far apart the languages are in terms of speed, memory usage and responsiveness.
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Kampen fortsätter : En studie om kompatibilitetsproblem mellan moderna webbläsare / The fight continues : A study of compatibility problems of modern web browsersTrenkler, Silja January 2006 (has links)
Under 1990-talet utspelade sig en bitter kamp om marknadsandelar mellan de två ledande webbläsare Internet Explorer och Netscape Navigator, det så kallade webbläsar-kriget. Kriget hade till följd att webbläsarna blev nästan helt inkompatibla. Sedan dess pågår en ständig utveckling av gemensamma standarder för webben. Idag är förutsättningarna för kompatibilitet mycket bättre än för tio år sidan, men problemet är inte fullständigt avhjälpt. De moderna webbläsare Internet Explorer 6, Firefox 1.5, Opera 8.5 och Safari kan återge en och samma webbsida visas på olika sätt trots att det finns gemensamma standarder. Syftet med denna uppsats är att ta reda på de tekniska orsakerna bakom problemet samt att ta fram lösningsförslag för att skapa en webbsida som är helt kompatibel i de moderna webbläsarna. Uppsatsen innehåller ett omfattande teorikapitel som behandlar definitioner, historik och problem. Teorin kompletteras av tre fältintervjuer med professionella webbutvecklare. Undersökningarna visar att kompati-bilitetsproblem beror på flera faktorer och att det är omöjligt att skapa en heltäckande lösning som kommer åt alla problem. Men genom att kombinera olika tekniker kan man skapa en metod som täcker en stor del av såväl generella som specifika kompatibilitetsproblemen utan att kollidera med rekommenderade standarder. / During the 1990’s the two leading web browsers, Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator, fought each other in a battle for market shares, the so-called browser war. This war caused almost complete incompatibility between the web browsers. Since then, there has been a continual development of common standards for the web. Today conditions for compatibility are a lot better compared to ten years ago, but the problem is not completely solved. The modern web browsers Internet Explorer 6, Firefox 1.5, Opera 8.5 and Safari can display the exact same web page differently despite common standards. The aim of this essay is to investigate the technical causes of the problem and to develop suggested solutions for creating a web page that is fully compatible in modern browsers. The essay contains an extensive literature study, considering definitions, history and problems. The theory was completed with three field interviews with professional web designers. The investigations show that compatibility problems depend on several factors and that it is impossible to create one exhaustive solution that encompasses all problems. However, by combining different techniques one can create a method that covers a large part of both general and specific compatibility problems without colliding with recommended standards.
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