No description available.

The purpose of this research was to examine the safety expectations of new recruits and their managers in the workplace. For most informational exchanges, researchers have begun to look at the psychological contract for guidance, although very few studies have actually looked at whether this concept could be applied to safety research. Entering a working environment with unrealistic safety expectations poses danger, not only for the individual, but it can also affect everyone around them. Previous research in the safety field has provided little information as to what new recruits expect, and has failed to identify who these individuals are trusting with the responsibility of their safety. The current research looks to establish the existence of three different hypotheses looking at new recruits’ safety expectations, their trust and also their degree of perceived risk. Eighty participants were obtained via a Government funded program named the Gateway, half the participants were new recruits from high school (with a mean age of 17) who were beginning a new job, and the other half were their managers (with a mean age of 42). For the new recruits’, there was an even split in gender, although for the managers, there were 24 females and 16 males. All participants were asked to complete a safety questionnaire. Results were supportive for two of the three hypotheses and provided information that showed unrealistic safety expectations from the new recruits. The data also demonstrated that new recruits with high expectations were more likely to trust their co-workers and management with their safety. Finally, when looking at perceived job risk for new recruits, no significant results were found, which suggests that risk, has very little influence upon new recruits’ safety expectations. Future research could examine how information could be exchanged during the recruitment phase in order to provide more realistic safety expectations.

The purose of the study is to increase knowledge regarding systematic enviromentarl work in an organization that works with road services. Work on the road is done in a hazardous environment with constant danger regarding the life of the individual. The site of the work varies in accordance with where the needs ae . This requires skilled workers capable of working independently and that they are experienced din doing their own risk assessments in accordance with the individual believes that the situation calls for work to be performed safely. The study was conducted with a qualitative research approach in which four employees of different positions, knowledge, experience and vision to work in a hazardous environment were interviewed. The focus rests on the organization, management, and individual aspirations for a safe and secure working environment. The study adds weight to the relationship between the purchaser of the work and the organization as a prime contractor due to the compexity of the organization. Current safety legislation and related regulations are presented for an understanding of what conditions the work is performed in, Furthermore, I have focused efforts on a number of variables including motivation, safety behavior, safety climate, risk and risk perception. The survey results shows that the work on the road is specific in nature, communication with the climate and motivation of safety is of great importance to create a safe and secure environment for the skilled worker to reside in.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

Highway safety evaluation has traditionally been performed using crash data. However crash data based safety analysis has limitations in terms of timeliness and efficiency. Previous studies show that the use of surrogate safety data allows for earlier evaluation of safety in comparison to the significantly longer time horizon required for collecting crash data. However, the predictive capability of surrogate measures is an area of ongoing research. Previous studies have often resulted in inconsistent findings in the relationship between surrogates and crashes, one of the primary reasons being inconsistent definitions of a conflict. This study evaluated the effectiveness of certain surrogate measures (Acceleration-Deceleration profile, intersection entering speed of through vehicles, and Post Encroachment Time (PET)) in assessing the safety of opposing left-turn interactions at 4-legged signalized intersections by collection of time resolved video from eighteen selected intersections throughout Georgia. Overall, this research demonstrated that surrogate measures can be effective in safety evaluation, specifically demonstrating the use of PET as a surrogate for crashes between left-turning vehicles and opposing through vehicles. The analysis of data found that the selected surrogate threshold is critical to the effectiveness of any surrogate measure. For example, the required PET threshold was found to be as low as 1 second to identify high crash intersections, significantly lower than the commonly reported 3 second threshold. Non-parametric rank analysis methods and generalized linear modeling techniques were used to model PET with other intersection and traffic characteristics to demonstrate the degree to which these surrogates can be used to identify potential high-crash intersections without resorting to a crash history. Finally, the effectiveness of PET and its assistance to decision makers is also been demonstrated through an example that helped find errors in reported crash data.

This study describes and discusses the marine casualties, the effectiveness of existing traffic services, and marine safety and Vessel Traffic Service(VTS) in Korean coastal waters. Marine traffic is comprehensively assessed in Korean waters, an analysis of casualties is undertaken by block scheme. Marine environmental parameters are identified relating to marine casualties as appropriate. Various statistical techniques are employed to evaluate the inter-relationships between individual causal factors, and for the first time effect level is instituted to quantify the relative importance of the causal factors in Korean waters. A further innovation is the examination of the adequacy of existing Korean traffic services by casualty and traffic analysis, and an accident danger index is introduced to compare accident danger over different .time periods. A mixed population of contributors to marine safety is sought by questionnaire. The design of this is both innovative and original in content in order to evaluate the perceived importance of the various risk factors, the marginal effectiveness of various options in reducing risks, and their weight with regard to YTS services and activities, the main part of the study uses an original multiple coefficient to estimate casualty reduction rate and a new method to quantify the effectiveness of VTS. The Korean waters traffic study is conducted as an intermediate level and provides the data base for the main body of work. The conclusions include recommendations with respect to the stricter enforcement of the routeing scheme(TSS) and the adoption of further traffic observation/surveillance over the areas concerned. Finally it is noted in particular that additional Vessel Traffic Service and Traffic Separation Schemes are now required if any substantial improvement is to be achieved in marine traffic safety in Korean coastal waters.

Occupational safety is gaining a higher profile across all sectors of the United Kingdom's economy. This is largely a result of developments in legislation, increased indemnity insurance and the successful promotion of safety practice through the work of the Health and Safety Executive and the writings of health and safety professionals. This thesis has been undertaken to develop a dynamic simulation model of occupational safety strategy using system dynamics and empirically test it in an industrial setting. The work also seeks to capture a measure of the suitability of the occupational safety model as a pedagogic and decision-making aid. The results show that the occupational safety model was successfully developed, tested and evaluated within a firm. A range of alternative scenarios which suggested reductions in accidents at work and the costs of running a safety management system were predicted by the model. The relevant managers of the industrial enterprise were able to appreciate the model's capability for acting as an instruction tool to improve safety in the workplace. They were also able to judge the usefulness of the model for reducing occupational accidents and their related costs.

No description available.