京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(情報学) / 甲第24265号 / 情博第809号 / 新制||情||136(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院情報学研究科数理工学専攻 / (主査)教授 梅野 健, 教授 山下 信雄, 准教授 加嶋 健司 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Informatics / Kyoto University / DFAM

Les systèmes alimentaires alternatifs font partie des stratégies prometteuses pour améliorer l’accès aux fruits et légumes (FL) frais des populations défavorisées et mal desservies. Peu de données probantes existent pour saisir leur portée et leur efficacité. Suite à l’implantation d’un kiosque maraîcher à la sortie d’une station de métro de Montréal, cette étude vise à analyser l’évolution de sa fréquentation, du profil de ses utilisateurs et les caractéristiques des utilisateurs rapportant une augmentation de leurs achats de FL au cours des deux premières saisons. Deux sources de données ont été analysées : les données de ventes recueillies par une application de paiement mobile et une enquête répétée auprès des utilisateurs (2016, n=214 ; 2017, n=151). Une augmentation significative de la fréquentation a été observée, les utilisateurs de 2017 achetaient plus au kiosque. Une plus grande proportion d’entre eux le fréquentait hebdomadairement et rapportait une consommation d'au moins 5 FL/jour. Les utilisateurs de 2017 étaient majoritairement plus favorisés qu’en 2016. En 2017, 23% affirmaient acheter davantage de FL, comparativement à 12% en 2016. Les caractéristiques des 23% correspondraient davantage à la population ciblée. Par ailleurs, ils étaient plus susceptibles de fréquenter le kiosque hebdomadairement, de percevoir peu abordables les FL de leur quartier et de ne pas avoir accès à une automobile. Un an après son ouverture, le kiosque affiche un certain succès, mais sa capacité à rejoindre les populations défavorisées est mitigée. Au-delà de l'amélioration de l'accès physique, l’ajout d’incitatifs réduisant les barrières économiques serait plus efficace pour diminuer les inégalités de santé. / Alternative food systems have the potential to enhance physical and economic access to fruits and vegetables (FV) for vulnerable and underserved populations. The evaluation of their scope and their effectiveness requires additional efforts. Following the implementation of a FV stand next to a subway station in Montreal, this study aims to determine the evolution of its attendance, shoppers’ profile and the characteristics of shoppers reporting an increase in their FV purchases between the first and second season. Two sets of data were collected: details of all sales data and on-site surveys (2016, n = 214; 2017, n = 151). A significant increase in attendance was observed: 2017’s shoppers purchased more FV at the stand. A larger proportion of 2017 shoppers frequented it weekly and reported an intake of at least 5 FV / day. However, a larger proportion were wealthier. In 2017, 23 % of shoppers reported an increase of their FV purchases. compared to 12% in 2016. These 23% of shoppers would have characteristics of the originally targeted deprived population. They were also more likely to attend the stand weekly, to perceive FV’s neighborhood unaffordable and not to have access to a car. One-year post-implementation, the FV stand present a potential success. However, its reach to disadvantaged populations is mixed. Beyond improving physical access, include incentive strategies to reduce economic barriers would be relevant in reducing social and health inequalities.

The concepts of 'data warehousing' and 'on-line analytical processing' have seen a growing interest in the research and commercial product community. Today, the trend moves away from complex centralized data warehouses to distributed data marts integrated in a common conceptual schema. However, as the first part of this paper demonstrates, there are many problems and little solutions for large distributed decision support systems in worldwide operating corporations. After showing the benefits and problems of the distributed approach, this paper outlines possibilities for achieving performance in distributed online analytical processing. Finally, the architectural framework of the prototypical distributed OLAP system CUBESTAR is outlined.

Submitted by SANTIAGO BURGADA (sburgada@maxam.net) on 2015-01-25T12:10:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTATION SANTIAGO BURGADA CORPORATE INTERNATIONAL MASTERS SUBMISSION VERSION.pdf: 3588309 bytes, checksum: b70385fd690a43ddea32379f34b4afe9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2015-02-04T19:27:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTATION SANTIAGO BURGADA CORPORATE INTERNATIONAL MASTERS SUBMISSION VERSION.pdf: 3588309 bytes, checksum: b70385fd690a43ddea32379f34b4afe9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2015-02-11T13:27:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTATION SANTIAGO BURGADA CORPORATE INTERNATIONAL MASTERS SUBMISSION VERSION.pdf: 3588309 bytes, checksum: b70385fd690a43ddea32379f34b4afe9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-11T13:34:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTATION SANTIAGO BURGADA CORPORATE INTERNATIONAL MASTERS SUBMISSION VERSION.pdf: 3588309 bytes, checksum: b70385fd690a43ddea32379f34b4afe9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-10-29 / Industrial companies in developing countries are facing rapid growths, and this requires having in place the best organizational processes to cope with the market demand. Sales forecasting, as a tool aligned with the general strategy of the company, needs to be as much accurate as possible, in order to achieve the sales targets by making available the right information for purchasing, planning and control of production areas, and finally attending in time and form the demand generated. The present dissertation uses a single case study from the subsidiary of an international explosives company based in Brazil, Maxam, experiencing high growth in sales, and therefore facing the challenge to adequate its structure and processes properly for the rapid growth expected. Diverse sales forecast techniques have been analyzed to compare the actual monthly sales forecast, based on the sales force representatives’ market knowledge, with forecasts based on the analysis of historical sales data. The dissertation findings show how the combination of both qualitative and quantitative forecasts, by the creation of a combined forecast that considers both client´s demand knowledge from the sales workforce with time series analysis, leads to the improvement on the accuracy of the company´s sales forecast.