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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

CaracterizaÃÃo fenotÃpica, perfil de sensibilidade antifÃngica e estocagem de malassezia SSP / Phenotypic characterization, antifungal susceptibility profile and storage malassezia SSP

JoÃo Jaime Giffoni Leite 28 August 2008 (has links)
O gÃnero Malassezia abrange leveduras lipofÃlicas e lipodependentes que, apÃs vÃrias mudanÃas em sua classificaÃÃo taxonÃmica, compreende na atualidade 13 espÃcies, incluindo M. pachydermatis, M. furfur, M. globosa, M. obtusa, M. sympodialis, M. slooffiae, M. restricta, M. dermatis, M. japonica, M. yamatoensis, M. nana, M. caprae e M. eqÃina. Estas leveduras estÃo associadas a vÃrias enfermidades que incluem infecÃÃes, como a pitirÃase versicolor ou dermatoses, dermatite seborrÃica e dermatite atÃpica, entre outras. O objetivo geral deste trabalho foi contribuir para melhor entendimento sobre a identificaÃÃo fenotÃpica, manutenÃÃo em micoteca e sensibilidade a antifÃngicos in vitro de Malassezia spp.. A fenotipagem baseou-se nas caracterÃsticas macro e micromorfolÃgicas, bem como anÃlises em bioquÃmicas e nutricionais. Doze cepas de diferentes espÃcies de Malassezia spp. sofreram estocagem a -80ÂC sob Ãleos vegetais. A tÃcnica de microdiluiÃÃo foi realizada em caldo RPMI 1640, suplementado com bile, glicerol e Tween 20, sendo complementada com subcultivo em Ãgar Dixon, para determinaÃÃo da concentraÃÃo inibitÃria mÃnima (CIM) e da concentraÃÃo fungicida mÃnima (CFM). As drogas testadas foram Cetoconazol (CET), Itraconazol (ITR), Fluconazol (FLU), Voriconazol (VOR), Anfotericina B (ANB) e Caspofungina (CAS). Com a anÃlise fenotÃpica convencional das cepas (n=38), pode-se sugerir a presenÃa de M. furfur/ M. dermatis (n=17), M. sympodialis (n=8), M. slooffiae (n=5) e M. pachydermatis (n=8). O estoque realizado em Ãleos vegetais a -80ÂC demonstrou significativas taxas de recuperaÃÃo, no entanto caracterÃsticas fisiolÃgicas foram alteradas como _-glicosidase e assimilaÃÃo de Chremophor EL. A maioria das cepas estudadas (84,21%), M. pahydermatis e cepas lipodependentes, foram sensÃveis ao CET e ITR, obtendo valores de CIM &#61603;&#61472;0,03&#956;g/mL. Para o FLU, os valores de CIM variaram de 4 a 64&#956;g/mL e frente ao VOR as cepas de M. pachydermatis obtiveram CIMs que variaram de <0,03 a 2&#956;g/mL, enquanto as cepas lipodependentes de Malassezia spp. obtiveram resultados mais dispersos que variaram de <0,03 a >16&#956;g/mL. Perante ANB, o intervalo de CIM encontrado foi de 1 a >16&#956;g/mL. NÃo foi possÃvel determinar os valores de CIM e CFM frente à caspofungina. Os extratos oriundos das sementes do abacate foram ativos contra as cepas de M. pachydermatis. / The genus Malassezia enclose lipophylic and lipid-dependent yeast that after many changes in its taxonomic classification, comprises in the atuality 13 species, including M. pachydermatis, M. furfur, M. sympodialis, M. globosa, M. obtusa, M. restricta, M. slooffiae, M. dermatis, M. japonica, M. yamatoensis, M. nana, M. equine, and M. caprae. These yeasts are associated to several diseases including, such as pityriasis versicolor, or dermatoses, seborrheic dermatitis and atopic dermatitis, among others. The general aim of this study was to contribute to better knowledgement about the phenotypical identification, storage in fungal collection and in vitro antifungal susceptibility of Malassezia spp. The phenotiping was based on macro and micromorphologics characteristics, as well as biochemistry and nutritional analisys. Twenteen strains suffers storage at -80ÂC in vegetables oils. The microdilution technique was accomplished in RPMI 1640 broth, supplemented with ox bile, Tween 20 and glycerol, being complemented with subculture on Dixon agar, for determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal fungicidal concentration (CFM). The drugs tested were ketoconazole (KET), itraconazole (ITR), fluconazole (FLC), amphotericin B (AMB) and caspofungine (CAS). With the conventional phenotypical analysis of the strains (n=38), could suggest the presence of the M. furfur/ M. dermatis (n=17), M. sympodialis (n=8), M. slooffiae (n=5) and M. pachydermatis (n=8). The stored accomplished in vegetable oils at -80ÂC showed meaningful rate of recorver, but physiologic characteristics was modified, such as _-glicosidase activity and Chremophor EL assimilation. Most of the strains (84,21%) was sensitive for KET and ITR, obtaining values of MIC &#61603;&#61472;0.03&#956;g/mL. For FLC the MIC range was 4 to 64&#956;g/mL, against VOR the strains of M. pachydermatis obtained MIC range <0,03 a 2&#956;g/mL, therefore the lipid-dependents strains of Malassezia spp. obtained dispersive results from <0.03 to >16&#956;g/mL. Against ANB, the MIC range was 1 to >16&#956;g/mL. It was not possible determinate the MIC and MFC values for caspofungine. The extracts from avocado seeds were active against strains of M. pachydermatis.

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