A identificação de cadáveres, por motivos legais, é uma importante contribuição da prática forense para a sociedade. Existem várias técnicas e fatores para serem esclarecidos, como idade, sexo e cor da pele. A determinação do sexo através de parâmetros odontológicos tem sido bastante utilizada. Medidas dos elementos dentais podem ser importantes para a tentativa de identificar uma pessoa. É importante estabelecer um padrão de medidas dentárias para populações específicas. Neste contexto o objetivo deste trabalho é verificar o dimorfismo sexual em adultos brasileiros através das medidas dentárias. A amostra utilizou modelos de gesso de 200 indivíduos de ambos os sexos com idade de 20 a 30 anos de idade. As medidas utilizadas foram a mésio-distal (MD) e vestíbulo-lingual (VL), sendo mensuradas as dimensões de todos os dentes, excluindo, terceiros molares. Essas medições foram realizadas diretamente nos modelos de gesso, utilizando para isso um Paquímetro Digital da marca Digimess®, com ponta agulhada, e medição em milímetros, com margem de erro de 0.01mm. Para a análise estatística foi utilizado o software STATA 12.0. Para testar a confiabilidade da técnica foi utilizado o Coeficiente Intra Classe para os dados Intra- Examinador e Inter Examinador. Para apresentar a amostra, foi realizada estatística descritiva (média, desvio-padrão, e valores mínimos e máximos). Para a comparação entre os dentes homólogos e entre o sexo foi utilizado o Teste t-Student. A análise de dados foi utilizada a regressão logistica e foi criando um ondenamento de acordo com a melhor precisão da técnica. Foram realizadas três técnicas para verificar o dimorfismos sexual a Regressão Logistica, A Função Discriminante Linear e a Função Discriminante KNN. O nível de significância em todos os testes realizados foi de 5%. A população de estudo foi composta por 200 participantes da pesquisa. Desse total, 100 eram do sexo masculino e 100 eram do sexo feminino. A média de idade foi de 24,33 anos e a altura média de 1,69 metros. De acordo com os resultados apresentados no presente estudo podemos concluir que é possível verificar o dimorfismo sexual em adultos brasileiros através das medidas dentárias e podemos destacar que não foi verificada diferenças entre os dentes homólogos; os elementos dentais dos participantes masculinos apresentaram médias maiores que as das participantes do sexo feminino. Os melhores indicadores para verificar o dimorfismo sexual foram as medidas dos dentes caninos e molares. As técnicas multivariadas foram mais precisas e a Analise Discriminante KNN apresentou os melhores resultados. / For legal reasons, the human body identification is an important contribution of forensic dentistry to society. In order to identify a copse, there are many techniques and factors that must be clarified, such as age, sex and race. Sex determination by dentistry parameters have been largely used in human identification and, in this knowledge area, the measure of teeth is an important technique that can be applied. For that reason, it is important to establish a pattern of tooth measure for specific populations. In this context, the aim of this study is to verify the sexual dimorphism in Brazilian adults by tooth measurement. The sample used plaster models from 200 subjects of both sexes, aged 20 to 30 years old. The measures used were the mesiodistal (MO) and buccolingual (VL), using the dimensions of ali teeth, except third molars. These mensuration was performed directly on the plaster models, using a Digital Caliper-rule from Digimess ® brand, with needled tip, and measurement in millimeters, with an error margin of 0.01mm. For statistical analysis we used the STATA 12.0 software. To test the reliability of the technique it was used the Intra Class Coefficient for Intra and Inter Examiner data. To exhibit the sample, descriptive statistic was used (mean, standard deviation, and minimum and maximum values). For comparison between homologous teeth and sex, it was used the Student-T test. The data analysis used was the logistic regression and a moire was created according to the best precision from the technique. Three techniques were performed to check the sexual dimorphism, Logistic Regression, Linear Discriminant Function and Discriminant Function KNN. The significance levei for ali tests was 5%. The study population was composed of 200 research participants. Of those, 100 were male and 100 were female. The age average was 24.33 years old and the height average was of 1.69 meters. According to the results presented in this study we can conclude that it is possible to check the sexual dimorphism in Brazilian adults through dental measures and we can say that no differences between homologous teeth was seen; dental elements from male participants had higher averages than those from female participants. The best indexes to evaluate sexual dimorphism were the measures of the canines and molars teeth. Multivariate techniques were more accurate and KNN Oiscriminant Analysis showed the best results.

Chun Chiu Ping, Holly. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 129-134). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- History of iodinated contrast media --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Classification of contrast media reactions --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3 --- Mechanisms of contrast media reactions --- p.6 / Chapter 1.4 --- The multi-factorial contrast media reactions --- p.9 / Chapter 1.5 --- Contrast reactions and patient gender --- p.10 / Chapter 1.6 --- Patient profile --- p.11 / Chapter 2 --- HYPOTHESES --- p.12 / Chapter 3 --- OBJECTIVES --- p.13 / Chapter 4 --- CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS --- p.14 / Chapter 5 --- METHODOLOGY --- p.15 / Chapter 5.1 --- Patient groups --- p.16 / Chapter 5.2 --- Choice of contrast media --- p.17 / Chapter 5.3 --- Amount of contrast media --- p.18 / Chapter 5.4 --- Practical points --- p.19 / Chapter 5.5 --- Double blindness of the study --- p.20 / Chapter 5.6 --- Inclusion/exclusion criteria --- p.21 / Chapter 5.7 --- Patient preparation --- p.23 / Chapter 5.8 --- Data acquisition --- p.26 / Chapter 5.9 --- Quality control --- p.27 / Chapter 5.10 --- Data management and analysis --- p.30 / Chapter 6 --- RESULTS --- p.31 / Chapter 6.1 --- Overall frequency of reactions --- p.33 / Chapter 6.2 --- Gender difference of reactions --- p.34 / Chapter 6.3 --- All reactions vs. dose level for different genders --- p.35 / Chapter 6.4 --- All reactions versus dose level - genders compared --- p.38 / Chapter 6.5 --- Patterns of reactions --- p.39 / Chapter 6.6 --- Reactions to different contrast media --- p.46 / Chapter 6.7 --- Management of reactions --- p.54 / Chapter 6.8 --- Summary of reactions --- p.56 / Chapter 7 --- DISCUSSION --- p.59 / Chapter 7.0 --- Introduction --- p.59 / Chapter 7.1 --- Reliability of patients' response --- p.66 / Chapter 7.2 --- Results of quality control (by comparators) --- p.67 / Chapter 7.3 --- "Overall frequency of reactions (both contrast media, immediate and delayed reactions)" --- p.71 / Chapter 7.4 --- Patients' age --- p.79 / Chapter 7.5 --- Why were there more delayed reactions after injecting nonionic Iopamiro? --- p.84 / Chapter 7.6 --- Factors affecting prevalence of reactions to contrast media in intravenous urography --- p.97 / Chapter 7.7 --- Further studies --- p.103 / Chapter 8 --- CONCLUSIONS --- p.104 / Chapter 8.1 --- Recommendations devised from the conclusions (Clinical implications) --- p.106 / Chapter 9 --- APPENDIXES --- p.107 / Chapter 9.1 --- "Appendix 1: Steroid cover regime in Diagnostic Radiology & Organ Imaging Department, Prince of Wales Hospital" --- p.107 / Chapter 9.2 --- Appendix 2: Data sheet to record patient history --- p.109 / Chapter 9.3 --- Appendix 3: Injection conditions and immediate reactions --- p.112 / Chapter 9.4 --- Appendix 4: Data sheet to record delayed reactions --- p.116 / Chapter 9.5 --- Appendix 5: Quality control by comparators --- p.122 / Chapter 10 --- REFERENCES --- p.130

Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Linköpings universitet, 2005.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1968.

Thesis (Ph.D. in Neuroscience) -- University of Colorado Denver, 2007. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 124-137). Free to UCD affiliates. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1968.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1987.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1987.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oklahoma. / Bibliography: leaves 62-71.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references.