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Communities affected by climate impacts, political or cultural conflicts and rapid demographic shifts are the most vulnerable to the effects of poverty, disease and communal violence. Addressing their needs through appropriate architectural responses can help them to recover social, economic and environmental well-being. This thesis defines strategies to address the challenges involved in the design of spaces after three causes of forced migration: natural disaster, conflict and urban development. The methodology is based on literature review which served as theoretical background to work in three design competitions related to shelter after natural disasters, refugee camps and slums. The need to provide accommodation after a natural disaster is essential. Therefore, a shelter that can be transported and deployed quickly and effectively, and that contemplates the uniqueness and complexity of the event, is studied in this thesis. Refugee camps have become the protective and safe place that provide shelter, food and health safety to all kinds of survivors and refugees. Due to the complexity of the problems related to this forced migration situation, the presence of refugee camps tends to be longer than the expected. Therefore, a design that contemplates this duality of time and that addresses peoples' needs and rights is part of this research. Slums are often related to deprivation and socio-spatial exclusion and due to the lack of security of tenure, they are vulnerable to evictions caused by redevelopment pressures, gentrification processes and episodes of ethnic cleansing. Therefore, a neighborhood's transformation with cohesive public spaces and incremental housing prototypes is proposed in this thesis. Through the study of architectural responses to natural disaster, refugee camps and slums design considerations related to the site, the culture and the urban context are established as guidelines. In addition, a time-based design strategy, a dual design approach and a multiple scales design strategy are defined as essential to give an architectural response to forced-displaced communities. / Master of Architecture / Devastating effects of natural disaster, political conflicts and demographic changes are experienced everyday worldwide. People who have faced them long for protection, safety and peace to have the strength to start again. Therefore, this thesis proposes some possible architectural solutions for situations where entire populations have lost their homes or have been displaced. Temporary shelters provided after a natural disaster was the first theme studied. The research was complemented with the design of a shelter for a rural community in Ecuador which was devastated by the 2016 earthquake. Research and design demonstrated the need to design a structure aligned with the features of its context and that could be easily and quickly transported and deployed. Thousands of people are forced to flee every day due to political and social conflicts. The second design that was part of this thesis was for Mosul, one of the cities that had been destroyed due to the conflicts in Iraq. The aim was to provide shelter for people that want to return to this city during its reconstruction. Through the design and research, it was defined that it is important to integrate the temporary camps in the reconstruction plan of the city to obtain a more appropriate approach towards the refugees’ needs and values. Neighborhoods wrongly categorized as slums are exposed to human displacement due to real state pressures, urban interventions and social reforms. The third and last project that was part of this thesis looked for a response to this problem in a neighborhood in Mumbai. Several projects were reviewed and diverse sources were consulted leading to the conclusion that public space should work in these neighborhoods as the meeting point of different groups of people and activities. In addition, it was established that affordable housing solutions should respond to economic situation of the dwellers and their future needs. The importance of understanding the site, the culture and the context of every scenario was established essential to formulate an accurate solution for people that seek shelter after a natural disaster, armed conflict or eviction. In addition, considering different design scales and providing spaces with diverse uses and with the possibility to change through time was defined important to develop these projects.

At the height of nuclear tension, governments at all levels took steps to both educate and protect their citizens. Plans that included mass evacuations and shelters were put forth to protect the public and prepare for the seemingly inevitable war with the Soviet Union. These efforts faced tremendous obstacles, including a persistent sense of apathy amongst the public. Many authors insist that life under the persistent threat of a nuclear holocaust had a profound effect on the American psyche. The main thesis of this paper argues that while people were undoubtedly aware of the potential danger, those greatly affected and traumatized by it were the exception, particularly in the New Orleans area. Most people recognized the danger, but opted to not let it dominate their thoughts. They were far more concerned with their own interests, including family, career and home ownership.

Thesis (M. Arch.)--University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes special report study entitled: Vertical garden in urban context. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.W.)--University of Hong Kong, 1988. / Also available in print.

Thesis (M.Arch.)--University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes special report study entitled : Vertical garden in urban context. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print.

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1963 B34 / Master of Science

No description available.

Student Number : 9601703X - MA research report - School of Human and Community Development, Centre for Psychology - Faculty of Humanities / Domestic violence is recognized as a pervasive problem in South Africa. This study focused on the narratives of four abused women and attempted to establish the significance of sheltering in their lives. A qualitative research design was used based on semi-structured interviews and a short follow-up questionnaire, which were analysed thematically. The findings supported past research, indicating that the women’s experiences were very diverse, and they contained many similar features to those reported in previous studies. Each of the four women was not a passive victim, having taken the decision to leave an abusive and violent relationship. Sheltering provided for these women the protected space necessary to move beyond, and in addition provided structure and social support necessary to start to transcend the abuse. Sheltering was found to fill in the gaps created by a society in transition, in which abuse and violence are often tolerated or condoned within the existing social and family structures.

Thesis advisor: Lisa Goodman / As domestic violence (DV) shelters have proliferated across the country over the last three decades, there has been a corresponding increase in the number of rules to which shelter residents must adhere. This qualitative content analysis study represents the first research to explore IPV survivors' experiences living with emergency DV shelter rules. Eight clusters emerged from interviews with 11 survivors: 1) Entering the shelter in a vulnerable state; 2) Perceiving staff-resident relationships as empowering or disempowering; 3) Making sense of the rules in the context of these relationships; 4) Experiencing staff enforcement as collaborative or hierarchical; 5) Experiencing the rules' impact on daily life; 6) Coping with rules; 7) Coping in the shelter generally; and 8) Making recommendations. Results suggest that less boundaried staff-resident relationships, less restrictive rules, and flexible, consistent, and collaborative enforcement lead to more positive experiences for residents. Recommendations are made for shelter practice and future research. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2010. / Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education. / Discipline: Counseling, Developmental, and Educational Psychology.