The goal of this study is to provide a model for maritime accidents which focuses on human factor related safety concerns and permits the economic evaluation of countermeasures. In order to halt the trend of maritime accidents it is necessary to identify the human related factors that are associated with them and address a method of analysis to isolate these factors and evaluate their economic impact. The United States Coast Guard (USCG) investigates and records data on accidents for vessels in U.S. waters and U.S. flag vessels all over the world. Other organizations which collect accident data are Lloyds of London, the P&I Club and some marine insurance companies. In order to understand the magnitude of human factor related accidents the USCG casualty database CASMAIN, which provides consistently gathered data for a period of more than ten years from (1981 to 1991), is analyzed. This database contains close to 66,133 records on 42,367 accidents. Accident analysis in the past was restricted to statistical reporting of the nature of casualty and its primary causes. Analysis rarely add ressed such issues as contributing causes and the variety of human factors causes and still further those contributing factors which led to failure of the human being from performing at an that more than 80% of the accidents were a result, whether direct or indirect, of human error. Such issues as workload, fatigue and stress in the transportation arena are being considered only now and other factors such as the effects of circadian rhythms and alertness switches are still in the realm of research. To better understand the human factors causes and their rationale a functional model of critical tasks and resources to carry them out is outlined. The human factors causes of accidents are also detrimental to the personnel resources required for a safe ship operation. If the risks posed by these factors can be assessed we would be in a better position to ensure that the tasks are performed properly and thus realize a safer and more efficient maritime system. Past historical accident data from the USCG CASMAI N database was then developed and organized to provide numerical estimates of human error frequencies for use in the proposed model. The resulting model would permit assessing costs and alternatives and result in a methodology of better addressing marine transportation safety with an emphasis on its prime creator, user and benefiter:-The Human. / Master of Science

published_or_final_version / Asian Studies / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

<p>Interaction design is about designing interactive things so that they become usable. An interaction designer’s goal is therefore to design things not only right but also to design the right things, this is called usability. In this thesis the aim is to examine how to best evaluate a user interface that is in the final design phase and that has not involved the end user in its development at all up to this stage. This thesis examined the graphical user interface of GACship III, a system used to accurately record, approve and request payment for all services/charges incurred during port/off-port calls. Three inspection methods and three test methods were investigated. This was done to determine which ones that is appropriate to use during an evaluation with little or no access to end users since this is one of the problem that GAC is facing and since this study only had access to two end users. The system, GACship III, is in the final development phase and so far the development has been made without involving the end users. A checklist for usability evaluations was developed through studying four renowned design principles in the form of Maeda’s, Raskin’s, Nielsen’s and Norman’s view of usability. The results showed that a heuristic evaluation identifies more usability problems than a digital questionnaire. Probably because the heuristic evaluation gave room for more reflections and comments and therefore turned out to be a more in depth evaluation technique. The digital questionnaire proved to be a weaker method under these conditions, but all in all, the two methods complemented each other. The results also indicated a number of usability problems in GACship III, which implied that the system is not fully efficient. The graphical user interface contained for example a severe mode error together with an unreliable drop down menu. The system consisted of parts where the usability was considered satisfactory. However, those findings will not be discussed in this thesis. In order to improve the systems usability GAC is encouraged to rectify the discrepancies. The result of the study is in addition a usability checklist that can be used during further and future graphical user interface development at GAC.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Usability, evaluation, interface, checklist, shipping. </p>

No description available.

<p>Alkohol har sedan länge varit starkt förknippat med sjöfarten. Detta fick oss intresserade och vi valde att fördjupa oss i ämnet. I vårt examensarbete har vi valt att fokusera på huruvida rederiernas alkoholpolicy efterföljs ombord på fartygen.</p><p>För att få en uppfattning så använde vi oss av metodtriangulering. Vi utförde en enkätundersökning bland skolans nautiska elever angående den rådande alkoholkulturen till sjöss, därefter intervjuades de tre rederier som nämnts mest i enkätundersökningen för att få deras kommentarer på resultatet.</p><p>Resultatet av vårt arbete visar att alkoholpolicyn inte efterföljs till fullo, då 70 % av eleverna uppfattat att policyn brutits en eller flera gånger. Detta trots att rederierna i de intervjuer som genomförts, upplever det som detta. En generell uppfattning bland eleverna visar att flertalet är emot att besättningsmedlemmar dricker sig berusade ombord. De anser dock att det bör vara accepterat med öl eller vin i samband med måltid.</p> / <p>For many years alcohol have been strongly associated with shipping. This got us interested and therefore we chose to find out more about this subject. In our thesis we have chose to focus on how the shipping companies' policy about alcohol is followed onboard.</p><p>To get an understanding we created a questionnaire about the alcohol culture onboard, that was answered by the merchant academy's nautical students. Thereafter we interviewed the three companies that were most represented in the questionnaire to get their opinion about the result.</p><p>The result of our thesis shows that the alcohol policy isn't followed onboard even if the shipping companies have this opinion. It is stated by 70 percent of the students that they once or more got the opinion that the policy was broken. The general opinion among the students is that they are against heavy drinking onboard, but that the crewmembers that aren't on duty should be allowed drinking beer or wine when having dinner.</p>

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago. / Caption title: ... Statistics of Lake Commerce. Letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting a report made to the Bureau of Statistics by Mr. George G. Tunell, of Chicago, on Lake Commerce. Published also under the title: Statistics of Lake Commerce, House Doc. 277, 55th Cong., 2d Sess. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

Interaction design is about designing interactive things so that they become usable. An interaction designer’s goal is therefore to design things not only right but also to design the right things, this is called usability. In this thesis the aim is to examine how to best evaluate a user interface that is in the final design phase and that has not involved the end user in its development at all up to this stage. This thesis examined the graphical user interface of GACship III, a system used to accurately record, approve and request payment for all services/charges incurred during port/off-port calls. Three inspection methods and three test methods were investigated. This was done to determine which ones that is appropriate to use during an evaluation with little or no access to end users since this is one of the problem that GAC is facing and since this study only had access to two end users. The system, GACship III, is in the final development phase and so far the development has been made without involving the end users. A checklist for usability evaluations was developed through studying four renowned design principles in the form of Maeda’s, Raskin’s, Nielsen’s and Norman’s view of usability. The results showed that a heuristic evaluation identifies more usability problems than a digital questionnaire. Probably because the heuristic evaluation gave room for more reflections and comments and therefore turned out to be a more in depth evaluation technique. The digital questionnaire proved to be a weaker method under these conditions, but all in all, the two methods complemented each other. The results also indicated a number of usability problems in GACship III, which implied that the system is not fully efficient. The graphical user interface contained for example a severe mode error together with an unreliable drop down menu. The system consisted of parts where the usability was considered satisfactory. However, those findings will not be discussed in this thesis. In order to improve the systems usability GAC is encouraged to rectify the discrepancies. The result of the study is in addition a usability checklist that can be used during further and future graphical user interface development at GAC. Keywords: Usability, evaluation, interface, checklist, shipping.

Alkohol har sedan länge varit starkt förknippat med sjöfarten. Detta fick oss intresserade och vi valde att fördjupa oss i ämnet. I vårt examensarbete har vi valt att fokusera på huruvida rederiernas alkoholpolicy efterföljs ombord på fartygen. För att få en uppfattning så använde vi oss av metodtriangulering. Vi utförde en enkätundersökning bland skolans nautiska elever angående den rådande alkoholkulturen till sjöss, därefter intervjuades de tre rederier som nämnts mest i enkätundersökningen för att få deras kommentarer på resultatet. Resultatet av vårt arbete visar att alkoholpolicyn inte efterföljs till fullo, då 70 % av eleverna uppfattat att policyn brutits en eller flera gånger. Detta trots att rederierna i de intervjuer som genomförts, upplever det som detta. En generell uppfattning bland eleverna visar att flertalet är emot att besättningsmedlemmar dricker sig berusade ombord. De anser dock att det bör vara accepterat med öl eller vin i samband med måltid. / For many years alcohol have been strongly associated with shipping. This got us interested and therefore we chose to find out more about this subject. In our thesis we have chose to focus on how the shipping companies' policy about alcohol is followed onboard. To get an understanding we created a questionnaire about the alcohol culture onboard, that was answered by the merchant academy's nautical students. Thereafter we interviewed the three companies that were most represented in the questionnaire to get their opinion about the result. The result of our thesis shows that the alcohol policy isn't followed onboard even if the shipping companies have this opinion. It is stated by 70 percent of the students that they once or more got the opinion that the policy was broken. The general opinion among the students is that they are against heavy drinking onboard, but that the crewmembers that aren't on duty should be allowed drinking beer or wine when having dinner.

Taiwan is surrounded by ocean; shipping industry is well-developed in this island. Evergreen, Yang-Ming and Wang-Hai are very well-known and also big shipping company in the world. So the industry of ships machine parts should be very well-developed here in Taiwan, but truth is it not very well-developed here. The purpose of this study was to find out the rules when shipping industries purchase ships machine parts, also how they recognize the quality, brand and service of the products. The study used case methodology and interview to shipping industry in order to find out the reason why industry of ships machine parts was not well-developed here in Taiwan. Hope the results of the study could made some efforts to future studies.

Although Taiwan locates at the key position of the southeastern Asia and is also a transportation hub in the west Pacific basin, the intensified competitive surroundings, most of major ports in the world have still tried to improve their operational efficiency and create more service items for inducing more liners¡¦ calls. Mainland China¡¦s attraction as an investment locale for large-scale enterprises will doubtlessly have a great impact on Taiwan¡¦s port economic development. Such a phenomenon will speed up Mainland China¡¦s economic development but will result in a feeble constitution in Taiwan¡¦s port development. To cope with this situation, the ROC government should take additional efforts to improve Taiwan¡¦s port management environment, upgrade Taiwan¡¦s industrial production, and realize it as an Asia-Pacific Transshipment Center at an earlier date so as to provide a better investment environment in Taiwan. In addition, port ability has greatly relationship with international logistics ability, the port ability is influenced by the market situation of international ocean transportation, at the same time, the development of port management and logistics activities will be dependent on the performance of international economics. The purpose of this paper is aimed to figure out the existing issues of Taiwanese port management systems, and to discover the alternatives based on comparative analysis approaches among Taiwan straits.