Double (or multiple) marginalization is often identified as the main source of a decentralized supply chain's (SC's) inefficiency. In its core lies the fact that if the agents constituting the SC choose their output prices according to the golden rule of profit maximization (that normally applies to a single firm that produces independently and sells directly to the end consumer), the prices in the SC tend to spiral up to an inefficient (equilibrium) level where both the consumer surplus and the SC's total profit are diminished. The aim of this paper is to analyze and quantify the impact of multiple marginalization on the behaviour of SC's that vary with respect to their structure (i.e. the number of agents and the links between them) and the shape of their cost and demand functions. The main gauge of this impact is the efficiency of a SC, defined as the ratio of the profit of a SC whose agents behave according to the model of multiple marginalization, and the potential profit of the SC (i.e. the maximum profit attainable under the conditions of complete coordination of prices within the chain). Besides efficiency, some other properties of a SC are studied, e.g. the distribution of the SC's profit among the individual agents or cost externalities within the SC. Three different models of multiple marginalization are studied in the paper. The first one is a linear model of multiple marginalization (i.e. a model with linear demand and cost functions); in this simplified setting we derived explicit formulae for values of the studied indicators. The second model is analogous to the first one only that it allows for non-linear demand and cost functions; in this case, the analysis is carried out using computer experiments with numeric algorithms. The last one is a dynamic model of multiple marginalization which studies the abovementioned price spiral through multi-agent simulation.

This diploma thesis is focused on waves and oscillations in the solar corona, which takes place in a large number of phenomena that occurs here. In recent years these waves have been observed in Earth observation same like as cosmic observation.The task of this thesis is to familiarize with the problems of waves and oscillations in solar corona and subsequent interpretation into numerical simulations that are performed by FLASH code. The aim of the work will be to modify numerical simulations and thus to achieve more realistic of the observed phenomena.

Požadavek na využití simulačních metod v rozhodovacích situacích při řízení ekonomických procesů je opakovaným požadavkem efektivnější přípravy školených manažerských týmů na různých úrovních řízení. Simulační technologie dnes výrazně ovlivňují schopnosti i možnosti kvalitního plánování i řízení těchto procesů. Současný vývoj informačních technologií umožňuje věrohodně simulovat průběh i výsledky zmíněných ekonomických procesů. Samotná simulace nenahrazuje praktickou činnost, ale značně ji zkvalitňuje a zintenzivňuje. Důkazem toho je propracovaný systém přípravy manažerských týmů různého stupně v hierarchii řízení společností na britských univerzitách, který je výsledkem kombinace nácviku praktické činnosti při řízení reálných rozhodovacích situací a simulací této činnosti na některém v diplomové práci uvedených simulátorů (virtuální simulace) a nácviku praktické rozhodovací činnosti týmu rozhodovatelů s podporou simulace (konstruktivní simulace). Předkládaná diplomová práce reaguje na některé z podstatných a aktuálních otázek možného využití simulačních technologií v pedagogickém procesu.

Předmětem diplomové práce je nastínit základy simulací, modelů hromadné obsluhy a fungování zákaznických center. V praktické části je použit k úpravě získaných dat software Crystal Ball, pro samotnou simulaci a analýzu Kontakt centra Karneval pak simulační program Simul8.

One of the biggest problems of today is transport, especially in the cities. The transport has many negative effects, like congestions, pollution and others. The solutions of this situation are very hard and they have no integrated methodology. This doctoral thesis has two theoretic objectives: 1. set up new concept of city logistics, which means the integration of several disciplines, important for integrated admission to soluted problems 2. validate the pertinence of simulation in the new koncept of city logistics, created in objective 1 The thesis has also one concrete objektive, which is the validation of effectiveness of one project. The investigated project is removal of the train station in Brno.

The thesis is focused on risk and uncertainty in decision theory. It introduces principles of choosing the best alternative in case of uncertainty and risk, as well as different ways how to quantify and manage the risk, therefore the risk management. The thesis also discusses simulation, definition of random numbers and generating of these numbers. Monte Carlo method is widely used in this area. One of the applications based on Monte Carlo method is Crystal Ball; detailed description of this application is also mentioned. At the close, an example of the capital project valuation is provided as the demonstration of Crystal Ball application.

Dissertation deals with the analysis of investment projects. Specifically it is focused on the utilization of probability approaches to analysis of investment projects. These approaches are represented by scenario analysis and Monte Carlo simulation.The treatis contains critical comparison of both approaches and offers the set of recommendation to the application of both methods. The inherent part of this work is postaudits analysis which are accompanied by the set of recommendation as well.

This diploma thesis deals with the theme simulation models. It is separated to three parts: theoretic, a part describing a simulation program and a practical part. The opening part's role is to introduce to a reader the problem about simulation models, inform him about simulation project building and define some key words. The second part explains a work with simulation program Simprocess. In the third part the reader finds out, how to use theoretic knowledge. It is demonstrated on the simulation of the operations of the company Prádelna Lety. A goal of this part is to make a simulation model, which describes the reality and can solve the main problems identified in the beginning of this part. All of this is the object of the analysis. After that is possible to give some advises about improving the operations.

This diploma thesis deals with the solution to a real situation that occurred at Nemocnice Na Františku in Prague. The problem is solved by using a computer simulation in SIMUL8 simulation program. At the beginning I describe the theoretical foundations that are afterwards used as a basis for the main practical part. The main subject of the work is a simulation of an operation of the hospital outpatient department. The hospital management decided to change the system for handling patients operations. I have created simulation models for particular workday and weekend means of patients serving operations. The created simulation models and their outputs are evaluated in the final part of the thesis and will serve as a basis for making reorganization decisions in the hospital. The provided advice for hospital management fulfills the goal of this thesis.

Tato práce zkoumá vhodnost a požadavky návrhu simulací pro simulátor NS-3 pro případ bezdrátových sítí používaných v měřící infrastruktuře společnosti Kamstrup. V práci je popsán simulátor NS-3 a je vytvořena základní implementace dvou protokolů. Wireless M-Bus jako příklad jednosměrného protokolu pro zařízení napájené z baterií. Simulace Wireless M-Bus je porovnána s daty naměřenými v reálném systému. NS-3 poskytuje flexibilní prostředí pro vývoj simulací různých síťových protokolů, včetně těch určených pro sítě inteligentních měřidel.