Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:16:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RicardoDRGF_DISSERT.pdf: 820600 bytes, checksum: af0aa8c01c75b607cbe1b519d4628671 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-14 / Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Norte / Stroke is a neurological disorder caused by restriction of blood flow to the brain, which generates directly a deficit of functionality that affects the quality of life of patients. The aim of this study was to establish a short version of the Social Rhythm Scale (SRM), to assess the social rhythm of stroke patients. The sample consisted of 84 patients, of both sexes, with injury time exceeding 6 months. For seven days, patients recorded the time held 17 activities of SRM. Data analysis was performed using a principal components factor analysis with varimax rotation of the full version of SRM in order to determine which activities could compose brief versions of SRM. We then carried out a comparison of hits, the ALI (Level Activity Index) and SRM, between versions, by Kruskal-Walls and the Mann-Whitney test. The Spearman correlation test was used to evaluate the correlation between the score of the full version of SRM with short versions. It was found that the activities of SRM were distributed in three versions: the first and second with 6 activities and third with 3 activities. Regarding hits, it was found that they ranged from 4.9 to 5.8 on the first version; 2.3 to 3.8 in version 2 and 2.8 to 6.2 in version 3, the first the only version that did not show low values. The analysis of ALI, in version 1, the median was 29, in version 2 was 14 and in version 3 was 18. Significant difference in the values of ALI between versions 1 and 2, between 2 and 3 and between versions 1 and 3. The highest median was found in the first version, formed by activities: out of bed, first contact, drink coffee, watch TV in the evening and go to bed. The lowest median was observed in the second version and this was not what had fewer activities, but which had social activities. The medians of the SRM version 1 was 6, version 2 was 4 and version 3 was 6. Significant difference in the values of SRM between versions 1 and 2 and between 2 and 3, but no significant difference between versions 1 and 3. Through analysis, we found a significant correlation only between the full version and the version 1 (R2 = 0.61) (p <0.05), no correlation was found with version 2 (R2 = 0.007) nor with version 3 (R2 = 0.002), this was finally a factor to consider version 1 as the short brazilian version of the Social Rhythm Metric for stroke patients / O Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) ? uma doen?a neurol?gica causada por restri??o da irriga??o sangu?nea cerebral, o que gera de forma direta um d?ficit de funcionalidade que afeta a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. O objetivo desse estudo foi de estabelecer uma vers?o breve da Social Rhythm Scale (SRM), a fim de avaliar o ritmo social dos pacientes com AVC. A amostra foi constitu?da por 84 pacientes, de ambos os sexos, com tempo de les?o superior a 6 meses. Durante sete dias os pacientes registraram a hora em que realizaram 17 atividades da SRM. A an?lise dos dados foi realizada atrav?s de uma an?lise fatorial de componentes principais com rota??o varimax da vers?o completa da SRM, a fim de determinar quais atividades poderiam compor vers?es breves da SRM. Em seguida foi realizada a compara??o dos hits, da ALI (Activity Level Index) e da SRM, entre as vers?es, atrav?s do teste de Kruskal-Walls e do teste de Mann-Whitney. O teste de correla??o de Spearman foi aplicado para avaliar a correla??o entre o escore da SRM da vers?o completa com as vers?es breves. Verificou-se que as atividades da SRM foram distribu?das em tr?s vers?es: a primeira e a segunda com 6 atividades e a terceira com 3 atividades. Em rela??o aos hits, verificou-se que eles variaram de 4,9 a 5,8 na vers?o 1; de 2,3 a 3,8 na vers?o 2 e de 2,8 a 6,2 na vers?o 3, sendo a primeira vers?o a ?nica que n?o apresentou valores baixos. Quanto ? an?lise do ALI, na vers?o 1, a mediana foi de 29; na vers?o 2 de 14 e de 18 na vers?o 3. Foi encontrada diferen?a significativa nos valores do ALI entre as vers?es 1 e 2, entre 2 e 3 e entre as vers?es 1 e 3. A maior mediana foi encontrada na primeira vers?o, formada pelas atividades de: levantar, primeiro contato, beber, tomar caf?, assistir TV ? noite e deitar. A vers?o de menor mediana foi a segunda e esta n?o era a que tinha menos atividades, e sim a que apresentava as atividades sociais. A mediana da SRM na vers?o 1 foi de 6; na vers?o 2 de 4 e de 6 na vers?o 3. Foi encontrada diferen?a significativa nos valores da SRM entre as vers?es 1 e 2 e entre 2 e 3, mas n?o houve diferen?a significativa entre as vers?es 1 e 3. Atrav?s da an?lise realizada, verificou-se uma correla??o significativa somente entre a vers?o completa e a vers?o 1 (R2= 0,61) (p< 0,05), n?o sendo encontrada correla??o com a vers?o 2 (R2= 0,007), nem com a vers?o 3 (R2= 0,002), esse foi enfim um fator determinante para considerar a vers?o 1 como a vers?o breve adequada para o Brasil da escala de ritmo social para pacientes com AVC

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:36:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CrhistianeAS.pdf: 3837481 bytes, checksum: 1e934fe40afea6283d1a23747a0954ea (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-09-06 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The principal zeitgeber for most of species is the light-dark photocycle (LD), though other environment factors as food availability, temperature and social cues may act. Daily adjustment of the circadian pacemaker may result from integration of environmental photic and non-photic cues with homeostatic cues. Characterization of non-photic effects on circadian timing system in diurnal mammals is scarce in relation to nocturnal, especially for ecologically significant cues. Thus, we analyzed the effect of conspecific vocalizations and darkness on circadian activity rhythm (CAR) in the diurnal primate Callithirx jacchus. With this objective 7 male adults were isolated in a room with controlled illumination, temperature (26,8 ? 0,2?C) and humidity (81,6 ? 3,6%), and partial acoustic isolation. Initially they were under LD 12:12 (~300:2 lux), and subsequently under constant illumination (~2 lux). Two pulses of conspecific vocalizations were applied in total darkness, separated by 22 days, at 7:30 h (external time) during 1 h. They induced phase delays at circadian times (CTs) 1 and 10 and predominantly phase advances at CTs 9 and 15. After that, two dark pulses were applied, separated by 14 days, during 1 h at 7:30 h (external time). These pulses induced phase delays at CTs 2, 3 and 18, predominantly phase advances at CTs 8, 10 and 19, and no change at CT 14. However, marmosets CAR showed oscillations in endogenous period and active phase duration influenced by vocalizations from animals outside the experimental room, which interfered on the phase responses to pulses. Furthermore, social masking and relative coordination with colony were observed. Therefore, phase responses obtained in this work cannot be attributed only to pulses. Afterwards, pulses of conspecific vocalizations were applied in total darkness at 19:00 h (external time), during 1 h for 5 consecutive days, and after 21 days, for 30 consecutive days, on attempt to synchronize the CAR. No animal was synchronized by these daily pulses, although oscillations in endogenous period were observed for all. This result may be due to habituation. Other possibility is the absence of social significance of the vocalizations for the animals due to random reproduction, since each vocalization has a function that could be lost by a mixture of sounds. In conclusion, conspecific vocalizations induce social masking and relative coordination in marmosets CAR, acting as weak zeitgeber / O principal zeitgeber para a maioria das esp?cies ? o ciclo claro-escuro (CE), por?m outros fatores ambientais como disponibilidade de alimento, temperatura e pistas sociais podem atuar. O ajuste di?rio do marcapasso circadiano deve resultar da integra??o de pistas ambientais, f?ticas e n?o-f?ticas, com pistas homeost?ticas. Como a caracteriza??o do efeito de est?mulos n?o-f?ticos sobre o sistema de temporiza??o circadiano em mam?feros diurnos ? escassa em rela??o aos noturnos, principalmente em rela??o a pistas com significado ecol?gico, analisamos o efeito de vocaliza??es de co-espec?ficos e do escuro sobre o ritmo circadiano de atividade motora (RCA) do primata diurno Callithrix jacchus. Com esse objetivo, foram isolados 7 machos adultos em uma sala com ilumina??o, temperatura (26,8 ? 0,2?C) e umidade (81,6 ? 3,6%) controladas e isolamento ac?stico parcial. Inicialmente os animais ficaram sob CE 12:12 (~300:2 lux) e posteriormente sob claro constante (~2 lux). Foram aplicados dois pulsos de vocaliza??es de co-espec?ficos em escuro total, com um intervalo de 22 dias, ?s 7:30 h (hor?rio local) durante 1 h. Esses pulsos desencadearam atrasos de fase nas horas circadianas (HCs) 1 e 10 e predominantemente avan?os de fase nas HCs 9 e 15. Depois foram aplicados dois pulsos de escuro, com um intervalo de 14 dias, ?s 7:30 h (hor?rio local) durante 1 h. Esses pulsos desencadearam atrasos de fase nas HCs 2, 3 e 18, predominantemente avan?os de fase nas HCs 8, 10 e 19, e nenhuma resposta na HC 14. Contudo, o RCA dos sag?is apresentou modula??es no per?odo end?geno e na dura??o da fase ativa por influ?ncia de vocaliza??es emitidas pelos animais de fora da sala, que interferiram nas respostas aos pulsos. Inclusive, foram observados mascaramento social positivo e coordena??o relativa com a col?nia. Portanto, as respostas de fase obtidas nesse trabalho n?o podem ser atribu?das apenas aos pulsos. Posteriormente foram aplicados pulsos de vocaliza??es de co-espec?ficos em escuro total ?s 19 h (hor?rio local), durante 1 h por 5 dias consecutivos, e ap?s 21 dias, por 30 dias consecutivos, para sincronizar o RCA. Nenhum animal sincronizou o RCA aos pulsos di?rios, embora tenham ocorrido modula??es no per?odo end?geno de todos. Esse resultado pode ter sido decorrente de habitua??o ao est?mulo. Outra possibilidade ? a falta de significado social para os animais devido ? reprodu??o aleat?ria das vocaliza??es, visto que cada vocaliza??o tem uma fun??o que pode ter sido perdida com a mistura dos sons. Concluindo, vocaliza??es de co-espec?ficos induzem mascaramento social e coordena??o relativa no RCA de sag?is, atuando como zeitgebers fracos

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-12-29T18:22:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GislayneChristianneXavierPeixoto_TESE.pdf: 2528597 bytes, checksum: 54797aa7e0919a87c62bd4fafcfb4ff4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-01-02T21:19:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GislayneChristianneXavierPeixoto_TESE.pdf: 2528597 bytes, checksum: 54797aa7e0919a87c62bd4fafcfb4ff4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-02T21:19:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GislayneChristianneXavierPeixoto_TESE.pdf: 2528597 bytes, checksum: 54797aa7e0919a87c62bd4fafcfb4ff4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-04 / O objetivo da presente tese foi aplicar biot?cnicas no monitoramento e controle do ciclo estral de esp?cie silvestres do bioma caatinga, como ferramenta para aperfei?oamento do manejo em cativeiro, bem como conserva??o ou multiplica??o dessas esp?cies. A tese foi dividida em 3 experimentos. No primeiro, foi realizado o monitoramento do ciclo estral de tatus-peba (Euphractus sexcinctus) por diferentes m?todos de monitoramento, na qual foi observado ciclo estral com dura??o de 23,5 ? 3,12 dias, com uma fase folicular de 8,8 ? 1,4 dias e 15,62 ? 2,1 dias de fase l?tea. Na fase folicular foram observadas secre??o sanguinolenta vaginal, edema vulvar, presen?a de muco e facilidade de introdu??o do swab, com pico de estr?geno de 240,66 ? 12,69 pg/ml e predom?nio de c?lulas superficiais na citologia vaginal, com visualiza??o de fol?culos ovarianos por ultrassonografia. Na fase l?tea foi observada aus?ncia de secre??o sanguinolenta e dificuldade de introdu??o do swab, al?m do aumento nos n?veis de progesterona (10,83 ? 1,86 ng/ml) e visualiza??o de corpo l?teo por ultrassom. No segundo experimento, dois protocolos para indu??o e sincroniza??o de estro foram testados em cutias (Dasyprocta leporina). O primeiro, consistia na administra??o de duas doses de cloprostenol (5?g) com intervalo de nove dias; e o segundo, na administra??o de 30 ?g de an?logo de GnRH, seguida da administra??o de cloprostenol (5?g) ap?s sete dias e uma nova dose de an?logo de GnRH (30?g) ap?s dois dias. N?o houve diferen?a estat?stica entre os protocolos testados (P=0.1009). Entretanto, a prostaglandina isolada promoveu a indu??o de estro em 40% das f?meas, em 3 e 6 dias, e as associa??es de cloprostenol e GnRH, em 60% das f?meas, em 4 e 10 dias, ap?s ?ltima dose administrada, com pico de estr?geno de 19,95 ? 2,41pg/ml e 9,67 ? 1,8pg/ml, respectivamente. Em ambos os tratamentos, essas f?meas mostraram caracter?sticas externas de estro como abertura e hiperemia vulvar, muco vaginal e f?cil penetra??o de swab. O terceiro experimento teve por objetivo comparar a efici?ncia de dois protocolos para sincroniza??o de estro e adaptar a t?cnica de insemina??o artificial (IA) em f?meas de catetos (Pecari tajacu), sendo este realizado ap?s identifica??o e aplica??o do m?todo de sincroniza??o mais eficaz. O primeiro protocolo baseava-se na administra??o dupla de cloprostenol (120?g) com intervalo de nove dias, e o segundo, na associa??o de 400 UI de gonadotrofina cori?nica equina e 200 UI de gonadotrofina cori?nica humana, em dose ?nica. Para a IA, as f?meas foram sincronizadas com a associa??o eCG e hCG. Todas as f?meas apresentaram estro. Com o uso do cloprostenol, as f?meas mostraram estro nove dias ap?s a ?ltima aplica??o da droga, e na associa??o, ap?s seis dias. Posteriormente ? realiza??o da IA, n?o foram visualizados embri?es por ultrassonografia. No entanto, duas f?meas apresentaram aumento uterino, com presen?a de l?quido anecog?nico no l?men, e n?veis altos de progesterona com 30 e 60 dias ap?s a ?ltima IA (67.08 ? 16.85 ng/ml e 73.42 ? 22.59 ng/ml, respectivamente). Assim, como conclus?o geral, o monitoramento da atividade ovariana em tatus-peba, bem como a indu??o e sincroniza??o em cutias e catetos, permitem o uso dessas biot?cnicas em larga escala, facilitando a gest?o dessas esp?cies em cativeiro. / The objective of the present thesis was to apply biotechnologies in monitoring and control the estrous cycle of wild species of the caatinga biome, as a tool for improving the management in captivity, as well as conservation or multiplication of these species. The thesis was divided into three experiments. The first was realized the monitoring of the estrous cycle in armadillos (Euphractus sexcinctus) by different monitoring methods, which was observed estrous cycle with duration of 23.5 ? 3.12 days, a follicular phase 8.8 ? 1.4 days and luteal phase of 15.62 ? 2.1 days. In the follicular phase were observed vaginal bloody discharge, vulvar edema, presence of mucus and ease of introduction of swab, with peak estrogen 240.66 ? 12.69 pg / ml and predominance of superficial cells in the vaginal cytology, with follicles observed by ovarian ultrasound. In the luteal phase was observed absence of bloody discharge and difficulty of introducing the swab, besides the increase in progesterone levels (10.83 ? 1.86 ng / ml) and corpus luteum viewing by ultrasound. In the second experiment, two protocols for induction and estrus synchronization were tested in agoutis (Dasyprocta leporina). The first consisted in the administration of two doses of cloprostenol (5?g) with nine-day interval; and the second, in the administration of 30 mcg GnRH analogue, followed by cloprostenol administration (5?g) after seven days and a new dose of GnRH analogue (30?g) after two days. There was no statistical difference between the protocols tested (P=0.1490). However, the isolated prostaglandin promoted estrus induction in 40% of females, 3 to 6 days, and cloprostenol and GnRH associations, 60% females, 4 and 10 days after last dose, with peak estrogen 19.95 ? 2,41pg / ml and 9.67 ? 1,8pg / ml, respectively. In both treatments, these females showed estrous external characteristics as opening and hyperemia vulvar, vaginal mucus and easy penetration swab. The third experiment was to compare the efficiency of two protocols for estrous synchronization and to adapt the artificial insemination (AI) in collared peccary females (Pecari tajacu), which was carried out after identification and to appliction the most effective method of synchronization. The first protocol was based on the dual administration of cloprostenol (120?g) with nine-day interval, and the second, in the association of 400 IU equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) and 200 IU of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), a single dose. For IA, females were synchronized with eCG and hCG association. All females exhibited estrus. With the use of cloprostenol, females exhibited estrus nine days after the last drug application, and with use of the association, after six days. After the realization of AI, were not observed embryos by ultrasound. However, two females showed increased uterine with presence of anechogenic fluid in the lumen, and high levels of progesterone 30 to 60 days after the last IA (67.08 ? 16.85 ng / mL and 73.42 ? 22.59 ng / ml, respectively). Thus, as the general conclusion, the monitoring of ovarian activity in armadillos as well as the induction and synchronization in agouti and peccaries, allow the use of these biotechnologies in large scale, facilitating the management of these species in captivity.