L’entraînement délibéré joue un rôle essentiel dans le développement de l’excellence sportive. Cette pratique est décrite comme étant une activité menée dans un but d’amélioration exigeant un niveau élevé d’effort et de concentration et n’étant pas nécessairement plaisante. Bien que les aspects quantitatifs de la pratique délibérée aient grandement été explorés, peu d’études se sont attardées à qualifier ce processus de façon précise. Ainsi, l’objectif de la présente étude est de définir précisément ce qu’est un entraînement de qualité ainsi que le processus psychologique s’y rattachant. Pour ce faire, des entrevues semi-structurées ont été menées auprès de douze patineurs élites québécois. L’analyse des données, par théorisation ancrée, démontre qu’un entraînement de haute qualité est le résultat d’une interaction dynamique de plusieurs facteurs liés à l’athlète, à son environnement, au contenu de son entraînement et à son état psychologique. Plus précisément, la confiance, la motivation, la concentration et l’attitude positive sont les habiletés psychologiques qui peuvent affecter l’entraînement. En fait, l’analyse démontre qu’un processus psychologique important s’opère lors de l’entraînement délibéré. Tout d’abord, des stratégies cognitives et comportementales comme l’imagerie mentale, la fixation d’objectifs et la routine sont utilisées par les athlètes pour se préparer à l’entraînement. Puis, lorsque son état psychologique est affecté négativement, l’athlète a recours à différentes stratégies afin d’optimiser cet état. Si ces stratégies s’avèrent efficaces, la qualité de l’entraînement est maintenue et l’athlète en ressort avec l’impression d’avoir progressé autant sur le plan technique, mental qu’émotionnel. / Deliberate practice plays an important role in the development of sport excellence. This practice is described as being aimed at the improvement of performance and requires a high level of effort and concentration and is not inherently enjoyable. The quantitative aspect of deliberate practice has been explored in several studies, but very few studies have examined the qualitative side of this process. Thus, the goal of the present study is to describe precisely what deliberate training is and the psychological process underlying it. To reach those goals, semi-structured interviews were conducted with twelve elite Quebec figure skaters . Data analyse, using grounded theory, demonstrate that high quality training is the result of a dynamic interaction among many factors related to the athletes, their environment, the content of their training and their psychological state. Specifically, confidence, focus, motivation and positive attitude are psychological skills that can affect performance. In fact, the results show that an important process occurred during deliberate training. First, cognitive and behavioral strategies such as mental imagery, goal setting and routine are used by athletes to prepare themselves to train. Then, when the athletes' psychological state is negatively affected, they use different strategies to try to optimize this state. If these strategies are efficient, they help maintain the quality of training and the athletes experience the perception of having progressed technically, mentally, and emotionally.

Title: Methodology for development of skating technique on a skatemill Goals: The objective of the present study is to compile available methodology knowledge re-garding the improvement of skating technique using a skatemill, and to analyse the pro-gress of skating technique in selected ice-hockey players during a comprehensive train-ing programme, where a skating simulator is used. Keywords: Ice Hockey, skatemill, kinematic analysis, hockey skills, motoric skills, ska-ting, modern aids. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Title: Comparison of performance in test of skating with and without the puck among the Extraleague U16 competition defensemen and forwards Objectives: The aim of this diploma thesis is to compare basic ice hockey skills of defensemen and forwards in a skating test carried out with and without the puck. We would like to analyze the data we receive, draw conclusions about the skills of players and come up with practice recommendations for defensemen and forwards. Methods: The diploma thesis was written from a methodological point of view based on experiment, which resulted in a comparative analysis by using different statistical methods. The testing was done on ice hockey stadiums of HC Hvězda Praha, HC Slavia Praha and HC Letci Letňany. The tested group of ice hockey players came from HC Hvězda Praha, HC Slavia Praha and HC Letci Letňany who play in the Extraleague U16 competition. Results: From the results and comparison of average performances of the U16 players we can conclude that the defensemen did not dominate over the forwards in backward skating, tests carried out with the puck. The difference performances of backward skating without the puck was 0,12sec (in favor of the forwards) and in backward skating with the puck 0,69sec (in favor of the forwards). And not even when comparing deficient...

Title: The influence of two different lower limb exercises on the speed of skating during dry land training in young ice hockey players aged 17 to 20. Aim: The aim of this study was comparation of the effect of two variations in preseason pre preparation on speed of skating. Methods: The hockey players in the age from 17 to 20, who have been training ice hockey for 12 - 14 years, have been watched. The hockey players have been divided into two groups on the base of the technology of the skating. The speed of the skating, have been measured at all hockey players at the beginning of the watching. Then the hockey players have absolved the summer preparation. The capacity of the training has been the same for both groups (the amount of the lessons, frequency, etc.). The difference was in the way of performing of some exercises, mainly the exercising of the legs. The first group has been doing the exercises in the "speed" form, while the second group has been doing the exercises in the " strength" form. The effect of the used training has been controlled by the motoric tests. The speed of the ice skating has been evaluated again before the beginning of the playing season. The results have been statistically elaborated and compared. The results: Both training systems have significantly improved...

VYUŽITÍ SPECIÁLNÍCH POMŮCEK V TRÉNINKU HOKEJOVÉ MLÁDEŽE V PŘÍPRAVNÉM OBDOBÍ Objectives: A usage of special equipment in practice in ice-hockey during off-ice practice and its further analysis and evaluation. Methods: To get the aim of comparing a common practice and a special practice I will use special exercises for a speed of learning of new skills. The new methods will be used in a modern practice. I will observe reactions of children about the other kind of practice and effectiveness of modern practice as well. Results: Results of modern practice show that children like learning new activities and methods. More various practices were better for their motivation and interest. A practice was much more intensive when I used suitable game-like methods. Effectiveness of learning raised when I used modern practice. Keywords: Balance exercises, bosu training, carts, stick handling, wooden or golf balls, stickhandling board, power skating, core.

Abstrakt/abstract Předložená diplomová práce se zabývá městskými a příměstskými cyklostezkami v Praze. Ve své části teoretické shrnuje terminologii daného okruhu, vymezuje pojem cyklostezka, cyklotrasa, cyklopruh aj. Dále specifikuje pojmy s daným tématem související (volný čas, zájmová činnost, pohybová rekreace aj.) V samostatných kapitolách se věnuje historii a současnému stavu cyklostezek, následně pak legislativním normám. Práce vymezuje také druhy pohybových aktivit, které je možné na cyklostezkách provozovat (cyklistika, chůze, in-line bruslení aj.) V praktické části seznamuje s metodami výzkumu a výsledky pozorování a dotazníkového šetření. Ve svých závěrech se snaží charakterizovat uživatele cyklostezek, zkoumá jejich motivaci, četnost návštěv cyklostezek, druhy provozovaných aktivit. Zajímá se o nároky na kvalitu a vybavení cyklostezek, shrnuje pozitiva i negativa cyklostezek v Praze. V závěru nabízí přehled městských a příměstských cyklostezek v Praze. Submitted thesis deals with urban and suburban cycle tracks in Prague. The theoretical part concerns terminology of the given topic and defines terms such as cycle track, cycle route, cycle lane etc. Furthermore, it specifies terms closely related to the topic (free time, hobbitry, kinetic recreation etc.) Other chapters address the history and...

L’entraînement délibéré joue un rôle essentiel dans le développement de l’excellence sportive. Cette pratique est décrite comme étant une activité menée dans un but d’amélioration exigeant un niveau élevé d’effort et de concentration et n’étant pas nécessairement plaisante. Bien que les aspects quantitatifs de la pratique délibérée aient grandement été explorés, peu d’études se sont attardées à qualifier ce processus de façon précise. Ainsi, l’objectif de la présente étude est de définir précisément ce qu’est un entraînement de qualité ainsi que le processus psychologique s’y rattachant. Pour ce faire, des entrevues semi-structurées ont été menées auprès de douze patineurs élites québécois. L’analyse des données, par théorisation ancrée, démontre qu’un entraînement de haute qualité est le résultat d’une interaction dynamique de plusieurs facteurs liés à l’athlète, à son environnement, au contenu de son entraînement et à son état psychologique. Plus précisément, la confiance, la motivation, la concentration et l’attitude positive sont les habiletés psychologiques qui peuvent affecter l’entraînement. En fait, l’analyse démontre qu’un processus psychologique important s’opère lors de l’entraînement délibéré. Tout d’abord, des stratégies cognitives et comportementales comme l’imagerie mentale, la fixation d’objectifs et la routine sont utilisées par les athlètes pour se préparer à l’entraînement. Puis, lorsque son état psychologique est affecté négativement, l’athlète a recours à différentes stratégies afin d’optimiser cet état. Si ces stratégies s’avèrent efficaces, la qualité de l’entraînement est maintenue et l’athlète en ressort avec l’impression d’avoir progressé autant sur le plan technique, mental qu’émotionnel. / Deliberate practice plays an important role in the development of sport excellence. This practice is described as being aimed at the improvement of performance and requires a high level of effort and concentration and is not inherently enjoyable. The quantitative aspect of deliberate practice has been explored in several studies, but very few studies have examined the qualitative side of this process. Thus, the goal of the present study is to describe precisely what deliberate training is and the psychological process underlying it. To reach those goals, semi-structured interviews were conducted with twelve elite Quebec figure skaters . Data analyse, using grounded theory, demonstrate that high quality training is the result of a dynamic interaction among many factors related to the athletes, their environment, the content of their training and their psychological state. Specifically, confidence, focus, motivation and positive attitude are psychological skills that can affect performance. In fact, the results show that an important process occurred during deliberate training. First, cognitive and behavioral strategies such as mental imagery, goal setting and routine are used by athletes to prepare themselves to train. Then, when the athletes' psychological state is negatively affected, they use different strategies to try to optimize this state. If these strategies are efficient, they help maintain the quality of training and the athletes experience the perception of having progressed technically, mentally, and emotionally.

Les habiletés motrices des jeunes sont en déclin depuis plusieurs années au Canada. Plusieurs interventions ou programmes ont ainsi été développés, et ce, en vue d’améliorer la pratique d’activités physiques (AP) à long terme chez les enfants. Quelques études ont réalisé une évaluation des effets de ces programmes mais peu d'entre elles ont procédé à une évaluation de leur processus d'implantation. Or, l'évaluation de processus est importante pour comprendre les freins ou facteurs facilitants qui peuvent moduler les résultats. Cet aspect est d'autant plus important quand une intervention est déployée dans plusieurs milieux à la fois. Notre étude vise à évaluer le programme Bleu Blanc Bouge en Action (BBBEA) de la Fondation des Canadiens pour l’Enfance afin de rendre compte des facteurs qui ont pu faciliter ou nuire à son implantation. Trois composantes du processus d'implantation ont été évaluées : le « Reach », la « dose delivered » et la « dose received ». Les données ont été collectées au moyen d'une grille d’observation créée à partir de la grille SOFIT (McKenzie, Sallis et coll. 1991) ainsi qu'au moyen d'un questionnaire auprès des parents des jeunes (n=238) des six écoles participantes. Quatre des six séances de BBBEA ont fait l'objet d'observations auprès d'un échantillon de deux des six milieux ciblés par le programme. Les observations ont porté à la fois sur les interventions des animateurs et sur les activités d'un sous-échantillon de jeunes (Montréal-Nord : n = 35 et Verdun : n = 38). Nos résultats indiquent que la clientèle ciblée par BBBEA (des jeunes ne sachant pas patiner) compose près de 75 % des participants du programme. La part relative du temps d’engagement moteur est significativement plus élevée (50,5 % contre 41,0 %) dans le milieu comportant davantage de jeunes sachant patiner, ce qui suggère un effet d’entraînement du groupe sur les apprenants. Un constat positif du programme est que le temps d’engagement moteur dans les deux milieux étudiés est semblable ou supérieur à celui de programmes de promotion de l’activité physique comparables à BBBEA. Lors de jeux et d’activités libres, l’engagement moteur des jeunes est significativement plus faible dans le milieu où l’effet d’entraînement du groupe est moins manifeste. Ceci suggère que des activités plus structurées (éducatifs lors de la pratique d'une habileté motrice) seraient favorables à l’engagement moteur des jeunes lorsque ceux-ci semblent peu engagés ou autodidactes. / Canadian youth’s motor skills have been declining over the last few years. Many interventions or programs have been developed to enhance children’s long term physical activity practice. Some studies evaluated the effects of those interventions, but only a small number carried on a process evaluation of the implementation. A process evaluation is important to get a better understanding of barriers and facilitators of the intervention. These components of evaluation are some of the most important criteria to explain the divergent results of an intervention deployed in various environments. Our research was an evaluation of the Bleu Blanc Bouge en Action (BBBEA) program of the Montreal Canadiens Children’s Foundation aiming to reflect elements impairing or enabling its implementation. Three components of the implementation process have been evaluated: the Reach, the dose delivered and the dose received. Data was collected with an observational form adapted from the System for observing fitness instruction time (SOFIT) (McKenzie, Sallis et al. 1991) and with questionnaire distributed to the parents of the youth of the six targeted participant schools. A sub-sample of 35 children from Montréal Nord and 38 from Verdun were observed during 4 of the 6 skating lessons. Results show that targeted participants (children that do not know how to skate) compose almost 75 % of the program’s attendees. Physical engagement proportion was significantly higher (50.5 % vs 41.0 %) in the environment composed of a higher number of children knowing how to skate, suggesting a ripple effect on the learners. As a positive outcome, MVPA (moderate to vigorous physical activity) proportion in both neighborhoods was equal or higher than other programs comparable to BBBEA. During “game” or “free play” contexts, children’s physical activity levels were significantly lower in the context where the ripple effect was the weakest. This suggests that structured activities (drills during motor skills practice) favor youth’s physical engagement when they are disengaged or less autodidact.

Title: Analysis of the World Championships 2005-2017 Objectives: The main aim of this thesis is to analyse the sport performance of solo figure skaters in the World Championships. After that changes in development of these performances of women and men skaters are researched. Another aim is to predict the development of sport performance of figure skaters in the next four years. Methods: In creating this thesis methods of correlation and regression analysis, literature research on the basis of content analysis and personal experience in the field of the research have been used. Results: This thesis confirms the increasing tendency of sport performance in single skating in the World Championships. The greates portion of the increase falls on the increasing difficulty of the included jumping emelent. The prediction of acquired points for the best man in the World Championships ain 2018 is 216 points with probability 83 % and for best lady, it is 153 points with probability 74 %. Keywords: points for elements, figure skating, new judging system, program components, sport performance

Title: The comparison of ice skating efficiency developed by drill vs. gaming form in the U - 10 category. Objectives: The aim of this dissertation is to compare the efficiency of skating developed by drill and game forms of training using speed-skill tests for ice hockey players under the age of 10. Methods: This work used the method of quantitative analysis of test results for ice hockey players of the U10 age category. The tested group consisted of 18 players of the U10 age category from the HC Hvězda Praha team. The dissertation includes three stages of data collection. The first set of data is preliminary, the second set of data is collected after the intervention by the drill form of training and the third set of data is collected after the intervention by the game form of training. The development of skating skills in drill and game form of training always took place in the first twenty minutes of the training. The obtained sets of data were recorded and then evaluated in accord with Friedmanan and Wilcoxon tests. Results: In the 6.1 m sprint, the 35 m sprint and the S-Corner test, slalom with a puck test and the crossing with a puck test there was recorded improvement after each intervention. In the crossing without a puck test the difference was recorded only after the drill form of...