• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 12
  • 6
  • 2
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 32
  • 32
  • 32
  • 10
  • 10
  • 9
  • 8
  • 8
  • 7
  • 7
  • 6
  • 6
  • 6
  • 5
  • 5
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

Univariate and multivariate symmetry: statistical inference and distributional aspects / Symétrie univariée et multivariée: inférence statistique et aspects distributionnels

Ley, Christophe 26 November 2010 (has links)
This thesis deals with several statistical and probabilistic aspects of symmetry and asymmetry, both in a univariate and multivariate context, and is divided into three distinct parts.<p><p>The first part, composed of Chapters 1, 2 and 3 of the thesis, solves two conjectures associated with multivariate skew-symmetric distributions. Since the introduction in 1985 by Adelchi Azzalini of the most famous representative of that class of distributions, namely the skew-normal distribution, it is well-known that, in the vicinity of symmetry, the Fisher information matrix is singular and the profile log-likelihood function for skewness admits a stationary point whatever the sample under consideration. Since that moment, researchers have tried to determine the subclasses of skew-symmetric distributions who suffer from each of those problems, which has led to the aforementioned two conjectures. This thesis completely solves these two problems.<p><p>The second part of the thesis, namely Chapters 4 and 5, aims at applying and constructing extremely general skewing mechanisms. As such, in Chapter 4, we make use of the univariate mechanism of Ferreira and Steel (2006) to build optimal (in the Le Cam sense) tests for univariate symmetry which are very flexible. Actually, their mechanism allowing to turn a given symmetric distribution into any asymmetric distribution, the alternatives to the null hypothesis of symmetry can take any possible shape. These univariate mechanisms, besides that surjectivity property, enjoy numerous good properties, but cannot be extended to higher dimensions in a satisfactory way. For this reason, we propose in Chapter 5 different general mechanisms, sharing all the nice properties of their competitors in Ferreira and Steel (2006), but which moreover can be extended to any dimension. We formally prove that the surjectivity property holds in dimensions k>1 and we study the principal characteristics of these new multivariate mechanisms.<p><p>Finally, the third part of this thesis, composed of Chapter 6, proposes a test for multivariate central symmetry by having recourse to the concepts of statistical depth and runs. This test extends the celebrated univariate runs test of McWilliams (1990) to higher dimensions. We analyze its asymptotic behavior (especially in dimension k=2) under the null hypothesis and its invariance and robustness properties. We conclude by an overview of possible modifications of these new tests./<p><p>Cette thèse traite de différents aspects statistiques et probabilistes de symétrie et asymétrie univariées et multivariées, et est subdivisée en trois parties distinctes.<p><p>La première partie, qui comprend les chapitres 1, 2 et 3 de la thèse, est destinée à la résolution de deux conjectures associées aux lois skew-symétriques multivariées. Depuis l'introduction en 1985 par Adelchi Azzalini du plus célèbre représentant de cette classe de lois, à savoir la loi skew-normale, il est bien connu qu'en un voisinage de la situation symétrique la matrice d'information de Fisher est singulière et la fonction de vraisemblance profile pour le paramètre d'asymétrie admet un point stationnaire quel que soit l'échantillon considéré. Dès lors, des chercheurs ont essayé de déterminer les sous-classes de lois skew-symétriques qui souffrent de chacune de ces problématiques, ce qui a mené aux deux conjectures précitées. Cette thèse résoud complètement ces deux problèmes.<p><p>La deuxième partie, constituée des chapitres 4 et 5, poursuit le but d'appliquer et de proposer des méchanismes d'asymétrisation très généraux. Ainsi, au chapitre 4, nous utilisons le méchanisme univarié de Ferreira and Steel (2006) pour construire des tests de symétrie univariée optimaux (au sens de Le Cam) qui sont très flexibles. En effet, leur méchanisme permettant de transformer une loi symétrique donnée en n'importe quelle loi asymétrique, les contre-hypothèses à la symétrie peuvent prendre toute forme imaginable. Ces méchanismes univariés, outre cette propriété de surjectivité, possèdent de nombreux autres attraits, mais ne permettent pas une extension satisfaisante aux dimensions supérieures. Pour cette raison, nous proposons au chapitre 5 des méchanismes généraux alternatifs, qui partagent toutes les propriétés de leurs compétiteurs de Ferreira and Steel (2006), mais qui en plus sont généralisables à n'importe quelle dimension. Nous démontrons formellement que la surjectivité tient en dimension k > 1 et étudions les caractéristiques principales de ces nouveaux méchanismes multivariés.<p><p>Finalement, la troisième partie de cette thèse, composée du chapitre 6, propose un test de symétrie centrale multivariée en ayant recours aux concepts de profondeur statistique et de runs. Ce test étend le célèbre test de runs univarié de McWilliams (1990) aux dimensions supérieures. Nous en analysons le comportement asymptotique (surtout en dimension k = 2) sous l'hypothèse nulle et les propriétés d'invariance et de robustesse. Nous concluons par un aperçu sur des modifications possibles de ces nouveaux tests. / Doctorat en Sciences / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
32

Bolstering Pine Lumber Value Through Statistical Analysis And Nondestructive Testing

Owens, Frank Charles, IV 11 August 2017 (has links)
In or around 2010, a nationwide reevaluation of the allowable properties for southern pine dimension lumber was initiated. This led to a 2013 reduction in the design values of visually graded southern pine dimension lumber and a resulting decrease in its commercial and utility value. This change compelled researchers and industry professionals to ponder what could be done to shore up the value of solid-sawn southern pine products going forward and potentially increase design values if appropriate. In pursuit of this question, this dissertation looks closely at three areas: 1) the possibility this reduction in mechanical performance is not merely limited to southern pine structural lumber but can also be observed in other solid-sawn softwood products and species, 2) flaws that might exist in commonly utilized statistical models for estimating allowable properties in lumber, and 3) the feasibility of using existing technologies to begin to compensate for the economic and/or utility losses attributed to the recent reduction in design values. This work is comprised of an introduction, a conclusion, and three independent content chapters utilizing a variety of statistical techniques to investigate whether strength and stiffness reduction might also be occurring in southern pine (and Douglasir) utility crossarms, evaluate the propriety of using a Weibull distribution model for estimating allowable properties in dimension lumber, and gauge the suitability of nondestructive testing methods for potentially identifying high-value premium grades in solid-sawn softwood products.

Page generated in 0.1116 seconds