Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1968.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1973.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1978.

Thesis (M.S.)--Michigan State University. Dept. of Geological Sciences, 2008. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Aug. 5, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 76-78). Also issued in print.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Akron, Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, 2006. / "December, 2006." Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed 06/27/2007) Co-Advisors, Glen O. Njus, Daniel B. Sheffer; Faculty Reader, Mary C. Verstraete; Department Chair, Daniel B. Sheffer; Dean of the College, George K. Haritos; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.

No description available.

One of the aims of forensic sciences is to determine the identities of victims of crime. In some cases the investigators may have ideas as to the identities of the victims and in these situations, ante mortem photographs of the victims could be used and identities established through skull-photo superimposition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a newly developed digital photographic superimposition technique on a South African sample of cadaver photographs and skulls, from the Pretoria Bone Collection. Forty facial photographs were selected and for each photograph, 10 skulls (including the skull corresponding to the photograph) were used for superimposition. The investigator did not know which of the 10 skulls corresponded to the photograph in question. The skulls were scanned 3-dimensionally, using a Cyberware™ Model 3030 Colour-3D Scanhead scanner. Once scanned, the raw data for the skulls were ‘cleaned’ using Cysurf™ programme. The photographs were also scanned for superimposition in the 3D Studio Max programme. Superimposition in 3D Studio Max involves a morphological superimposition, whereby a skull is superimposed over the photograph and assessed for a morphological match. Superimposition using selected anatomical landmarks was also performed to assess the match. A total of 400 skull-photo superimpositions were carried out using the morphological assessment and another 400 using the anatomical landmarks. In 85% of cases the correct skull was included in the possible matches for a particular photograph using morphological assessment. However, in all of these cases, between zero and three other skulls out of 10 possibilities could also match a specific photograph. In the landmark based assessment, the correct skull was included in 80% of cases. Once again, however, between one and seven other skulls out of 10 possibilities also matched the photograph. When using the morphological and landmark assessments combined, 97.5% of correct skulls were included in the list of possibilities, but between one and seven false positives per case were found. This study indicates that skull-photo superimposition has limited use in the identification of human skeletal remains, but may be useful as an initial screening tool. Corroborative techniques should also be used in the identification process. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Anatomy / unrestricted

Thesis (MSD) --Boston University, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, 2015 (Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics). / Includes bibliographic references: leaves 37-42. / Background: Craniofacial skeletal asymmetry is a common finding in the general population that often goes undetected. Interest in this topic has led to many studies aimed at describing this type of asymmetry, its distribution and etioIogy. The cranial base, being cIosely related to the face and brain, is a key component in craniofacial growth and may also display varying amounts of asymmetry contributing to this anomaly. Though many studies have explored underlying skeletal asymmetry, most of them were limited by their two-dimensional method of investigation. With the advent of three-dimensional technology, more recent studies have had the advantage of studying the cranial base in its true anatomic form, resulting in greater accuracy of analysis. Despite access to this technoIogy, there is still a lack of literature regarding the cranial base in a normal population. Determining average skull base dimensions will provide a set of normative data that can be used as a reference for future studies. Material and Methods: Pre-treatment Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) films of 160 esthetic human subjects previously used by another investigator were screened for use in our current research. These DICOM files were imported into InVivoDental5.3 software (Anatomage[TM]; San Jose, Calif.) for screening and 70 CBCT scans were selected for analysis. All patients were classified as cervical vertebral stage 4 and above. The images were oriented in all three planes of space for uniformity and 14 bilateral anatomic landmarks were identified on each scan. A mid-sagittal reference plane was created using crista galli as the origin, and extending a perpendicular passing through the middle of the right and left clinoid points connected by a line, and through posterior points basion and opisthion. Each landmark was given an x-, y- and z- coordinate representing its three dimensional position and bilateral linear measurements to the reference plane were recorded using the software system. Statistical Analysis: InVivoDental5.3 software was used to calculate linear distances between each landmark and the mid-sagittal plane. This data was exported into Microsoft excel for analysis. Descriptive statistics of our sample and paired t-tests with a 5% significance level, or p value of 0.05, were performed. Results: The means of the right and left measurements of each bilateral landmark were calculated along with their standard deviations. A comparison between right and left means was accomplished with the use of paired t-tests. 12 1andmarks did not show a statistical difference in their locations on either side of the mid-sagittal plane. However, the means of 2 landmarks were found to be statistically significant. These were euryon (p = 0.01) and the jugular foramen (p = 0.00) Conclusion: The overall trend of our data indicated that the cranial base in a normal population, without craniofacial anomaly, displays symmetry, with the exception of the location of euryon and the jugular foramen. These findings are in accordance with those of similar three-dimensional studies. It is likely that the significant findings were due to tracing error, given the indiscrete location of euryon and the large, relatively asymmetric shape of the jugular foramen. However, if these structures are truly asymmetric, we can infer from our sample of symmetric patients, that there is no clinical relevance. Further studies with an increased sample size, additional landmarks or a more discrete sample can be performed to continue describing the skull base. The results of this study offer valuable reference data that can be used as a baseline for future studies.

This thesis is a qualitative case study of a risk controversy generated by a proposal to construct a high-level nuclear waste repository on the Goshute Indian reservation in rural, northwestern Utah. Using data taken from local newspapers and public hearings, I examine and compare the claims-making activity of project opponents and project proponents. I explore and analyze variability in claims making along four specific dimensions: risk communication, trust and distrust in science and technology, environmental equity, and tribal sovereignty. My analysis is intended to illuminate the sources of contention between opponent and proponent claims-making groups in this case.

One of the greatest challenges to modem society is the management and disposal of hazardous by-products that have accompanied the industrial advances of the twentieth century. One of the most difficult by-products to deal with has been radioactive waste. Previous research has shown that due to the real and perceived risks associated with this type of waste, the burden of storing said waste has fallen on minority communities, including Native American groups. This research examines the proposed temporary nuclear waste storage facility to be located on the Skull Valley Indian Reservation in Utah. Using an ethnographic case study approach, this research examines the claimsmaking activities of opponents and proponents involved in this information campaign. Of specific interest is the rhetoric that each of these groups employ in an attempt to establish a regime of truth. This research focuses on the prominent rhetorical themes and tactics used by the stakeholder groups vying for supremacy and public acceptance.