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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
101

Craniofacial morphology associated with susceptibility to cleft lip

Herman, William. January 1981 (has links)
No description available.
102

Spring Mediated Cranioplasty for the Treatment of Craniosynostosis

Hurst, William James 05 May 2003 (has links)
Craniosynostosis is a disorder characterized by the premature fusion of one or more cranial sutures in the infant skull, resulting in an abnormal shape of the cranium. An effective surgical procedure for treatment of this disorder has been developed and is currently use called "Dynamic Spring Mediated Craniofacial Reshaping." This technique involves surgical removal of the fused suture and insertion of springs to expand the gap created by the suture removal in order to gradually reshape the skull to a more desirable shape. There were three primary objectives of this research: develop a device that could fabricate type 316 stainless steel wireform springs having consistent mechanical characteristics, evaluate the performance of the device, and develop a mathematical model to predict the mechanical characteristics of the fabricated springs. Use of the mathematical model facilitates further research to be performed that could determine the most effective use of the "Dynamic Spring Mediated Craniofacial Reshaping" surgical procedure. / Master of Science
103

MT1-MMP in craniofacial development and FGF signaling

Chan, Kui-ming., 陳居明. January 2007 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Biochemistry / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy
104

Sinais clínicos de fratura da base do crânio e seu desempenho no diagnóstico dessa lesão / Clinical signs associated with skull base fracture and its performance on the diagnosis of this injury.

Solai, Cibele Andres 17 July 2013 (has links)
Introdução: A fragilidade dos sinais clínicos de fratura de base do crânio (FBC) para o diagnóstico dessa lesão, contraposta pela relevância atribuída a esses sinais, motivou a atual investigação, tendo em vista, sobretudo, a importância do diagnóstico dessa fratura nas intervenções iniciais ao doente traumatizado. Objetivos: Descrever o desempenho dos sinais clínicos de FBC para o diagnóstico dessa lesão; verificar o desempenho do hematoma periorbital e/ou rinorreia para diferenciar a fratura de fossa anterior das demais fraturas da base do crânio; descrever o tempo pós-trauma de aparecimento dos sinais clínicos em vítimas com e sem FBC; descrever o desempenho dos sinais de FBC na identificação precoce desse tipo de lesão; verificar a associação entre a presença de sinais clínicos de FBC e as variáveis idade do paciente e gravidade do trauma craniencefálico (TCE). Método: Estudo prospectivo do tipo follow up realizado por meio de observação estruturada de vítimas de TCE até 48 horas após trauma. Foram estudados indivíduos com idade 12 anos, com TCE contuso, atendidos na Unidade de Emergência Cirúrgica da Casa de Saúde Santa Marcelina entre agosto de 2012 e janeiro de 2013. Essa investigação foi focada nos sinais de FBC clássicos, apreciados rotineiramente na prática assistencial: hematoma periorbital, hematoma retroauricular, otorreia e rinorreia. Nas análises, o padrão-ouro para diagnóstico de FBC foi a tomografia computadorizada ou a visualização direta dessa fratura em cirurgia. Para avaliar o desempenho dos sinais clínicos de FBC, foi calculado seu valor preditivo positivo (VPP) e negativo (VPN), a sensibilidade, a especificidade e a acurácia. O teste quiquadrado foi aplicado para verificar as associações entre as variáveis. Resultados: A casuística foi composta de 136 vítimas com TCE, das quais 28 tiveram FBC. Os sinais clínicos de FBC observados nas primeiras 48 horas pós-trauma apresentaram VPP = 25,7%, VPN = 94,3%, sensibilidade de 92,8%, especificidade de 30,5% e acurácia de 43,4%. Quando detectados na primeira hora, os sinais clínicos tiveram o seguinte desempenho: VPP = 27,1%, VPN = 86,4%, sensibilidade de 67,8%, especificidade de 52,8% e acurácia de 55,9%. Vítimas com e sem FBC tiveram evidências clínicas desse tipo de fratura após a primeira hora do trauma, 21,0% entre 1 e 6 horas e 9,0% após 6 horas. Entre os indivíduos com FBC e sinais clínicos, 26,9% tiveram manifestação mais tardia desse tipo de lesão. A presença de sinais clínicos de FBC em vítimas de TCE se associou com a sua gravidade (p = 0,041 e 0,002), porém não esteve relacionada com a idade (p = 0,350). Nas vítimas com FBC, as evidências clínicas específicas de lesão de fossa anterior tiveram acurácia de 53,6%, VPP = 42,8%, VPN = 85,5%, sensibilidade de 90,0% e especificidade de 33,3%. Conclusão: Os resultados do atual estudo contraindiciam a valorização dos sinais de FBC na decisão do uso da via nasal para introdução de cateter e cânulas no atendimento inicial da vítima de trauma, visto que é baixa a acurácia desses sinais, sua presença tem pouco valor clínico e a ausência apresenta bom valor preditivo tardiamente. / Introduction: The fragility of the clinical signs for skull base fracture (SBF) diagnosis and, on the other hand, the importance attributed to these signals motivated this research, especially because of the importance of the fracture diagnosis in the first interventions on the trauma patient. Objectives: To describe the performance of clinical signs on the SBF diagnosis; to verify the performance of periorbital hematoma and/or rhinorrhea to differentiate a anterior fossa fracture from other skull base fractures; to describe the trauma clinical signs onset in victims with or without SBF; to describe the signs performance in the early identification of SBF; to verify the association between SBF clinical signs and age of the patient and severity of head injury (SHI) variables. Methods: Prospective follow-up conducted through structured observation of skull brain trauma (SBT) victims within 48 hours after trauma. The study was about subjects aged 12 years with blunt SBT, treated at the Emergency Surgical Unit at the Santa Marcelina Hospital between August 2012 and January 2013. This investigation was focused on classical SBF signs routinely examinated in healthcare practice: periorbital hematoma, retroauricular hematoma, otorrhea and rhinorrhea. In the analysis, the gold standard for SBF diagnosis was computed tomography or direct visualization of the fracture on surgery. To evaluate the performance of SBF clinical signs, it was calculated its positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV), sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. The chi-square test was used to assess relationships between variables. Results: The sample consisted of 136 SBT victims, 28 of whom had SBF. Clinical signs of SBF observed in the first 48 hours post-trauma showed PPV 25.7%, NPV 94.3%, sensitivity 92.8%, specificity 30.5% and accuracy 43.4%. When detected in the first hour, the clinical signs performed as follows: PPV 27.1%, NPV 86.4%, sensitivity 67.8%, specificity 52.8% and accuracy 55.9%. Victims with or without SBF showed clinical evidence of this kind of fracture after the first hour of injury, 21,0% between 1 and 6 hours and 9,0% after 6 hours. Among individuals with SBF and clinical signs, 26.9% had a later manifestation of this lesion. The presence of SBF clinical signs in SBT was associated with severity (p = 0.041 and 0.002), but was not related with age (p = 0.350). In victims with SBF, specific clinical evidence of anterior fossa injury had an accuracy of 53.6%, PPV 42.8%, NPV 85.5%, sensitivity 90,0% and specificity 33.3%. Conclusion: The results of this study contraindicated the recovery of SBF signs in the decision of the nasal cannula use and catheter placement in the initial care of the trauma victim, since the accuracy of these signals is low, their presence has little clinical value and the absence has good predictive value later.
105

Hydrogel therapy for re-synostosis based on the developmental and regenerative changes of murine cranial sutures

Hermann, Christopher Douglas 23 May 2012 (has links)
Craniosynostosis is the premature fusion of one or more cranial sutures in the developing skull. If left untreated, craniosynostosis can result in developmental delays, blindness, deafness, and other impairments resulting from an increase in the intracranial pressure. In many cases, the treatment consists of complex calvarial vault reconstruction with the hope of restoring a normal skull appearance and volume. Re-synostosis, the premature re-closure following surgery, occurs in up to 40% children who undergo surgery. If this occurs, a second surgery is needed to remove portions of the fused skull in an attempt to correct the deformities and/or relieve an increase in intracranial pressure. These subsequent surgeries are associated with an incredibly high incidence of life threatening complications. To address this unmet clinical need we have developed strategies to delay the post-operative bone growth in a clinically relevant murine model of re-synostosis. The overall objective of this thesis was to develop a hydrogel based therapy to delay rapid bone regeneration in a murine model of re-synostosis. The overall hypothesis was that delivery of key BMP inhibitors involved in regulating normal suture development and regeneration will delay the rapid bone growth that in seen in a pediatric murine model of re-synostosis. The overall approach is to use micro-computed tomography (µCT) to determine the time course of suture fusion and to identify genes associated with key developmental time points, to develop a pediatric specific mouse model that displays rapid re-synostosis, and lastly to develop a hydrogel based therapy to delay the re-synostosis of this cranial defect.
106

Cranial morphology in Down's syndrome A comparative roentgenencephalometric study in adult males.

Kisling, Erik. January 1966 (has links)
Doktoravhandling--Copenhagen. / Bibliography: p. 97-[100].
107

Cranial morphology in Down's syndrome A comparative roentgenencephalometric study in adult males.

Kisling, Erik. January 1966 (has links)
Doktoravhandling--Copenhagen. / Bibliography: p. 97-[100].
108

Distrator ósseo craniano de acionamento magnético percutâneo

Kondageski, Charles 27 October 2010 (has links)
As craniossinostoses são malformações do crânio decorrentes da ausência ou do fechamento precoce de uma ou de múltiplas suturas cranianas. O tratamento tem por objetivo a correção dos defeitos estéticos e controle da pressão intracraniana. Os distratores ósseos internos são uma opção cirúrgica interessante, pois possibilitam a movimentação óssea em determinada direção, e, consequentemente, uma modificam [sic] a conformação craniana. Esta dissertação descreve o desenvolvimento de um protótipo de distrator ósseo craniano de acionamento magnético percutâneo submetido a testes de bancada. O distrator desenvolvido foi prototipado em resina, contendo as seguintes partes: o cursor, a base, o mecanismo de trava unidirecional em cremalheira e o invólucro de proteção. O sistema de ativação apresenta uma peça ferromagnética interna, um imã externo de ativação e dois parafusos de fixação. O modelo de bancada elaborado simulou as forças necessárias para a distração das placas ósseas cranianas. Os testes de bancada demonstraram que o acoplamento magnético entre o imã externo e os discos ferromagnéticos internos foi capaz de promover um deslocamento máximo de 28 mm entre as placas, equivalente a uma força de 10,88 N. O mecanismo de trava em cremalheira para deslocamento unidirecional foi eficaz ao bloquear o retrocesso do cursor e desta forma manteve a distração. / Craniosynostosis occurs as a result of the absence or premature closure of one or multiple cranial sutures. Its treatment aims at correcting the esthetic defects as well as to control the intra-cranial pressure. The use of internal bone distractors is a valuable surgical option, promoting direct bone movement, and thus modifying the skull contours. This dissertation includes the description of the development and bench testing of a magnetic calvarial bone distractor remotely activated. The distractor is made out of four parts, all prototyped using resin: the cursor, the base, the one-way locking system and the protection cap. The activation system is composed by one internal iron-magnetic plate, one external activation magnet and two fixation screws. The test bench was designed to simulate the expected forces to which the distractor should counteract. The bench testing showed that the magnetic coupling between the external magnet and the iron-magnetic plate was strong enough for the distractor to carry out a maximum 28-mm distraction, being equivalent to a 10.88 N force. The one-way locking system was efficient in preventing the distractor cursor to recede, maintaining the gap between the two plates stable.
109

Distrator ósseo craniano de acionamento magnético percutâneo

Kondageski, Charles 27 October 2010 (has links)
As craniossinostoses são malformações do crânio decorrentes da ausência ou do fechamento precoce de uma ou de múltiplas suturas cranianas. O tratamento tem por objetivo a correção dos defeitos estéticos e controle da pressão intracraniana. Os distratores ósseos internos são uma opção cirúrgica interessante, pois possibilitam a movimentação óssea em determinada direção, e, consequentemente, uma modificam [sic] a conformação craniana. Esta dissertação descreve o desenvolvimento de um protótipo de distrator ósseo craniano de acionamento magnético percutâneo submetido a testes de bancada. O distrator desenvolvido foi prototipado em resina, contendo as seguintes partes: o cursor, a base, o mecanismo de trava unidirecional em cremalheira e o invólucro de proteção. O sistema de ativação apresenta uma peça ferromagnética interna, um imã externo de ativação e dois parafusos de fixação. O modelo de bancada elaborado simulou as forças necessárias para a distração das placas ósseas cranianas. Os testes de bancada demonstraram que o acoplamento magnético entre o imã externo e os discos ferromagnéticos internos foi capaz de promover um deslocamento máximo de 28 mm entre as placas, equivalente a uma força de 10,88 N. O mecanismo de trava em cremalheira para deslocamento unidirecional foi eficaz ao bloquear o retrocesso do cursor e desta forma manteve a distração. / Craniosynostosis occurs as a result of the absence or premature closure of one or multiple cranial sutures. Its treatment aims at correcting the esthetic defects as well as to control the intra-cranial pressure. The use of internal bone distractors is a valuable surgical option, promoting direct bone movement, and thus modifying the skull contours. This dissertation includes the description of the development and bench testing of a magnetic calvarial bone distractor remotely activated. The distractor is made out of four parts, all prototyped using resin: the cursor, the base, the one-way locking system and the protection cap. The activation system is composed by one internal iron-magnetic plate, one external activation magnet and two fixation screws. The test bench was designed to simulate the expected forces to which the distractor should counteract. The bench testing showed that the magnetic coupling between the external magnet and the iron-magnetic plate was strong enough for the distractor to carry out a maximum 28-mm distraction, being equivalent to a 10.88 N force. The one-way locking system was efficient in preventing the distractor cursor to recede, maintaining the gap between the two plates stable.
110

Sinais clínicos de fratura da base do crânio e seu desempenho no diagnóstico dessa lesão / Clinical signs associated with skull base fracture and its performance on the diagnosis of this injury.

Cibele Andres Solai 17 July 2013 (has links)
Introdução: A fragilidade dos sinais clínicos de fratura de base do crânio (FBC) para o diagnóstico dessa lesão, contraposta pela relevância atribuída a esses sinais, motivou a atual investigação, tendo em vista, sobretudo, a importância do diagnóstico dessa fratura nas intervenções iniciais ao doente traumatizado. Objetivos: Descrever o desempenho dos sinais clínicos de FBC para o diagnóstico dessa lesão; verificar o desempenho do hematoma periorbital e/ou rinorreia para diferenciar a fratura de fossa anterior das demais fraturas da base do crânio; descrever o tempo pós-trauma de aparecimento dos sinais clínicos em vítimas com e sem FBC; descrever o desempenho dos sinais de FBC na identificação precoce desse tipo de lesão; verificar a associação entre a presença de sinais clínicos de FBC e as variáveis idade do paciente e gravidade do trauma craniencefálico (TCE). Método: Estudo prospectivo do tipo follow up realizado por meio de observação estruturada de vítimas de TCE até 48 horas após trauma. Foram estudados indivíduos com idade 12 anos, com TCE contuso, atendidos na Unidade de Emergência Cirúrgica da Casa de Saúde Santa Marcelina entre agosto de 2012 e janeiro de 2013. Essa investigação foi focada nos sinais de FBC clássicos, apreciados rotineiramente na prática assistencial: hematoma periorbital, hematoma retroauricular, otorreia e rinorreia. Nas análises, o padrão-ouro para diagnóstico de FBC foi a tomografia computadorizada ou a visualização direta dessa fratura em cirurgia. Para avaliar o desempenho dos sinais clínicos de FBC, foi calculado seu valor preditivo positivo (VPP) e negativo (VPN), a sensibilidade, a especificidade e a acurácia. O teste quiquadrado foi aplicado para verificar as associações entre as variáveis. Resultados: A casuística foi composta de 136 vítimas com TCE, das quais 28 tiveram FBC. Os sinais clínicos de FBC observados nas primeiras 48 horas pós-trauma apresentaram VPP = 25,7%, VPN = 94,3%, sensibilidade de 92,8%, especificidade de 30,5% e acurácia de 43,4%. Quando detectados na primeira hora, os sinais clínicos tiveram o seguinte desempenho: VPP = 27,1%, VPN = 86,4%, sensibilidade de 67,8%, especificidade de 52,8% e acurácia de 55,9%. Vítimas com e sem FBC tiveram evidências clínicas desse tipo de fratura após a primeira hora do trauma, 21,0% entre 1 e 6 horas e 9,0% após 6 horas. Entre os indivíduos com FBC e sinais clínicos, 26,9% tiveram manifestação mais tardia desse tipo de lesão. A presença de sinais clínicos de FBC em vítimas de TCE se associou com a sua gravidade (p = 0,041 e 0,002), porém não esteve relacionada com a idade (p = 0,350). Nas vítimas com FBC, as evidências clínicas específicas de lesão de fossa anterior tiveram acurácia de 53,6%, VPP = 42,8%, VPN = 85,5%, sensibilidade de 90,0% e especificidade de 33,3%. Conclusão: Os resultados do atual estudo contraindiciam a valorização dos sinais de FBC na decisão do uso da via nasal para introdução de cateter e cânulas no atendimento inicial da vítima de trauma, visto que é baixa a acurácia desses sinais, sua presença tem pouco valor clínico e a ausência apresenta bom valor preditivo tardiamente. / Introduction: The fragility of the clinical signs for skull base fracture (SBF) diagnosis and, on the other hand, the importance attributed to these signals motivated this research, especially because of the importance of the fracture diagnosis in the first interventions on the trauma patient. Objectives: To describe the performance of clinical signs on the SBF diagnosis; to verify the performance of periorbital hematoma and/or rhinorrhea to differentiate a anterior fossa fracture from other skull base fractures; to describe the trauma clinical signs onset in victims with or without SBF; to describe the signs performance in the early identification of SBF; to verify the association between SBF clinical signs and age of the patient and severity of head injury (SHI) variables. Methods: Prospective follow-up conducted through structured observation of skull brain trauma (SBT) victims within 48 hours after trauma. The study was about subjects aged 12 years with blunt SBT, treated at the Emergency Surgical Unit at the Santa Marcelina Hospital between August 2012 and January 2013. This investigation was focused on classical SBF signs routinely examinated in healthcare practice: periorbital hematoma, retroauricular hematoma, otorrhea and rhinorrhea. In the analysis, the gold standard for SBF diagnosis was computed tomography or direct visualization of the fracture on surgery. To evaluate the performance of SBF clinical signs, it was calculated its positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV), sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. The chi-square test was used to assess relationships between variables. Results: The sample consisted of 136 SBT victims, 28 of whom had SBF. Clinical signs of SBF observed in the first 48 hours post-trauma showed PPV 25.7%, NPV 94.3%, sensitivity 92.8%, specificity 30.5% and accuracy 43.4%. When detected in the first hour, the clinical signs performed as follows: PPV 27.1%, NPV 86.4%, sensitivity 67.8%, specificity 52.8% and accuracy 55.9%. Victims with or without SBF showed clinical evidence of this kind of fracture after the first hour of injury, 21,0% between 1 and 6 hours and 9,0% after 6 hours. Among individuals with SBF and clinical signs, 26.9% had a later manifestation of this lesion. The presence of SBF clinical signs in SBT was associated with severity (p = 0.041 and 0.002), but was not related with age (p = 0.350). In victims with SBF, specific clinical evidence of anterior fossa injury had an accuracy of 53.6%, PPV 42.8%, NPV 85.5%, sensitivity 90,0% and specificity 33.3%. Conclusion: The results of this study contraindicated the recovery of SBF signs in the decision of the nasal cannula use and catheter placement in the initial care of the trauma victim, since the accuracy of these signals is low, their presence has little clinical value and the absence has good predictive value later.

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