Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Alberta, 2009. / Title from pdf file main screen (viewed on Jan. 7, 2010). "A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Food Science and Technology, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta." Includes bibliographical references.

Twenty-one market-age swine slaughtered in the University of Kentuckyabattoir were inoculated with fecal slurry containing two strains of nalidixic acidresistant Salmonella typhimurium on the ham, belly, and jowl regions on eachside of the carcass. Trial 1 revealed that a 10 s hot water spray was just aseffective as the 20 s spray in removing S. typhimurium, as there was nodistinguishable difference in population. The shorter flame singe (10 s) was aseffective as the 20 s application and the two chlorine solutions (100, 200 ppm)had similar results. The 2% lactic acid spray reduced S. typhimurium populationssignificantly more than the 1% treatment. Trial 2 compared the four mostefficient levels of each intervention method. Efficacy of the intervention methodswas observed in the following order: Hot water (10 s) andgt; Chlorine (50 ppm) =Lactic acid (2%) andgt; Flame (10 s). The effect of carcass area was significantfollowing the post treatment hot water rinse. The jowl area was least accessibleby the high pressure water spray. However after the treatment applications, hotwater rinse, and 24 h chill (2??C) there was no significant difference betweentreated and untreated carcasses or between carcass areas.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Murdoch University, 2007. / Thesis submitted to the Division of Science and Engineering. Bibliography: leaves 189-196.

Thesis (doctoral)--Uppsala University, 1989. / Abstract and summary in English. Includes bibliographical references (p. 223-242).

Thesis (doctoral)--Uppsala University, 1989. / Abstract and summary in English. Includes bibliographical references (p. 223-242).

Master of Science / Department of Biological & Agricultural Engineering / Ronaldo G. Maghirang / There are several stressful events throughout an animal’s lifetime, but transportation is considered one of the most detrimental events to animal welfare by many professionals, regardless of species. Transportation consists of several different interacting and compounding factors that can affect animal welfare and meat product quality. The purpose of this report is to review current industry practices of land transport of different livestock types to slaughter facilities, primarily within the United States and Canada. This review evaluated species-specific transport practices and subsequent effects on animal welfare and carcass quality for both animal welfare and economic outlooks. Regulations are placed on the driver and time limits that the animals are allowed to be in transit. Trailer style use partially depends on the age and species of animal that is being hauled. Cattle are more likely to be hauled in pot belly trailers, while pigs are often transported in either pot belly or straight deck trailers. Poultry trailer type directly depends on the age of the birds being transported. Enclosed trailers are more often used in the European Union but are slowly making an impression on United States and Canadian markets. Cattle are transported several times in their lives with each trip varying in duration, loading density, and other environment altering factors. Each time the animals are transported there is the risk of low air flow, heat, or cold stress that can reduce animal welfare. Loading density has been broken down to equations, duration is limited by hours in trailer and location, and changes in physiology and behavior further exacerbate cattle transport stress. Pigs are transported fewer times than cattle, but thousands of pigs die during this process each year. Market weight pig mortality predictability increases with increasing temperature-humidity index and also increasing loading densities, with a specific equation to quantify this correlation. Shrink is another factor that can be linearly derived as transport time increases in swine. Fatigued Pig Syndrome is welfare issues that can impact the meat product resulting in pale, soft, and exudative pork. Poultry are usually only shipped once or twice and require special trailers and equipment. Shipping crates or modular drawers are used for grown birds where the birds are loaded into these containers, and then placed on a poultry trailer. Poultry have a very narrow comfort window of 21°C to 24°C, making transport difficult and detrimental to their welfare. Loading density is based on type and size of shipping container; however, regardless of loading density, the likelihood of bird death increases drastically as duration increases.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-12-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:35:26Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 alfani_r_me_botfmvz.pdf: 1580787 bytes, checksum: 9d1168d0864b69db5108b386caa718f8 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a ocorrência de Salmonella spp. nos vários pontos do fluxograma do abate de rãs (Rana catesbeiana – Rã Touro), desde os currais de espera até o produto final, bem como nas vísceras não comestíveis e no fígado. Das 120 amostras analisadas ao longo do abate (15 amostras por ponto / 8 pontos de colheita), 39 (32,5%) mostraram-se positivas, independentemente do ponto de colheita. Em relação a estes, obtiveram-se os seguintes resultados: 26,7% de positividade na água dos currais de espera, 13,3% após a insensibilização e após a sangria, 26,7% após a retirada da pele, 46,7% após a evisceração, 40% no produto final não embalado e nas vísceras, e 53,3% para o fígado. Conclui-se que a carne de rã, produto final, obtida nas condições estudadas, pode representar um sério risco à saúde pública, como veículo de Salmonella spp. A contaminação detectada nos vários pontos de colheita se dá de forma gradativa e contínua ao decorrer do abate. Das etapas estudadas, a evisceração é a mais crítica em relação à contaminação por Salmonella spp. É necessária a implementação de pontos críticos de controle no processo de abate e, consequentemente, ações corretivas para minimizar tais contaminações. / The study aimed to assess the occurrence of Salmonella spp. in several parts of the flowchart of the slaughter of frogs (Rana catesbeiana - Bullfrog), since the waiting pens until the final product, as well as in viscera not edible and in the liver. Of the 120 samples analyzed over the slaughter (15 samples per point / 8 points of collection), 39 (32,5%) have proved positive, regardless of the point of harvest. For these, obtained the following results: 26,7% of positivity in the water of waiting pens, 13,3% after stunning and after the bleeding, 26,7% after the withdrawal of skin, 46,7% after evisceration, 40% in the final product not packed and for the viscera, and 53,3% for the liver. It follows that the meat of frog, the final product, obtained under the conditions studied, may represent a serious risk to public health, as a vehicle of Salmonella spp. The contamination detected in the various points of collection occurs in a gradual and continuous course of the slaughter. In stages studied, the evisceration is the most critical point of the contamination by Salmonella spp. It’s necessary establish critical points of control in the process of slaughter and, therefore, correct actions to minimize such contamination.

M.Tech. (Biological and Health Technology) / The manner in which ritual slaughterings are executed in the R.S.A. is unknown to the majority of the population. The requirements with which religious slaughterings must comply as well as the facilities used for that purpose are even less familiar. The subject of the Jewish method of slaughter (Shechita) has especially elicited much discussion, due to the major divergence of opinion between the Jewish community and animal welfare organisations, as far as the slaughter technique and restraining facilities are concerned. This study was undertaken in an endeavour to find a solution to the problems in the form of restraining facilities acceptable to both groups. The first phase comprised a literature study of Shechita. The second phase consisted of a study tour to the United States of America and Israel, to become acquainted with the latest technology employed for Shechita. The last phase entailed the construction of a prototype restrainer facility at the Johannesburg Abattoir to facilitate experiments for the development of a head clamp. The function of the head clamp is to restrain the animal in such a manner that it can be slaughtered in the upright position but still in full compliance with the rules of Shechita. This study represents an endeavour to contribute meaningfully to and supplement existing knowledge and know-how applicable in South African circumstances.

published_or_final_version / Environmental Management / Master / Master of Science in Environmental Management

Orientador: Ângelo Berchieri Júnior / Banca: Antonio Carlos Alessi / Banca: Simone Alves Mendes Ribeiro / Resumo: A presente pesquisa avaliou o nível de contaminação por Salmonella spp. em dois abatedouros avícolas com sistema de inspeção diferenciados - SIF (serviço de inspeção federal) e SISP (serviço de inspeção do estado de São Paulo). O estudo foi realizado em abatedouros localizados no estado de São Paulo, no período de janeiro a fevereiro de 2009. Foram colhidas 292 amostras, oriundas de locais considerados críticos do abatedouro, como gaiolas de transporte, água do tanque de escalda, depenadeiras, área de evisceração, água dos tanques de pré- resfriamento e resfriamento e setor de embalagem (carcaça e partes prontas para comercialização). No abatedouro A, 30 amostras foram positivas (18,7%), sendo as depenadeiras o local onde mais isolou-se Salmonella spp. e no abatedouro B, 74 amostras positivas (56,1%), sendo as gaiolas e a área de evisceração e depenadeiras os locais mais contaminados. Os sorovares mais detectados foram S. Albany, S. Infantis e S. Schwarzengrund, S. Kentucky / Abstract: The following research evaluated the level of contamination by Salmonella spp. In two poultry slaughterhouses with different inspection systems - SIF (service of federal inspection) and SISP (service of inspection of state Sao Paulo). The study was carried out in slaughterhouses located in the state of Sao Paulo, in the period of January to February of 2009. It was gathered a total of 292 samples, from the critical points of the slaughterhouses: transport cages, water from the scalding tank, plucking machines, evisceration, water from tanks of pre-cooling and cooling and packaging sector with samples of final products. The slaughterhouse A 30 samples were positive (18,7%), being the most contaminated the plucking machine and on slaughterhouse B 74 samples were positive (56,1%), being the cages, evisceration and the plucking machines the most contaminated. The serotypes most detected were S. Albany, S. Infantis e S. Schwarzengrund, S. Kentucky / Mestre