The growing trend towards multi-family dwelling units combined with the predominant use of light construction materials, has brought about an increasing awareness of the need for greater acoustic privacy. Although the total evaluation of acoustic privacy is dependent on many factors, the party wall is generally the most important element in achieving that goal. The concept of 'masking', with regard to airborne sound transmission, was applied to a privacy model derived from other studies. This model was used to evaluate different plasterboard wall constructions in a series of computer-simulated tests. The method compares the anticipated 'masking' calculated from the single-figure STC rating and from actual Transmission Loss values. Further tests were carried out to evaluate a simplified acoustic measurement using the A-weighted sound level differences of various noise spectra. The validity of this simplified measurement enables its use in the application of a building standardise results of the different wall data were then evaluated to determine a level of user satisfaction based on predicted subjective response. Comparison of this level with CHHC and other standards, shows the latter to be very marginal values. Some walls were also analysed as to the effect of design and different components on their acoustic performance. Lastly, the results of the simplified measurement technique indicates the applicability of a general household noise spectrum in evaluating the acoustic privacy between dwelling units. The implementation of this method in conjunction with a Privacy Index is an effective way of specifying a minimum level cf acoustic privacy. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Architecture and Landscape Architecture (SALA), School of / Graduate

No description available.

Hospital noise has been an area of concern for medical professionals and researchers for the last century. Researchers have attempted to characterize the soundscape of hospital wards and have made some preliminary links between noise and human outcomes. In the past, most of the research has used traditional acoustic metrics. These traditional metrics, such as average sound level, are readily measured using sound level meters and have been the primary results reported in previous studies. However, it has been shown that these traditional metrics may be insufficient in fully characterizing the wards. The two studies presented here use traditional metrics and nontraditional metrics to define the soundscape of hospital wards. The uncovered links, between both sound level metrics and psychoacoustic metrics and patient physiological measurements, are discussed. Correlations and risk ratios demonstrate the presence and the strength of these relationships. These results demonstrate the relationships between hospital acoustics and patient physiological arousal. Additionally, the effects of adding absorption in a hospital ward are presented. Sound level, sound power, reverberation time and other acoustic metrics are directly affected. The speech intelligibility in these wards is evaluated in order to highlight the temporal nature of speech intelligibility. With both studies combined, both traditional and nontraditional acoustic measures are shown to have statistically significant relationships to both patient and staff outcomes.

Genom konstruktion och tillverkning av prototyper samt med hjälp av ljud- och flödesmätningar av dessa, tillsammans med standardmodellen, har vi lyckats förbättra flödet genom ventilen Al-db 450, producerad av Fresh AB i Gemla. För ljudmätningar har en testrigg konstruerats och tillverkats. / By design and manufacturing of prototypes, in conjunction with sound and flow measurements, we successfully increased air flow through the vent Al-db 450. The producer of this fresh air vent is Fresh AB in Gemla, Sweden. For sound testing a box was designed and manufactured.

<p>Genom konstruktion och tillverkning av prototyper samt med hjälp av ljud- och flödesmätningar av dessa, tillsammans med standardmodellen, har vi lyckats förbättra flödet genom ventilen Al-db 450, producerad av Fresh AB i Gemla. För ljudmätningar har en testrigg konstruerats och tillverkats.</p> / <p>By design and manufacturing of prototypes, in conjunction with sound and flow measurements, we successfully increased air flow through the vent Al-db 450. The producer of this fresh air vent is Fresh AB in Gemla, Sweden. For sound testing a box was designed and manufactured.</p>

Звукоизоляция материалов является ключевым вопросом в оценке конкурентоспособности на строительном рынке. Поэтому, для удовлетворения новым и перспективным нормам по шуму необходимы прорывные решения, основанные на глубоких научных исследованиях, создание работоспособных методов и методик оценки звукоизоляции строительных материалов и повышения коэффициента звукопоглощения. Для реализации этих целей требуются научно-исследовательские лаборатории, имеющие достаточную материально-техническую базу, удовлетворяющие требованиям стандартов. Главной целью диссертации является создание акустической реверберационной камеры для испытаний строительных изделий и конструкций на звукоизоляцию. Также диссертация посвящена проведению первичной аттестации камеры. / Soundproof materials is a key issue in assessing competitiveness in the construction market. Therefore, to meet new and promising noise norms, breakthrough solutions based on in-depth scientific research, the creation of efficient methods and techniques for assessing the sound insulation of building materials and increasing the sound absorption coefficient are necessary. To achieve these goals, research laboratories that have sufficient material and technical facilities that meet the requirements of standards are required. The main goal of the dissertation is to create an acoustic reverberation chamber for testing construction products and structures for soundproofing. Also the Thesis is devoted to the primary certification of the camera.

Chan Wai Yip. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 210-227). / Acknowledgments --- p.1 / Summary --- p.3 / Table of Contents --- p.5 / List of Figures --- p.11 / List of Tables --- p.14 / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.17 / Chapter 1.1 --- Objectives of the Study --- p.17 / Chapter 1.2 --- The Uniqueness of Hong Kong --- p.17 / Chapter 1.3 --- The Selection of Tsuen Wan --- p.19 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Conceptual Background --- p.23 / Chapter 2.1 --- Review of Traffic Noise Research in Foreign Countries --- p.23 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Urban Noise Surveys --- p.23 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Traffic Noise Characteristics --- p.25 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Traffic Noise and Sleep Disturbance --- p.28 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Noise Events --- p.29 / Chapter 2.1.5 --- Noise Environment by Multiple Noise Sources --- p.31 / Chapter 2.1.6 --- Urban Form and Noise Exposure --- p.32 / Chapter 2.2 --- Review of Noise Research in Hong Kong --- p.33 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Introduction --- p.33 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Noise Survey --- p.35 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Noise Exposure and Response --- p.36 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Attenuation of Noise --- p.37 / Chapter 2.2.5 --- Annoyance Produced by Different Vehicle Types --- p.38 / Chapter 2.2.6 --- Noise Mitigation Measures --- p.39 / Chapter 2.3 --- Research Issues in Hong Kong --- p.40 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Noise Exposure Level of Public Housing Estates and Old Urban Area --- p.40 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Indoor Noise Level --- p.42 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Frequency Analysis of Road Traffic Noise at Receiver --- p.42 / Chapter 2.3.4 --- Noise Event Analysis --- p.43 / Chapter 2.3.5 --- Noise Emitter Identification --- p.43 / Chapter 2.3.6 --- Comparison of Measured Noise Levels with Critical Load for Sleep Disturbance --- p.44 / Chapter 2.3.7 --- Noise Exposure Levels of Dwellings Built at Different Times --- p.45 / Chapter 2.3.8 --- Road Traffic Noise and Urban Form --- p.45 / Chapter 2.4 --- Significance of the Research --- p.46 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Methodology --- p.49 / Chapter 3.1 --- Broad Framework --- p.49 / Chapter 3.2 --- Noise Exposure --- p.49 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Prediction Method --- p.50 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Receptor Oriented Approach --- p.51 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Choice of Target Areas --- p.51 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Validation of Prediction Results by Field Measurement --- p.57 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- Comparison of Measured and Predicted Noise Level --- p.67 / Chapter 3.2.6 --- "The Noise Exposure Level of the Sampled Dwellings in Tsuen Wan, with Comparison with Other Countries and Other Parts of Hong Kong" --- p.69 / Chapter 3.3 --- Variation of Noise Exposure among Housing Estates --- p.69 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Criteria for Comparison --- p.70 / Chapter 3.4 --- Traffic Noise Effect on Urban Population --- p.73 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- 24-hour Noise Environment --- p.73 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Site Selection --- p.74 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- 24-hour Facade Noise Level --- p.77 / Chapter 3.4.4 --- Late Night Indoor Noise Level and Video Recording --- p.79 / Chapter 3.4.5 --- Frequency Analysis of Noise Events --- p.82 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Noise Exposure of Tsuen Wan Residents --- p.85 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.85 / Chapter 4.2 --- Comparison of Noise Exposure Level of the Sampled Dwellings in Tsuen Wan with Hong Kong Traffic Noise Guideline --- p.85 / Chapter 4.3 --- Frequency Distribution of Noise Exposure Level of the Sampled Dwellingsin Tsuen Wan --- p.87 / Chapter 4.4 --- Comparison of Noise Exposure of the Sampled Dwellings in Tsuen Wan with Dwellings in Australia and England --- p.90 / Chapter 4.5 --- Comparison of Noise Exposure of Dwellings in Tsuen Wan With Previous studies in Hong Kong --- p.93 / Chapter 4.6 --- Variations in Noise Exposure Level among Housing Clusters --- p.96 / Chapter 4.7 --- Conclusion --- p.97 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Factors Affecting Traffic Noise Exposure in Different Housing Clusters --- p.106 / Chapter 5.1 --- Comparison of Noise Exposure Level of Dwellings Built at Different Times …… --- p.106 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Classification of Dwellings According to the Time of Construction --- p.106 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- Discussion --- p.112 / Chapter 5.2 --- "Noise Exposure Level of Private, Public Housing and Village Houses" --- p.113 / Chapter 5.3 --- Noise Exposure and Urban Form --- p.121 / Chapter 5.4 --- Variation of Noise Level with Elevation for Dwellings Built at Different Times --- p.128 / Chapter 5.4.1 --- Variation of Noise Level with Height for Dwellings Built Mostly in the 50's and 60´ةs --- p.130 / Chapter 5.4.2 --- Variation of Mean Noise Exposure Level with Height for Dwellings Builtin the 70's and Early 80's --- p.133 / Chapter 5.4.3 --- Variation of Noise Level with Elevation for Dwellings Built after 1985 --- p.134 / Chapter 5.4.4 --- Discussion --- p.135 / Chapter 5.5 --- Variation of Noise Level with Elevation for Nine Individual High-rise Housing Estates --- p.137 / Chapter 5.5.1 --- Acoustical Shadow by Podium --- p.140 / Chapter 5.5.2 --- Elevated Road Surface --- p.141 / Chapter 5.5.3 --- Acoustical Shadow by A Depressed Road Cut into a Hill --- p.143 / Chapter 5.5.4 --- Sudden Increase of Mean LA10 at High Levels at Belvedere Garden and Waterside Plaza --- p.144 / Chapter 5.6 --- Conclusion --- p.146 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Effect of Traffic Noise on Urban Population --- p.148 / Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.148 / Chapter 6.2 --- Diurnal Variation of LA10，LA90 and LAeq --- p.149 / Chapter 6.3 --- Comparison of Hourly Facade LA10 with Hong Kong Traffic Noise Guideline --- p.154 / Chapter 6.4 --- Comparison with 24-hour Noise Standards --- p.156 / Chapter 6.5 --- 24-hour Outdoor Noise Climate --- p.157 / Chapter 6.6 --- Outdoor-indoor Noise Attenuation --- p.163 / Chapter 6.6.1 --- "Outdoor-indoor Attenuation of LA10，LA90, LAeq and LAmax" --- p.163 / Chapter 6.6.2 --- "Outdoor-indoor Attenuation of LA10 - LA90, LA10 - LAeq and LAmax - LA90" --- p.165 / Chapter 6.7 --- Road Traffic Noise Related Sleep Disturbance --- p.167 / Chapter 6.7.1 --- Facade Noise Level --- p.167 / Chapter 6.7.2 --- Indoor Noise Level --- p.171 / Chapter 6.7.3 --- Noise Event Analysis --- p.176 / Chapter 6.7.4 --- Frequency Analysis of Noise Events --- p.182 / Chapter 6.8 --- Noise Emitters --- p.187 / Chapter 6.9 --- Conclusion --- p.193 / Chapter Chapter 7 --- Conclusion --- p.195 / Chapter 7.1 --- Major Findings --- p.195 / Chapter 7.2 --- Research Significance --- p.198 / Chapter 7.3 --- Limitation --- p.199 / Chapter 7.4 --- Implications for Traffic Noise Control Measures --- p.200 / Chapter 7.5 --- Areas for Future Research --- p.202 / Appendix - Roadnoise --- p.204 / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.204 / Chapter 2 --- "A Brief Overview of Roadnoise, DoE and CRTN88" --- p.204 / Chapter 3 --- The Input Variables --- p.205 / Chapter 4 --- The Calculation Procedure --- p.206 / Chapter 5 --- The Accuracy of CRTN88 --- p.206 / Chapter 5.1 --- General Accuracy of DoE and CRTN88 --- p.207 / Chapter 5.2 --- "The Accuracy of DoE when Wind, Barriers or Shielding is present" --- p.208 / References --- p.210

Healing and clinical work requires a complex choreography of architectural acoustic design in healthcare settings. In most healthcare settings, medical staff members conduct vital tasks that may have life-and-death implications. Patients visit the hospitals to heal. Their expectations include fast recovery, restful sleep, and privacy (i.e., speech privacy). However, sound environment qualities of the care settings often fall far from supporting the mission of hospitals. There is strong and growing evidence showing that effective soundscapes in healthcare settings potentially impact errors, healing and stress for patients, families and staff but it is still not clear what measures of the sound environment best predict key healthcare outcomes and what design strategies best impact those measures. By using a multi-method approach (i.e., objective and subjective noise level measurements, in-situ impulse response measurements, heuristic design analysis, theoretical studies, acoustic simulations and statistical analysis), this study aims to develop evidence based design strategies by statistically defining the relationships between three types of variables: (1) architectural floor-plate design metrics, (2) acoustic metrics, and (3) occupant response. The research is conducted in three phases. The first phase of the study compared the objective and subjective qualities of the hospital sound environments with different architectural designs, assessed the effectiveness of a newer acoustic metrics in capturing caregiver perceptions, and evaluated the impact of particular noise sources on caregiver outcomes. The second phase of the study tested the validity of an acoustic simulation tool in estimating the acoustic qualities of the healthcare soundscapes. The third phase of the study systematically explored the relationship between floor-plate design and acoustics of complex inter-connected nursing unit corridors. Even though the relationship between design and acoustics of proportional spaces (a.k.a. rooms with more traditional dimensions) has been well documented, the number of studies linking design and acoustics of complex non-proportional spaces such as inter-connected corridors still remains limited. The findings of the first phase show that critical care sound environments with different designs can vary drastically and impact caregivers` perceived wellbeing and task performance (e.g., patient auditory monitoring). Despite their extensive use, traditional noise metrics sometimes may not be effective in capturing unique characteristics of healthcare sound environments. This study validated the effectiveness of a new more detailed noise metric, "occurrence rate", in capturing the differences between acoustic characteristics of healthcare sound environments. Moreover, particular noise sources such as impulsive noises are likely to dominate the ICU sound environments and interfere with perceived caregiver health and performance. The findings of the second phase suggest the potential effectiveness of acoustic simulation tools (with hybrid prediction programs) in estimating the acoustic qualities of complex inter-connected hospital corridors. The findings of the third phase suggest the potential significant impact of design features of particular hallways (e.g., number of turns, corridor length, and number of branches) and overall floor-shape characteristics of inter-connected corridors (i.e., relative grid distance, and visual fragmentation) on reverberation time. Overall, in the units with shorter, more compact, fragmented corridors with multiple number of branching hallways, reverberation times are likely to be less. Moreover receivers located at the corridors with less number of turns from the sound source also potentially experience lower reverberation times. According to previous research, the human auditory system`s ability to monitor auditory cues is likely to be higher in the less reverberant sound environments.

The aim of master‘s project is to design a new building of the office building in the cadastre area of Rohatec. The project is divided into three parts. The first part deals with the design of environment friendly and sustainable building. The second part is focused on the design of building services and the processing of building energy services. The third part is focused on the modeling of the noise study, the assessment of the soundproofing of the external cladding and the assessment of the reverberation time.

O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o desempenho acústico de um sistema construtivo modular e industrializado por meio do método simplificado de campo indicado pelas normas ABNT NBR 15575-4:2013 e ISO 10052:2004, analisando as vedações verticais internas e externas quanto ao isolamento ao ruído aéreo e as comparando com análises já realizadas em outras edificações de trabalhos conhecidos. A indústria de construção civil, em todo o mundo, encontra-se em um momento dedicado à busca e implementação de estratégias de modernização do setor, a fim de se reduzir os custos e minimizar os desperdícios, investido em construções sustentáveis. Há uma necessidade de estudos baseados nos parâmetros da norma NBR 15575-4:2013 para a devida caracterização das tecnologias construtivas que surgem e ainda são consideradas novidade para o setor. A norma implica em uma série de exigências e recomendações, como por exemplo, o conforto acústico, que será abordado nesse trabalho. A metodologia utilizada foi baseada no método simplificado orientado pela ISO 10052:2004. Foram analisadas duas edificações de 40,0m2 cada. Uma delas é um sobrado, e a outra uma casa térrea. Foram feitas as medições de níveis de pressão sonora nos cômodos e nas fachadas, e as medições do tempo de reverberação dos cômodos. Depois de realizadas as medições foram feitas as análises pelo teste “t” de student. Em comparação com os padrões de outros países, percebeu-se que a norma ABNT NBR 15.575-4:2013 possui valores brandos, e que mesmo assim, as atuais técnicas construtivas brasileiras, em sua maior parte, não conseguem atingi-los. Através dos resultados encontrados, percebeu-se uma eficiência quanto ao isolamento ao ruído aéreo nas edificações modulares e industrializadas quando comparados às edificações de outras técnicas construtivas. Conclui-se, então, que o sobrado e a edificação térrea estão de acordo com os níveis de desempenho estabelecidos pelo norma ABNT NBR 15.575-4:2013. / The objective of this study is evaluate the modular and industrialized building system’s acoustic performance through the simplified field method indicated by ABNT NBR 15575-4:2013 and ISO 10052: 2004, analyzing the internal and external vertical seals for air noise insulation and comparing with previous analyzes in other approaches. The world construction industry is in a dedicated time to the pursuit and implementation of sector modernization strategies in order to reduce costs and minimize waste, invested in sustainable buildings. It’s is necessary studies based on the parameters of NBR 15575-4: 2013 for the proper characterization of building technologies that emerge and are still new to the sector. The standard implies a series of requirements and recommendations, such as the acoustic comfort, which will be addressed in this work. The methodology used was based on the simplified method guided by ISO 10052: 2004. Two buildings were analyzed, with 40,0m2 each. One of them is a two-story house, and the other is a ground floor building. Measurements of sound pressure levels were made in the rooms and on the frontages, and measurements of the reverberation time of rooms. After the measurements were made analyzes with test "t" student. Compared to the standards of other countries, it was realized that the ABNT NBR 15575-4: 2013 has soft values, and that even so, the current Brazilian construction techniques, for the most part, can not reach them. Through these results, it was noticed an efficiency about the isolation airnoise in modular and industrialized buildings compared to buildings of other construction techniques. It follows, then, that the floor and the ground floor building comply with the performance levels established by ABNT NBR 15575-4: 2013.