Despite many important advances since the “Bretton Woods” agreement, the state of Third World development remains extremely unsatisfactory. About a billion people live in extreme poverty and more than 800 million do not get adequate nutrition. Third World Debt looms large on the horizons of most underdeveloped nations and development continues to benefit the Third World elites, the developed nations, and their multinational corporations. The North-South divide continues to widen with very little “tricking down” to the poor majority in many nations. It is strongly believed that one-third of the world’s poor are getting poorer. The conventional approach to development theory and practice, focusing on economic growth, investment, trade and free markets continues to benefit developed nations. Even in nations where free trade and markets have spurred growth, the net results of globalization have not reached the majority. Globalization defined as the “economic, social, political and environmental integration of nations” creates some major imbalances in a world system increasingly based on liberal market economies. Ultimately, the IMF-WTO corporate globalization model has failed to deliver for developing countries, severely punishing those least capable of protecting themselves – the billions living on $ 400 million annually. Market access is only useful to countries at a stage of development that allows for their engagement in world markets, in a manner that promotes improved standards of living for their populations. The promise of market access is a distraction that has served to create a myth of prosperity. This research seeks to raise issues regarding the impact of globalization on North-South imbalances highlighting the crucial gaps in the globalization process. Initially, the research outlines the parameters and theories surrounding the globalization process and then progresses on to demonstrate the imbalances of the global system, highlighting the key areas of impact that adversely affect the development of Southern nations. Using India’s economic liberalization as a case in point, this thesis attempts to unveil the growing myth of prosperity that is being propagated in relation to the issues of globalization and the South. Finally, the thesis attempts to draw pertinent theoretical lessons that would contribute towards a better understanding of the effects of globalization on the South. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1311650 / Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of History and Politics, 2008

The privileges of integration with the global economy have led developing countries to embark on a path of liberalisation and globalisation. This resulted in rapid growth of inward and outward foreign direct investment from developing countries. In the last two decades there is an increasing trend of outward FDI from developing countries to both developed and developing countries. This dissertation focuses on exploring the literature on outward FDI from developing countries, and internationalisation process of developing country multinationals which are considered to be carriers to investment across international borders. The study has examined the two main strands of literature on outward FDI from developing countries – determinants of outward FDI and internationalisation process. Findings of the systematic review show that there is a dearth of studies in this area of research. Except a number of studies on China and countries of East and South East Asia, there is very limited evidence on outward FDI from developing countries. There is a set of studies on Africa that examine South-South investment flows. Studies on other major developing countries are either non-existent or lack in comprehensiveness. Some studies resulted in contradictory findings about the determinants of outward FDI. This raises the question of sensitivity of variables across geographical locations and time periods, which has not been researched before. Studies on outward FDI also do not make a clear distinction between South-South and South-North FDI flows. Other aspects like sovereign wealth funds and commodity price boom have been ignored in the literature. It is important to investigate outward FDI flows from the major developing economies because of its sheer scope to contribute to academic literature, its policy implications, and also because of its potential to bring development to some of the most impoverished parts of the world.

Despite many important advances since the “Bretton Woods” agreement, the state of Third World development remains extremely unsatisfactory. About a billion people live in extreme poverty and more than 800 million do not get adequate nutrition. Third World Debt looms large on the horizons of most underdeveloped nations and development continues to benefit the Third World elites, the developed nations, and their multinational corporations. The North-South divide continues to widen with very little “tricking down” to the poor majority in many nations. It is strongly believed that one-third of the world’s poor are getting poorer. The conventional approach to development theory and practice, focusing on economic growth, investment, trade and free markets continues to benefit developed nations. Even in nations where free trade and markets have spurred growth, the net results of globalization have not reached the majority. Globalization defined as the “economic, social, political and environmental integration of nations” creates some major imbalances in a world system increasingly based on liberal market economies. Ultimately, the IMF-WTO corporate globalization model has failed to deliver for developing countries, severely punishing those least capable of protecting themselves – the billions living on $ 400 million annually. Market access is only useful to countries at a stage of development that allows for their engagement in world markets, in a manner that promotes improved standards of living for their populations. The promise of market access is a distraction that has served to create a myth of prosperity. This research seeks to raise issues regarding the impact of globalization on North-South imbalances highlighting the crucial gaps in the globalization process. Initially, the research outlines the parameters and theories surrounding the globalization process and then progresses on to demonstrate the imbalances of the global system, highlighting the key areas of impact that adversely affect the development of Southern nations. Using India’s economic liberalization as a case in point, this thesis attempts to unveil the growing myth of prosperity that is being propagated in relation to the issues of globalization and the South. Finally, the thesis attempts to draw pertinent theoretical lessons that would contribute towards a better understanding of the effects of globalization on the South. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1311650 / Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of History and Politics, 2008

xx, 471 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / This dissertation examines the experiences of Filipina migrant domestic and care workers and the role of the state in the Global South-Global North transfer of reproductive labor. On the one hand, Western countries currently face a "care void" resulting from women's entry in the workforce, aging populations, and limited state support, among other factors. On the other hand, countries in the Global South have gone through decades of economic restructuring. This has resulted in the perpetuation of economic crisis, high unemployment rates, and massive out-migration. In the past two decades, these migration flows have become increasingly feminized. Women from the South move to semi-industrialized and industrialized countries and take jobs as domestic and care workers. Given this scenario, the overall question that guides my analysis is, how do states regulate the South-North transfer of reproductive labor? Particularly, how do the Philippine, Spanish, and U.S. governments shape this transfer through their migration and labor laws? How do Spain and the United States regulate the immigration and reproductive labor of Filipino women? And how do these two receiving countries of reproductive labor, resemble or differ from each other in all these tasks? My goal is to contribute to a growing scholarship that studies government regulation of female migration. I do this by examining Filipinas' out-migration, their arrival in the United States and Spain, and their labor as care givers and domestic workers in the San Francisco Bay Area and Barcelona. Although work on the intersection of gender and the state is growing, there is a need to further analyze the gender factors, components, and consequences of the regulation of migrant labor in the Philippines, the United States and Spain. The methods I use in this study include in-depth interviews with Filipino women, government employees and officials, and representatives from migrant workers' organizations, among other subjects, in the three countries. I also conduct participant observation in the three research sites and analyze multiple documents such as legislation, newspaper articles, and migrant workers' organizations newsletters. / Adviser: Linda Fuller

Pour un grand nombre de voyageurs français ou étrangers, l'Autoroute du Soleil évoque l'imaginaire du départ en vacances ou des retours vers les latitudes septentrionales. Mais elle est aussi l'occasion d'une expérience géographique originale, où la sensation du Midi approchant campe un horizon d'attente puissant. En sens inverse, le sentiment de laisser peu à peu derrière soi le monde méditerranéen finit par s'imposer. Voyageurs, cartes et récits qui décrivent l'axe Saône-Rhône esquissent une zone de contacts complexes entre la France du nord et celle du sud. A la fois banale (itinéraire connu, répété au fil des années pour certains) et exceptionnelle (au-delà des trajets quotidiens), l'Autoroute du Soleil suscite une expérience paradoxale : encore souvent décriée comme ennemie du pittoresque et des visions intimes des territoires, l'autoroute demeure pour des milliers de familles le seul mode d'approche de la rencontre entre le nord et le Midi de la France. Passée la sensation de monotonie si partagée, les usagers se mettent pourtant à décrire des paysages, des vues évocatrices d'ambiances nouvelles... Preuve que l'autoroute du Soleil est source de représentations géographiques. La vision du paysage, du territoire semble varier selon le bagage culturel, la provenance : à partir d'où l'automobiliste sent-il l'approche du Midi sur cette autoroute, à quel moment a t-il la sensation qu'il est derrière lui ? L'identification des seuils ressentis par les voyageurs est ensuite expliquée en entrant dans le paysage de l'autoroute, comparé à une pièce de théâtre (B.Boutefeu, 2007), avec ses « décors » déclinés comme des variations sur les mêmes motifs, mais aussi ses « scènes » rapprochées où les marques du changement doivent cohabiter avec d'autres initiatives. / Highway of the Sun means for many french or foreigner travelers the imagination of holiday's departure or return to northern latitude. But she means although an original experiment, as the sensation of approaching the South could be considered as a most important expectation. In opposite direction, the impression to leave the South behind tends to become an obvious fact. Travelers, maps and travel stories often describe Saône-Rhône corridor as countries of transition between the north and the south. Highway of the sun is at the time commonplace (the journey is familiar and repeated since many years for some travelers) and unusual (different from daily routes). Consequently the experiment of this highway is paradoxical: still considered at many times as opposite to beauty spots, highway of the Sun remains for many families the own way to notice the gathering between the north and the South. After the widespread opinion of dullness, travelers themselves easily describe landscapes and signs of a new atmosphere. All these facts show how the highway generates geographical representations. The approach of landscapes and territories tends to vary, according to culture, real-life experience and origin. From which place the automobilist perceives he enter the south on this highway? Conversely, where does he considerer he leaved the South? The lines of transition noticed by travelers will be explained by entering the highway?s landscape, which is compared to a play (B.Boutefeu, 2007) with sets, frontal scenes where signs of transition must come to terms with other actions.

In recent years, remittance flows as a part of economic and political competition has become an important issue in politics. Countries intend to increase money inflows by encouraging their citizens who live abroad to transfer their earnings back to their home countries. Today, since the influence of remittances on global economy is perceived to be very critical the remittance flows between countries are closely monitored by important political and economic actors. Sweden and Turkey are the two countries which have developed close relations on migration and remittances over the last fifty years and now Sweden passes through a transition period in terms of evolvement of the public opinion on immigration. This dissertation focuses on the analysis of remittance structure between Sweden and Turkey with a theoretical perspective in order to contribute to evaluation of immigration policies of the political parties in Sweden in light of remittances. The recent general election in Sweden resulted in favor of political parties which support more restricted immigration policies. Eventually, the dissertation aims to contribute with another economic aspect to the comparison on the perspectives of the political parties in Sweden towards immigration. Therefore, the results from the case study is used to verify whether the tendency of the public opinion in Sweden is meaningful. Briefly, in this study, the bilateral remittances between the two countries are examined per se considering views of mainstream theories on remittances and the results are evaluated with the recent political thoughts on immigration in Sweden. The results refers that the negative tendency of public opinion echoed by some political parties in Sweden towards immigration is not economically rational in the sense of remittances.