The purpose of having inclusive education is to value children with special needs so they can participate equally in all educational activities alongside their peers without special needs. There should not be any discrimination, segregation or isolation of these children with special needs from being educated rather they must be given an equal opportunity to participate alongside children without special needs. This study seeks to investigate primary school teachers' views and experiences in implementing the Inclusive Education Policy in regular schools. The study was conducted in five districts of the Enga Province of Papua New Guinea. Six primary schools were selected and involved 77 teachers who responded to questionnaire items, while 12 teachers within the group were chosen to be involved in interviews. Data for the study were gathered and analysed from the questionnaires, and the interview transcripts. The findings from the study revealed that most teachers supported the notion of Inclusive Education Policy and would like to implement it. However, they indicated that there needed to be a change in attitudes of teachers, peers, boards of management, and parents/caregivers to provide assistance for children with special needs. Most teachers felt that there needs to be more awareness of the principle and the importance of inclusion. Teachers' limited knowledge of teaching children with special needs was also highlighted. In this study teachers admitted they needed more training in the field of educating children with special education in order to accommodate and teach children with special needs. This shows that teachers' colleges and universities need to have trained lecturers to develop more courses in special education. Teachers expressed concern that school inspectors do not know enough about the inclusive education concept and need to be trained as well so collaboratively they could implement the policy. Government support is needed to effectively implement the inclusive education policy. This includes training of specialists to support teachers, funds for teaching and learning resources and facilities in schools. The cultural implications and geographical issues have also had some impact on the implementation of the Inclusive Education Policy, while the issue of children with HIV and AIDS was raised that teachers needed to be prepared in order to accommodate and teach those infected children. All these issues highlighted are very important and it is hoped that the outcome of the findings will provide the Department of Education with new strategies to improve and strengthen their commitment to implement Inclusive Education Policy.

Submitted by Edineia Teixeira (edineia.teixeira@unioeste.br) on 2018-02-19T17:59:09Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tiarles_Piaia2016.pdf: 2971296 bytes, checksum: 8fbd282392743c6920a09b63bf4ab82a (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-19T17:59:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tiarles_Piaia2016.pdf: 2971296 bytes, checksum: 8fbd282392743c6920a09b63bf4ab82a (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-19 / This research aims to understand the trajectory of implementation of the School of Basic Education in Special Education Mode in the context of special education policy of the State of Paraná, Brazil. To achieve this purpose, we proceed with a documental and bibliographic research. The bibliographic references subsidize the analysis of official documents in order to understand the historical and political context of the creation of such documents. To support this analysis, we relied on the Cultural Historical theory, especially in Vygotsky's studies of Special Education, which are in the collection Fundamentos da Defectologia (Fundamentals of Defectology) - Tomo V (1997). In SEED \ DEEIN, we collect data relating to such school implementation process in the municipalities of the state, which we have explored in the light of Bardin's content analysis technique (2011). We identified in this study that the implementation of the School of Basic Education in the Modality Special Education in Paraná State was given by divergences in the orientation of PNEEPEI (BRAZIL, 2008) and of the Decree No. 6571 \ 08 about the enrollment of all students in regular classes as well as the funding to schools by FUNDEB resources be linked to the same condition. Considering the above, was given, in this State, the creation of the Basic Education School in the Special Education Modality by work undertaken by FEAPAES \ PR, with the consent of SEED \ DEEIN and approval of the EEC. In addition to changes in the Special Education Schools designation for Basic Education Schools in Special Education Modality the Paraná State legislation assured this integration to the State System of Education offering schooling and ensuring certification to the students. But after three years of implementation, the proposal required a readjustment by the fact that students could not master the planned curriculum content, which would announce, at the end of 2014, large percentages of failure. Occurred then, in 2014, the administrative and pedagogical organization whose main feature was the adjustment in the student time spent in elementary school in a ten-year cycle. There is, then, that schooling and certification warranty are challenges still to be achieved because the pedagogical responses regarding the appropriation of academic content by the students has not given as efficiently as was the implementation of such school. / Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender a trajetória de implementação da Escola de Educação Básica na Modalidade Educação Especial no contexto da política de Educação Especial do Estado do Paraná. Para atingir tal proposta, procedemos de um estudo de natureza bibliográfica e documental. Os referenciais bibliográficos subsidiaram a análise dos documentos oficiais nacionais e estaduais no sentido de entendermos o contexto histórico e político da criação dos referidos documentos. Para sustentação de tal análise, apoiamo-nos na teoria Histórico - Cultural, especialmente nos estudos de Vigotski acerca da Educação Especial, os quais se encontram na coletânea Fundamentos da Defectologia - Tomo V (1997). Na SEED\DEEIN, coletamos dados referentes ao processo de implementação de tal escola nos municípios do Estado, que por nós foram explorados à luz da técnica de Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin (2011). Identificamos neste estudo que a implementação da Escola de Educação Básica na Modalidade Educação Especial no Estado do Paraná deu-se mediante divergências à orientação da PNEEPEI (BRASIL, 2008) e ao Decreto nº 6.571/08 quanto à matrícula de todos os alunos em turmas do ensino regular, assim como o financiamento às escolas, a partir dos recursos do FUNDEB, estar atrelado a essa mesma condição. Deu-se então, nesse Estado, a criação da Escola de Educação Básica na Modalidade Educação Especial mediante trabalho empreendido pela FEDAPAES\PR, com anuência da SEED\DEEIN e aprovação do CEE. Além de alteração na denominação de Escola de Educação Especial para Escola de Educação Básica na Modalidade Educação Especial a legislação paranaense garantiu a essa a integração ao Sistema Estadual de Ensino ofertando escolarização e garantindo certificação aos alunos. Porém passados três anos após a implementação, a proposta necessitou de readequação pela constatação de que os alunos não conseguiam dominar os conteúdos curriculares previstos, o que anunciaria, ao final de 2014, grande percentual de reprovação. Deu-se então no ano de 2014 a organização administrativa e pedagógica cuja característica principal foi a adequação no tempo de permanência do aluno no ensino fundamental em um ciclo de dez anos. Tem-se, desse modo, que a escolarização e a garantia de certificação são desafios ainda a serem alcançados pois as respostas pedagógicas no que tange à apropriação dos conteúdos acadêmicos por parte dos educandos não se deu de maneira tão eficiente quanto foi a implementação de tal escola.

The study is a two-part study that utilized the comparative method of content analysis and Policy Analysis of legal documents. Part one of the study compared special education policy documents of two systems; the Lagos State Special People’s Law and its Inclusive Education Policy to the United States’ Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA, 2004) to figure out how they compare for the sole purpose of mutual improvement and global competitiveness. Part two of the study is the policy analysis of the Lagos State policies that utilized the results and recommendations from the comparative document analysis (part one). This section of the study focused mainly on how the Lagos State special education documents could be improved using the IDEA of the United States as a model. It also offered alternatives that could be explored as well as recommendations that policymakers in Lagos State could use in order to improve the life outcomes of all children with disabilities in the State. The study addressed explicitly how the United States special education policies could inform the Lagos state policies and vice versa. The overarching purpose of the study was for mutual improvement that could influence special education policy revisions of both systems by respective stakeholders. The study concluded that there is a need for a special education-specific law in Lagos state that will be comparable to the IDEA of the United States so that children with disabilities in the state could become fully integrated into the system and be able to achieve their highest potentials. The study also offers directions for future research. / Special Education