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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Proposta de metodologia alternativa para controle de qualidade da aplicação estrutural do concreto projeto reforçado com fibras de aço. / Proposed alternative methodology for the quality control of the strctural application of steel fiber reinforced sprayed concrete.

Cesar Luiz Silva 27 October 2016 (has links)
O concreto é o material de construção mais utilizado no mundo apesar do seu comportamento frágil e sua baixa capacidade de resistir a esforços de tração. As fibras de aço podem ser adicionadas ao concreto para aumentar sua tenacidade resultando no concreto reforçado com fibras (CRF) que pode ser utilizado em muitas aplicações, incluindo o concreto projetado. Desta forma, os parâmetros de tenacidade e de resistência residual são fundamentais para a caracterização do concreto projetado reforçado com fibras de aço (CPRFA) e para seu controle de qualidade quando utilizado com função estrutural. Atualmente, o controle do comportamento pós-fissuração do CPRFA é realizado, fundamentalmente, através do ensaio de flexão de prismas. Isto demanda atividades bastante trabalhosas, desde a moldagem de placas extras e a extração de testemunhos prismáticos como a realização de ensaios que requerem muitos cuidados e, também, gera um volume maior de resíduos. A variabilidade dos resultados também é elevada, reduzindo o grau de confiabilidade do processo. Como as fibras são o material com menor nível de incorporação ao concreto devido ao efeito da reflexão, o controle do teor efetivamente incorporado ao CPRFA é um aspecto fundamental desta tecnologia. Atualmente, a estimativa deste teor de fibras é realizada por medições de massa do conteúdo de fibra obtido por esmagamento de corpos de prova endurecidos ou por lavagem de amostra de CPRFA em estado fresco, métodos considerados dispendiosos ou que consomem muita água. A fim de resolver alguns dos inconvenientes atuais, o presente estudo experimental foi realizado com o objetivo de se avaliar a utilização do ensaio Barcelona para classificar a resistência residual do CPRFA e compará-lo com o ensaio de flexão de prismas. Para a determinação do teor de fibras o método indutivo foi realizado nos mesmos corpos de prova. Nesse sentido, concretos projetados com diferentes teores de fibra foram analisados através dos métodos de ensaio referidos. Os resultados do ensaio Barcelona foram analisados estatisticamente e demostraram boa correlação com os resultados do ensaio de prismas e capacidade de caracterização do comportamento pós-fissuração do CPRFA. O ensaio indutivo permitiu a determinação do teor de fibras efetivamente incorporado ao concreto a partir dos mesmos corpos de prova usados no ensaio Barcelona, sem que houvesse a necessidade de extração de novas amostras. Este estudo apresentou, então, contribuições ao estabelecimento de programas de controle de qualidade do CPRFA, demonstrando a viabilidade da utilização conjunta do ensaio Barcelona e do método indutivo como ferramentas de caracterização e controle do CPRFA. A aplicação conjunta dos dois ensaios proporciona redução significativa em termos de tempo de trabalho e de resíduos processo de controle do material. / Concrete is the most used construction material in the world despite its fragility and low capacity to bear tensile stresses. Steel fibres may be added to the material in order to increase its toughness providing conditions to fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) to be used in many applications, such as sprayed concrete. Thus, the toughness and residual strength are key parameters for the characterization of the steel fiber reinforced sprayed concrete (SFRSC). So, both parameters are frequently used in the quality control program of SFRSC when applied as a structural material. Currently, the control of post-cracking behavior of SFRSC is carried out primarily through the bending test of prismatic specimens. This test procedure is quite laborious involving time demanding activities such as the molding of extra panels and the extraction of prismatic specimens, as well as, the test requires great care, generating a larger volume of waste. The variability of the results is also high, reducing the degree of process reliability. As the fibers are the material with lower incorporation into the concrete due to the effect of rebound, the determination of the fiber content incorporated into the SFRSC is a key aspect of this technological control. Currently, the estimation of the actual content of the fibers in SFRSC is carried out by mass measurements of the fibers extracted from crushing the hardened specimens or by washing fresh SFRSC samples. Both teste methods are considered expensive and consume high volumes of water. In order to solve some of the current drawbacks, the present experimental study was carried out to promote the assessment of the use of the Barcelona test to classify the residual strength of the SFRSC and to compare it with the prismatic specimens flexural test. To determine the fibre content the inductive test method was performed in the same specimens. In that sense, SFRSC was used to produce series of test panels varying the fibre content. Prismatic and cylindrical specimens were extracted from these test panels and submitted to the referred test methods. The results were statistically analysed and demonstrate a good correlation between flexural and Barcelona test results. The results confirm the ability of the Barcelona test to characterize the SFRSC post-cracking behavior. The inductive test, carried out in the same specimen of Barcelona test allowed the determination of actual fiber content to the concrete without the need of extra samples. This study presents, then, contributions to the quality control program for SFRSC and demonstrates the feasibility of using the Barcelona test and inductive method as tools for characterization and control for SFRSC. The combined application of the two tests provides a significant reduction in terms of labour time and waste generated during the quality control process.
2

Proposta de metodologia alternativa para controle de qualidade da aplicação estrutural do concreto projeto reforçado com fibras de aço. / Proposed alternative methodology for the quality control of the strctural application of steel fiber reinforced sprayed concrete.

Silva, Cesar Luiz 27 October 2016 (has links)
O concreto é o material de construção mais utilizado no mundo apesar do seu comportamento frágil e sua baixa capacidade de resistir a esforços de tração. As fibras de aço podem ser adicionadas ao concreto para aumentar sua tenacidade resultando no concreto reforçado com fibras (CRF) que pode ser utilizado em muitas aplicações, incluindo o concreto projetado. Desta forma, os parâmetros de tenacidade e de resistência residual são fundamentais para a caracterização do concreto projetado reforçado com fibras de aço (CPRFA) e para seu controle de qualidade quando utilizado com função estrutural. Atualmente, o controle do comportamento pós-fissuração do CPRFA é realizado, fundamentalmente, através do ensaio de flexão de prismas. Isto demanda atividades bastante trabalhosas, desde a moldagem de placas extras e a extração de testemunhos prismáticos como a realização de ensaios que requerem muitos cuidados e, também, gera um volume maior de resíduos. A variabilidade dos resultados também é elevada, reduzindo o grau de confiabilidade do processo. Como as fibras são o material com menor nível de incorporação ao concreto devido ao efeito da reflexão, o controle do teor efetivamente incorporado ao CPRFA é um aspecto fundamental desta tecnologia. Atualmente, a estimativa deste teor de fibras é realizada por medições de massa do conteúdo de fibra obtido por esmagamento de corpos de prova endurecidos ou por lavagem de amostra de CPRFA em estado fresco, métodos considerados dispendiosos ou que consomem muita água. A fim de resolver alguns dos inconvenientes atuais, o presente estudo experimental foi realizado com o objetivo de se avaliar a utilização do ensaio Barcelona para classificar a resistência residual do CPRFA e compará-lo com o ensaio de flexão de prismas. Para a determinação do teor de fibras o método indutivo foi realizado nos mesmos corpos de prova. Nesse sentido, concretos projetados com diferentes teores de fibra foram analisados através dos métodos de ensaio referidos. Os resultados do ensaio Barcelona foram analisados estatisticamente e demostraram boa correlação com os resultados do ensaio de prismas e capacidade de caracterização do comportamento pós-fissuração do CPRFA. O ensaio indutivo permitiu a determinação do teor de fibras efetivamente incorporado ao concreto a partir dos mesmos corpos de prova usados no ensaio Barcelona, sem que houvesse a necessidade de extração de novas amostras. Este estudo apresentou, então, contribuições ao estabelecimento de programas de controle de qualidade do CPRFA, demonstrando a viabilidade da utilização conjunta do ensaio Barcelona e do método indutivo como ferramentas de caracterização e controle do CPRFA. A aplicação conjunta dos dois ensaios proporciona redução significativa em termos de tempo de trabalho e de resíduos processo de controle do material. / Concrete is the most used construction material in the world despite its fragility and low capacity to bear tensile stresses. Steel fibres may be added to the material in order to increase its toughness providing conditions to fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) to be used in many applications, such as sprayed concrete. Thus, the toughness and residual strength are key parameters for the characterization of the steel fiber reinforced sprayed concrete (SFRSC). So, both parameters are frequently used in the quality control program of SFRSC when applied as a structural material. Currently, the control of post-cracking behavior of SFRSC is carried out primarily through the bending test of prismatic specimens. This test procedure is quite laborious involving time demanding activities such as the molding of extra panels and the extraction of prismatic specimens, as well as, the test requires great care, generating a larger volume of waste. The variability of the results is also high, reducing the degree of process reliability. As the fibers are the material with lower incorporation into the concrete due to the effect of rebound, the determination of the fiber content incorporated into the SFRSC is a key aspect of this technological control. Currently, the estimation of the actual content of the fibers in SFRSC is carried out by mass measurements of the fibers extracted from crushing the hardened specimens or by washing fresh SFRSC samples. Both teste methods are considered expensive and consume high volumes of water. In order to solve some of the current drawbacks, the present experimental study was carried out to promote the assessment of the use of the Barcelona test to classify the residual strength of the SFRSC and to compare it with the prismatic specimens flexural test. To determine the fibre content the inductive test method was performed in the same specimens. In that sense, SFRSC was used to produce series of test panels varying the fibre content. Prismatic and cylindrical specimens were extracted from these test panels and submitted to the referred test methods. The results were statistically analysed and demonstrate a good correlation between flexural and Barcelona test results. The results confirm the ability of the Barcelona test to characterize the SFRSC post-cracking behavior. The inductive test, carried out in the same specimen of Barcelona test allowed the determination of actual fiber content to the concrete without the need of extra samples. This study presents, then, contributions to the quality control program for SFRSC and demonstrates the feasibility of using the Barcelona test and inductive method as tools for characterization and control for SFRSC. The combined application of the two tests provides a significant reduction in terms of labour time and waste generated during the quality control process.
3

Vliv působení různých typů přísad do betonu na vlastnosti čerstvých a ztvrdlých stříkaných betonů. / DIFFERENT TYPES OF CONCRETE ADMIXTURES AND THEIR EFFECT ON PROPERTIES OF FRESH AND HARD SPRAYED CONCRETE

Hela, Vlastimil January 2012 (has links)
The current technology for sprayed concrete cannot do without various types of concrete admixtures allowing that more demanding requirements for quality and overall characteristics of Sprayed Concrete can be met. These are mainly concrete plastificators and set acceleration admixtures. In practice these technologies are employed especially in construction of underground structures where the working conditions are often very restricted. In these days Sprayed Concrete is usually applied by wet spraying where the fresh concrete is made in a batching plant and then transported to the construction site. That is why it is also important to pay attention to rheology characteristics of sprayed concrete. The concrete is then placed by a special spraying plant while it is ensured that all requirements and technical specifications for sprayed concrete are complied with. The characteristics are most affected by the admixtures - both plastificators and accelerators and their compatibility with cement. In order to acquire new evidence in the field of sprayed concrete technology and use of admixtures and their effect in relation with various types of cement a number of combinations of admixtures and cements were tested. Gradually results were obtained and recorded for rheology of cement mortars and concrete, for characteristics of young sprayed concrete mixes and for the comparison between the laboratory tests and findings from daily practice.
4

Concreto projetado como revestimento de túneis na Ferrovia Norte-Sul: análise segundo parâmetros de durabilidade / Shotcrete tunnel lining as the Railroad North-South: second analysis parameters durability

MENESES, Antônio Davi Barbosa de 24 September 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:18:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 antonio davi barbosa.pdf: 7758896 bytes, checksum: ca05d091a1db99ebc27e5221e6137f79 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-24 / The present work aims to analyse the durability parameters of the shotcrete, comparing the dry and wet projection systems, of the concrete resulting from the projection in plates and from the test specimens extracted from the tunnels structures of the North-South Railway, tract 01, in Anápolis-GO. This work considers an experimental research concerning the shotcrete behavior for dry-mix and wet-mix projection systems, by using testing indicators of the main durability parameters coming from national and international specifications. So, the experimental program involves a comparative assessment among the projection systems of current use in shotcrete, considering the comparative analysis between projected plates (control) and extracted test specimens from the tunnels on what refers to meeting the requirements related to durability. Therefore, the experimental program showed as independent variables: type of projection system (whether by means of dry-mix or wet-mix shotcrete) and the extraction of test specimen (from the control plates or from the tunnels structure). For each type of projection (dry-mix and wet-mix shotcrete), three plates were cast (normally used for concrete technological control) in conditions similar to the work-site, with the test specimens extraction been carried out according to pre-established ages. Eight test specimens were extracted from the just-builts tunnels generating thus samples to the durability associated tests, such as: capillary water absorption, immersion water absorption, concrete electric resistivity, water penetration under pressure, penetrability of chloride ions and concrete compressive strenght. Test specimens extracted from the tunnels and the from the plates were also submitted to testings of compressive strenght and mix-proportion reconstruction. The concrete extracted from tunnels showed worse results comparing to the parameters expected from the projected concrete requirements for road and rail tunnels, and it also demonstrated results which were inferior to the ones obtained from the plates. From a general assessment view, we could verify losses of durability properties of the shotcrete extracted from tunnels in reference to the projected plates. / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os parâmetros de durabilidade do concreto projetado, comparando os sistemas de projeção via seca e via úmida, dos concretos resultantes da projeção em placas e dos testemunhos extraídos das estruturas dos túneis da Ferrovia Norte-Sul, trecho 01, em Anápolis-GO. Este trabalho contempla um estudo experimental de análise do comportamento de concretos projetados por via seca e úmida, através de ensaios indicadores dos principais parâmetros de durabilidade, constantes das especificações nacionais e internacionais. O programa experimental envolve, portanto, a avaliação entre os sistemas de projeção de uso corrente em concreto projetado, considerando a análise comparativa entre as placas projetadas (de controle) e os testemunhos extraídos dos túneis, no que se refere ao atendimento aos requisitos relativos à durabilidade. Para tanto, o programa experimental teve como variáveis independentes: tipo de sistema de projeção (se por via seca ou por via úmida) e a extração dos corpos-de-prova de concreto (da placa ou do túnel). Para cada tipo de projeção (via seca e via úmida) foram moldadas três placas (normalmente utilizadas para os fins de controle tecnológico do concreto) em condições similares às da obra, tendo-se em seguida, nas idades preestabelecidas, executado-se a extração de corpos-de-prova. Foram também extraídos oito testemunhos dos túneis executados, gerando, assim, corpos-de-prova submetidos aos ensaios balizadores dos parâmetros de durabilidade adotados neste estudo, a saber: absorção de água por capilaridade, absorção por imersão e fervura, resistividade elétrica, penetração de água sob pressão, penetrabilidade de íons cloreto e resistência à compressão axial. Contribuíram também para a caracterização do material os corpos-de-prova extraídos dos túneis e das placas, que foram submetidos a ensaios de resistência à compressão axial e de reconstituição de traço. Os concretos extraídos dos túneis mostraram resultados abaixo dos parâmetros para os resultados esperados dos requisitos de concreto projetado para os túneis rodo-ferroviários, e ainda com resultados inferiores aos resultados obtidos das placas. Numa avaliação geral, constatou-se perdas de propriedades de durabilidade do concreto projetado extraídos dos túneis em referência aos das placas projetadas.
5

Podzemní garáže v Brně / The underground garage in Brno-City

Nováková, Zuzana January 2012 (has links)
The thesis focuses on the design of the underground garage in the centre of Brno under the Petrov hill. The main target of the thesis is to design spatial arrangement of the underground space and its feasibility study. In the following parts the design of the structural solution and its check calculation is carried out.
6

An experimental study of the validity of the round panel test method for shotcrete

El zain, Nadia January 2018 (has links)
Shotcrete (sprayed concrete) was used for the first time in 1914 and has become of  growing importance in stabilizing the excavated tunnel sections over the past century.  Even though the technology develops, there are some difficult tasks such as the design of a bolt anchored tunnel lining made of shotcrete. A proven and established design method does not exist today; instead the design of tunnel linings are based on trial and error or experience from similar projects. One method used today, to determine the actual structural behavior of fiber reinforced shotcrete, is the standard beam test method. Previous studies have shown that the beam method gives scattered results since the testing volume are relatively small and the fibers might be unevenly distributed.  In 1998, an alternative to determine the actual structural behavior of reinforced shotcrete was proposed, based on using round determinate panels. In 2004 this method became a part of the American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM, standards. The method has the potential of becoming a major, reliable test procedure that better reproduce the behavior of reinforced shotcrete in situ, compared to test beams. An experimental test series was performed to compare the different testing methods in terms of data variability and validity, in the laboratory of Vattenfall in Älvkarleby. The experiment was performed on 30 specimens in total, with five different concrete recipes. The difference in the recipe was the fiber and cement content. The round panels are designed according to ASTM C-1550 and the beams according to SS-EN14488-3. The results from the experiment is here presented and evaluated, and also including the data variability and validity for the proposed method. The two basic testing methods of using beams and round panels are investigated, compared and evaluated, and their advantages and disadvantages discussed. / Sprutbetong användes första gången år 1914 och har under det gångna århundradet blivit allt viktigare för att stabilisera utsprängda tunnelsektioner. Trots att tekniken utvecklas finns det svårigheter med att exempelvis utforma bultförankrade tunnelbeklädnader av sprutbetong. En beprövad och etablerad metod att konstruera sprutbetongbeklädnad existerar inte idag. Istället används erfarenhetsåterföring från tidigare projekt och/eller experimentella försök. En testmetod som används idag för att återskapa beteendet hos sprutbetong är balkförsök. Tidigare studier har däremot visat att resultaten från försöken oftast har stor spridning vilket kan bero på att brottytorna är små areor där fibrerna kan vara ojämnt fördelade vilket påverkar resultaten. År 1998 föreslogs en alternativ metod för att fastställa de mekaniska egenskaperna hos sprutbetong, baserat på användning av runda plattor. År 2004 blev denna metod en del av the American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM, standarder. Metoden har potential att bli en viktigt och tillförlitligt testmetod som mer realistiskt efterliknar beteendet hos fiberarmerad sprutbetong jämfört med balkprovning. En experimentell försöksserie har genomförts hos Vattenfall i Älvkarleby, för att jämföra de två metoderna med avseende på mätosäkerhet. Försöksserien är på totalt 30 prover, där fem olika betongrecept använts. Cementmängden och fiberhalten varierade mellan de olika recepten. De runda plattorna är utförda enligt ASTM C-1550 och balkarna enligt SS-EN14488-3. Resultaten från försöken har redovisats och utvärderats, och en mätosäkerhersanalys presenteras för metoden ASTM C-1550. Korrelationen mellan resultaten från de två metoderna är beräknad och varianskoefficienten presenteras. För- och nackdelar mellan båda testmetoderna diskuteras.
7

Stavebně technologický projekt bytového domu v Brně / Architectural and technological project of a residential building in Brno

Malaník, Jan January 2015 (has links)
The thesis contains analysis earthworks, foundations, carcass substructure of residential house on the street Kopečná 9 in Brno. The work also includes gradual changes in site equipment, detailed schedule of work for selected works, rough schedule of the whole building, construction budget, site equipment budget and details of construction. Specialization in the work addresses the specific use of roads and traffic signs.

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