This thesis is focused on examining the organisation Pionýr, which has a uniqe position among the organisations working with children and youth. It is a qualitative research, which analyses the functioning of the organisation Pionýr before 1989, its transformation into a civic association and status twenty years after renenewal of the independent Pionýr. Main topic is the transformation of the Pionýr organisation and how do the organisation leaders perceive it in interviews and documents. The thesis examines, if it is better to interpret the story of the Pionýr in the context of break in 1989 or rather in the context of continuity. In conclusion there are identified and analysed particular aspects of the break and the continuity.

Report of diploma work conducted at the Swedish Radiation Safety Authority (SSM) as part of the bachelors program in Nuclear Engineering at Uppsala University. All nuclear power plants in Sweden are obliged to report any deficiency in their barriers or the defense in depth in obedience to SSM’s regulations concerning safety in nuclear facilities. In addition, there is an international system for reporting such events. The purpose of this thesis is to study the Swedish report system and to analyze the differences between Swedish and international event reporting. In the Swedish system, SSM’s regulations are effectuated by means of event reports classified as category 1-3, designed individually at each Swedish facility. Accordingly, the reporting differs somewhat between facilities. The number of reports in the Swedish system is relatively large, with a frequency of about 400 per year. Internationally, a system called the International Reporting System for Operating Experience (IRS) has been developed, through which the participating countries exchange experience to improve the safety of nuclear power plants. The IRS reporting frequency is about 100 per year in total, and Sweden contributes to IRS with 1-2 reports per year. This report accounts for a comparison of the two report systems, including some differences and similarities that have been identified. The result shows that the Swedish system covers IRS well but does not have the same comprehensive classification of events and the same standardized format of reporting as the IRS system. The conclusion is that some improvements may be made to the Swedish system, which would facilitate the international exchange of experience at the Swedish nuclear power plants.

Electronically collected animal movement data has been analyzed either statistically or visually using generic geographical information systems. The area of statistical analysis in this field has made progress over the last decade. However, visualizing the movement and behavior remains an open research problem. We have designed and implemented an interactive visualization system, MarineVis, to visualize geospatial uncertainty in the trajectories of marine animals. Using MarineVis, researchers are able to access, analyze and visualize marine animal data and oceanographic data with a variety of approaches. In this thesis, we discuss the MarineVis design structure, rendering techniques, and other visualization techniques which are used by existing software such as IDV to which we compare and contrast the visualization features of our system. Finally, directions of future work related to MarineVis are proposed which will inspire others to further study the challenging but amazingly interesting and exciting research field of marine visualization. / Marine animal movement is a fundamental yet poorly understood process. One of the reasons is because our understanding of movement is affected by the measurement error during the observation and process noise. Differentiating real movement behavior from observation error in data remains difficult and challenging. Methods that acknowledge uncertainty in movement pathways when estimating constantly changing animal movement have been lacking until this time. However with the arrival of state-space models, this problem is partially solved as SSMs acknowledge this problem by allowing unobservable true states to be estimated from data observed with errors which arise from imprecise observations. State-space models use Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods which generate samples from a distribution by constructing a Markov Chain where the current state only depends on the immediately preceding state. The task of fitting SSMs to data is challenging and requires large computational effort and expertise in statistics. With the arrival of the WinBUGs software, this formidable task becomes relatively easy. Though using the WinBUGs software researchers try to visualize the tracks and behaviors, new problems appear. One of the problems is that when marine animals come back to certain places or animals' tracks cross each other several times, the tracks become cluttered and users are not able to understand the direction. Another problem of visualizing the confidence intervals generated using SSMs is that images generated using other systems are static in nature and therefore lack interactivity. Information becomes cluttered when too much data appear. Users are not able to differentiate tracks, confidence intervals or the information they would like to visualize. Acknowledging these, we have designed and implemented an interactive visualization system, MarineVis, where these problems are overcome. Using our system the confidence intervals generated using the SSMs, can be visualized more clearly and the direction of the turtle tracks can be understood easily. Our system does not occlude the underlying terrain as much because the glyphs are localized at the sample points rather than being spread out around the entire path. Our system encodes both direction and position rather than just position. Users can interactively limit the view of data points as a subset of available data points on a path, in clustered regions, to reduce congestion, and can animate the progression of the animal along its trajectory which is absent in existing approaches. All these results are visualized over NASA World Wind maps that facilitates the understanding of the tracks.

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Sculptured surface machining (SSM) is the end milling of sculptured surfaces with multi-axis machine tools. SSM consists of the tessellated model machining (TMM) and the parametric model machining (PMM). The former is gaining more and more attention over the past decade because it offers many advantages over the latter. New methods for various machining stages of TMM are proposed in this dissertation. First, in the 5-axis finish machining stage, a 3-dimension Configuration-space (3D C-space) machining method is presented. Next, in clean-up machining stage, an effective and creative approach is introduced. Finally, a complete TMM system is developed. The TMM system is developed with C++ on Windows platform. Benchmarks are used to test the methods proposed in this dissertation. The results show that methods are accurate and efficient.

Innovative materials with novel properties are in great demand for use in the criticalcomponents of emerging technologies, which promise to be more cost-effective and energyefficient.A controversial issue with regard to manufacturing complex industrial products isto develop advanced materials with optimised manufacturability in addition to the requiredmechanical and physical properties. The objective of this research study was to develop andoffer new solutions in material-processing-related issues in the field of mechanical andelectrical engineering. This was achieved by investigating the new opportunities affordedby a recently developed rheocasting method, RheoMetalTM process, with the goal of comingto an understanding of the critical factors for effective manufacturing process. A study of the evolution of microstructure at different stages of the rheocasting process,demonstrated the influence of multistage solidification on the microstructural characteristicsof the rheocast components. The microstructural investigation onquench slurry showed itconsists of the solute-lean coarse globular α-Al particles with uniform distribution ofalloying elements, suspended in the solute-rich liquid matrix. Such inhomogeneous slurryin the sleeve seems to play a critical role in the inhomogeneity of final microstructure. Inthe rheocast component, the separation of the liquid and solid parts of slurry during fillinginfluenced on the microstructural inhomogeneity. The relationship between the microstructural characteristics and properties of the rheocastcomponents was investigated. The study on the fracture surfaces of the tensile-testedspecimens showed that the mechanical properties strongly affected by microstructuralinhomogeneity, in particular macrosegregation in the form of near surface liquid segregationbands and subsurface porosity. The thermal conductivity measurement showed variation ofthis property throughout the rheocast component due to variations in the ratio of solute-leanglobular α-Al particles and fine solute α-Al particles. The result showed silicon in solidsolution have a strong influence (negative) on thermal conductivity and precipitation ofsilicon by heat treatment process increase the thermal conductivity. / RheoCom

Currently, a viable solution to provide multicast provision over a multiprotocol label switch with traffic engineering (MPLS-TE) domain is unavailable because of the missing link able to couple multicast traffic distribution with an MPLS-TE enabled network. This is due to the limited or less research investigation that was done in this area. Most of the investigation methods tackle the problem individually such as deploying internet protocol (IP) multicast in a plain network or MPLS domain but without considering a combination of both technologies that is aware of differentiated services requirements. This thesis presents an alternative solution for the multicast differentiated services provision problem over a MPLS-TE enabled network. The approach is exposed and analyzed through a practical solution that was developed within a network simulation environment. The research presented in this thesis orchestrates the already available technologies offered by the multicast protocols suite and differentiated services (DiffServ) aware MPLS-TE that allows applying separately the constraint-based routing and admission control to different classes of services. The novelty and solution of this thesis relies on using MPLS constraint-based routing concepts (e.g.traffic trunks) in order to solve TE issues revealed during multicast traffic distribution.

Currently, a viable solution to provide multicast provision over a multiprotocol label switch with traffic engineering (MPLS-TE) domain is unavailable because of the missing link able to couple multicast traffic distribution with an MPLS-TE enabled network. This is due to the limited or less research investigation that was done in this area. Most of the investigation methods tackle the problem individually such as deploying internet protocol (IP) multicast in a plain network or MPLS domain but without considering a combination of both technologies that is aware of differentiated services requirements. This thesis presents an alternative solution for the multicast differentiated services provision problem over a MPLS-TE enabled network. The approach is exposed and analyzed through a practical solution that was developed within a network simulation environment. The research presented in this thesis orchestrates the already available technologies offered by the multicast protocols suite and differentiated services (DiffServ) aware MPLS-TE that allows applying separately the constraint-based routing and admission control to different classes of services. The novelty and solution of this thesis relies on using MPLS constraint-based routing concepts (e.g.traffic trunks) in order to solve TE issues revealed during multicast traffic distribution.

Currently, a viable solution to provide multicast provision over a multiprotocol label switch with traffic engineering (MPLS-TE) domain is unavailable because of the missing link able to couple multicast traffic distribution with an MPLS-TE enabled network. This is due to the limited or less research investigation that was done in this area. Most of the investigation methods tackle the problem individually such as deploying internet protocol (IP) multicast in a plain network or MPLS domain but without considering a combination of both technologies that is aware of differentiated services requirements. This thesis presents an alternative solution for the multicast differentiated services provision problem over a MPLS-TE enabled network. The approach is exposed and analyzed through a practical solution that was developed within a network simulation environment. The research presented in this thesis orchestrates the already available technologies offered by the multicast protocols suite and differentiated services (DiffServ) aware MPLS-TE that allows applying separately the constraint-based routing and admission control to different classes of services. The novelty and solution of this thesis relies on using MPLS constraint-based routing concepts (e.g.traffic trunks) in order to solve TE issues revealed during multicast traffic distribution.