This thesis examines the concept of the state in the context of the Indus River Valley, located in northwest India and Pakistan. In the first section, I synthesize several popular trends in state discussion from both inside and outside of archaeological theory. I then apply my synthesized approach to state definition to the archaeological record from the Indus River Valley. The resulting work visits both the concept of the state and the rich cultural history of the Indus Civilization. I determine that there was a state in the Indus River Valley, but that the Indus state was very different from others scholars have identified in the archaeological record.

This thesis examines the concept of the state in the context of the Indus River Valley, located in northwest India and Pakistan. In the first section, I synthesize several popular trends in state discussion from both inside and outside of archaeological theory. I then apply my synthesized approach to state definition to the archaeological record from the Indus River Valley. The resulting work visits both the concept of the state and the rich cultural history of the Indus Civilization. I determine that there was a state in the Indus River Valley, but that the Indus state was very different from others scholars have identified in the archaeological record.

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Yes / This report provides a detailed overview of Renewal SA’s Works Program implemented as part of Playford Alive, a large scale urban renewal project representing a partnership between Renewal SA, the City of Playford, the Department for Communities and Social Inclusion (DCSI), Housing SA and the local community. It documents evidence generated by semi‐structured interviews with project staff and participants of the program. Renewal SA’s Works Program at Playford Alive requires private contractors and service providers to deliver either work experience and longer term placements or training to a number of local unemployed people as a condition of being awarded the contract.

<p>Theoretically, the role of higher education in national development has become clearer than before, while empirically the evidence is overwhelming. Elsewhere in the world, countries that have made tremendous strides in both social and economic development invested heavily and strategically in higher education. In Malawi, the role of higher education in national development has always been recognised by development policies since independence in 1964 <span style="mso-bidi-font-style:italic">However, with the exception of the first 15 years of independence, Malawi&rsquo / s development path has registered abysmal results both on the social and the economic fronts despite undergoing significant socio-economic and political reforms. Malawi remains one of the most underdeveloped countries whether judged by Gross National Product (GNP) per capita, the UNDP&rsquo / s Human Development Index (HDI) or the Human Poverty Index (HPI). One of the factors that is considered as having contributed to low levels of development is the performance of education systems (primary, secondary and higher education) (World Bank, 2009).</span>It is against this background that this study sought to examine how Malawi&rsquo / s higher education institutions (HEIs) have responded to their roles as prescribed by the national development policies with a focus on the period between 2000 and 2010. Four questions guided the study: i) what specific roles do national development policies define for HEIs to ensure that higher education contributes to national development? ii) To what extent are these roles performed by HEIs in Malawi? iii) What factors determine the performance of HEIs in their expected roles? iv) What pattern of response to their (HEIs&rsquo / ) expected roles can be identified? Theoretically and analytically, the study was informed by the two perspectives of the open systems theory, namely the resource-dependency approach and neo-institutional approach. These two approaches contend that actions by organisations are limited and influenced by various pressures and demands emanating from their internal and external environments and that organisations often respond accordingly in order to survive. Methodologically, the study employed a mixed-method design (of qualitative and quantitative) with a dominant usage of qualitative methods. A multiple case study approach was used in which data were collected through unstructured interviews, semi-structured interviews and documentary review. For qualitative data, the analysis was done using a text method while quantitative data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Microsoft Excel to provide simple descriptive analysis through charts, tables and graphs.<span style="mso-fareast-font-family:TimesNewRoman"> Overall, the study found that Malawi development policies expect HEIs to enhance access, equity, relevance, efficiency and quality of higher education as a way of ensuring that higher education contributes to the national development project. However, the study identified several patterns of response by HEIs (towards these expected roles) that tentatively explain the sub-optimal contribution of higher education in national development. These patterns of response include: inclination towards responding to the politically sensitive crises in the higher education system (for public HEIs) and profit-compatible roles (for private HEI) / use of sub-standard resources and methods antithetical to genuine teaching and learning / duplication by private HEIs of the &ldquo / soft&rdquo / roles being undertaken by public HEI / the abandonment of some of the HEIs&rsquo / original ideals and founding pledges, which are compatible with national development roles / and substitution of long-term coherent academic planning by short-term survival strategies. </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:18.0pt / mso-fareast-font-family:TimesNewRoman / mso-bidi-font-family:Arial / color:black / mso-fareast-language:EN-US / mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">The study presents a number of implications, lessons and recommendations in the area of higher education and development. These include: the need for the government to recognise the importance and impact of intra-sectoral linkages in the entire education system on the performance of HEIs / the need to enforce the effective participation of private and public HEIs in national developmental project by establishing a proper regulatory framework / the need to enhance regional and internal collaboration among universities if they are to effectively respond to national roles / the need to reduce marginalisation of HEIs by maximising efforts that create linkages with the productive sector / the need to devise a robust public financing mechanism that broadly deals with issues of equity, relevance, quality and access of higher education / and the need to match education investment priorities and sequencing with development policies</span></p> <p>&nbsp / </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify">&nbsp / </p> <p>&nbsp / </p>

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:21:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Walter Barbieri Junior.pdf: 2020620 bytes, checksum: 117bad0803b425249f01ca341e314817 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The Chinese expansion in world capitalism has provoked a great interest in China s role in the 21st century, especially in relation to the State role in the face of the so-called market forces. Within a millenary civilization, the Chinese nation State, formally created in 1912, has been built along a process that had two milestones: the revolution triumph in 1949, whose stated goal by the main leaders was the socialist transformation, first step for the construction of a classless society; and the Four Modernization Programs, implemented by the forces led by Deng Xiaoping from 1978 on. This thesis examines more specifically the role of the Chinese nation-State building as a foundation for the expansion in world capitalism in the last thirty-five years, following the post-World War II Maoist period. In this work the author searches for the understanding of how the national ideology pervades the process of contemporary Chinese State Constitution. In addition, this study examines this State intervention in economic development of that social formation and more particularly the possibility of hegemonic rise of China in world capitalism in the 21st century / A expansão chinesa no capitalismo mundial tem provocado um grande interesse pelo papel da China no século XXI, principalmente em relação ao protagonismo do Estado frente às chamadas forças do mercado. No interior de uma civilização milenar, o Estado-nação chinês, criado formalmente em 1912, constituiu-se ao longo de um processo que teve dois marcos principais: o triunfo da revolução, em 1949, cujo objetivo declarado pelas principais forças dirigentes era a transformação socialista, primeiro passo para a construção de uma sociedade sem classes; e o Programa das Quatro Modernizações, implementado pelas forças lideradas por Deng Xiaoping a partir de 1978. Esta tese analisa, mais especificamente, o papel da construção do Estado-nação chinês como alicerce para a expansão no capitalismo mundial nos últimos trinta e cinco anos, período superior temporal, ao do período maoísta do pós-Segunda Guerra Mundial. Aqui se procura compreender de que forma a ideologia nacional perpassa o processo de constituição do Estado chinês contemporâneo. Além disso, o estudo analisa a forma de intervenção deste Estado no desenvolvimento econômico daquela formação social e, mais especialmente, a possibilidade de ascensão hegemônica da China no capitalismo mundial no século XXI

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:55:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Walter Barbieri Junior.pdf: 2020620 bytes, checksum: 117bad0803b425249f01ca341e314817 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The Chinese expansion in world capitalism has provoked a great interest in China s role in the 21st century, especially in relation to the State role in the face of the so-called market forces. Within a millenary civilization, the Chinese nation State, formally created in 1912, has been built along a process that had two milestones: the revolution triumph in 1949, whose stated goal by the main leaders was the socialist transformation, first step for the construction of a classless society; and the Four Modernization Programs, implemented by the forces led by Deng Xiaoping from 1978 on. This thesis examines more specifically the role of the Chinese nation-State building as a foundation for the expansion in world capitalism in the last thirty-five years, following the post-World War II Maoist period. In this work the author searches for the understanding of how the national ideology pervades the process of contemporary Chinese State Constitution. In addition, this study examines this State intervention in economic development of that social formation and more particularly the possibility of hegemonic rise of China in world capitalism in the 21st century / A expansão chinesa no capitalismo mundial tem provocado um grande interesse pelo papel da China no século XXI, principalmente em relação ao protagonismo do Estado frente às chamadas forças do mercado. No interior de uma civilização milenar, o Estado-nação chinês, criado formalmente em 1912, constituiu-se ao longo de um processo que teve dois marcos principais: o triunfo da revolução, em 1949, cujo objetivo declarado pelas principais forças dirigentes era a transformação socialista, primeiro passo para a construção de uma sociedade sem classes; e o Programa das Quatro Modernizações, implementado pelas forças lideradas por Deng Xiaoping a partir de 1978. Esta tese analisa, mais especificamente, o papel da construção do Estado-nação chinês como alicerce para a expansão no capitalismo mundial nos últimos trinta e cinco anos, período superior temporal, ao do período maoísta do pós-Segunda Guerra Mundial. Aqui se procura compreender de que forma a ideologia nacional perpassa o processo de constituição do Estado chinês contemporâneo. Além disso, o estudo analisa a forma de intervenção deste Estado no desenvolvimento econômico daquela formação social e, mais especialmente, a possibilidade de ascensão hegemônica da China no capitalismo mundial no século XXI