Thèse d'exercice : Chirurgie dentaire : Université de Nantes : 2007. / Bibliogr.

In my thesis I deal with the quality and condition of horse teeth in the Czech Republic. To evaluate my thesis I received the necessary data from treatment by dental technician. While working on my work 69 horses were judged. I focused on the incidence of the most common defects of horse's teeth, the influence of factors such as type of housing, work load, frequency of treatment on quality of horse teeth and dental health. Furthermore, I concentrated on the frequency of occurrence of canines with mares, influence of tooth quality on the nutritional state of horses, most often treated breed, sex and average age of treated horses. Last monitored features were horses manner during the entire treatment process. The data was statistically analyzed and described. I divided horses into 5 groups by the quality and condition of their teeth. We treated horses with average age 13,4 years. Most treated horses were Czech warmbloods and sex was the most represented by geldings. Teeth in good quality wre found in overwhelming majority of monitored horse, preferably the horses stabled in boxes. Most horses have been treated their teeth by grinding regalularly every year. The horses were optimum nutritional condition, regardless of the quality and condition of the teeth. The most frequent defect of equine teeth was the presence of wolf teeth and creating dental hooks. Data in bibliography concerning frequency of occurence of canines with monitored mares were verifed and mostly the whole process of treatment went off without any problems.

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Doctorat en sciences médicales / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Regular development of our teeth is the result of reciprocal induction processes with continual development stages. The non-interrupted development of the organism is the basic precondition of healthy dental tissues. It is, therefore, necessary to be aware of the fact that everybody takes on full responsibility for their own health. If we want to have clean and healthy teeth without tooth ache, oulitis and other problems we must take proper dental care. Tooth decay is the most widespread disease affecting the humankind from of old and proper dental care is, therefore, very important. Deteriorating dental tissues result in tooth decay and have various speed and intensity. Tooth decay affects tooth enamel, get to dental pulp and consequently may cause neuritis the result of which is prolonged pain. In the worst case, abscess may appear. The consequences may become the source of protracted disorders of permanent teeth development. Stomatologists can introduce to us the basics of proper dental care. The first visit at the dentist is recommended before a problem appears. If some problems occur it is necessary to visit the dentist sooner, then the regular preventive exams follow. At least twice a year, we should undergo preventive checkups. Regular monitoring of dental health is important especially for the early identification of undesirable changes in our teeth and gums. Relationship between the dentist and child is also very important. Factors that are important for the prevention of teeth damage are motivation, suitable diet, physical condition, physical education, regular mouth hygiene performed with the use of chemical and mechanical applications. Using of fluoride, changes in life style, suitable eating habits and hygiene habits are also important. If a person develops bad eating habits at a young age the risk tooth decay is becoming more probable. Unhealthy nutrition causes metabolism disorders that result in the increased occurrence of tooth decay and mucosa disease in oral cavity. The nutrition composition is important also for the mineralization and development of hard adenoblasts. Not balanced nutrition leads to the poor development of man and, therefore, to the easier occurrence of the tooth decay. Most serious problems are caused by sugars as bacteria use it as a source, and acids as the subsequent products diminish tooth enamel, dentine or dental pulp. Alcohol, drugs and smoking are counted among other risk factors with negative influence on dentition. Eating disorders are the opposite of healthy and correct eating habits. They are often encountered in diseases connected mainly with lack of appetite. The excessive intake of food occurs especially in obese children. Strengthening of dental tissues resistance, supporting the mineralization process and protection against the bacteria creation is supported by fluorine. For the healthy development of tissues the intake of calcium, phosphor, proteins, minerals and vitamins is important. A very important part of the rational nutrition represent milk and cheese. Pregnant women and nursing mothers especially should follow an appropriate diet. Apart from others consequences, the nutrition structure influences the composition and amount of saliva. Chewing of gum that increases the production of saliva serves also to the teeth cleaning and balances the mouth pH. Chewing can even be better than tooth brushing with toothpaste. Teeth are the symbol of energy and vital force. Poor teeth show lack of immunity and represent the sign of lowering vitality.

Les biomatériaux insérés dans la cavité orale, tout particulièrement les prothèses dentaires amovibles en résine, constituent des surfaces propices à la formation de biofilms incorporant des levures du genre Candida, à l’origine de candidose. Les levures, comme d’autres micro-organismes, adaptent leur prolifération à l’environnement par des molécules dites du quorum sensing. D’autre part, la contamination du milieu oral est contrôlée par de nombreuses protéines sécrétées par les glandes salivaires, mais leur utilisation en hygiène est peu documentée. Le but de ce travail est d’étudier l’effet anti-biofilm de molécules du quorum sensing et de protéines exocrines, le lysozyme et la lactoperoxydase, dans la perspective de réduire la colonisation des surfaces de prothèses dentaires par des levures du genre Candida et par conséquent de prévenir une stomatite prothétique. A cette fin, des biofilms à Candida ont été produits dans des plaques multi-puits à fond plat en polystyrène et quantifiés par coloration au cristal violet. L’effet de deux molécules du quorum sensing - tyrosol et farnésol - sur la formation des biofilms à Candida a été investigué in vitro sur la souche de référence ATCC 10231 et sur des souches cliniques isolées à partir de prothèses dentaires. Le tyrosol et le farnésol à hautes concentrations (> 6 mM et > 1 mM respectivement) entraînent une limitation de la formation de biofilms sans altérer la croissance fongique tandis que des concentrations plus faibles (~ 1 mM et ~ 1 µM respectivement) favorisent la formation de biofilms. Le lysozyme présente aussi un effet dépendant de la dose sur la formation de biofilms par Candida: promoteur de la formation de biofilms à une concentration de 1000 µg/ml et inhibiteur de la formation de biofilms à des concentrations plus faibles (3 et 10 µg/ml). Les composés hypohalogéneux (> 500 µM) produits par un système peroxydase limitent la croissance des levures et par conséquent leur capacité à former des biofilms in vitro. Un seul trempage ex vivo de prothèses amovibles pendant 5 minutes dans une solution d’ions hypohalogéneux (2000 µM) entraîne une diminution d’au moins 1 unité logarithmique du nombre de Candida dans 58,3 % des cas (N = 23) alors qu’un trempage dans de l’eau n’a aucun effet sur la colonisation de la prothèse :cet effet est statistiquement significatif (Chi carré, p = 0,0006, test de Fisher, p = 0,0009). / Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques (Médecine) / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

The diploma thesis focuses on doing business in dentistry in the UK on the expamle of an unnamed dental practice, which currently consists of three dental practices. The aim of the thesis is to map and describe the characteristic of operating dental practices in the UK. Using available literature, the first part defines theoretical principles of doing business with emphasis on the specifics of dentistry and the region of the UK. This part is followed by the practical part, which puts these principles into practice and describes how the activities and processes are performed in the dental practices from the point of setting out the business by Dr. Jane Smith to their performance today. In order to write the thesis internal data from dental practices were used with addition of information obtained from the owner and a manager of the company.

The topic of this thesis is design of a panoramic X-ray. The main contribution is a new view on ergonomics of operator and a possibility of seating for patient. The aim is to create a device with innovative seating incorporated into the supporting leg of the machine, and to improve an ergonomics of machine manipulation. But it is also necessary to maintain all the technical, ergonomic, aesthetic and environmental requirements. The final draft should be able compete with existing products on the market.

The morphology of the craniofacial complex is prone to alterations resulting from a wide range of external factors. In the first part of the presented thesis, we analysed the influence of slow long- term changes of the environment and population genome by comparing historical (11-12th century AD) and contemporary skulls using cephalometric X-ray images. The second part focuses on the effects of orthodontic treatment on bone thickness in relevant areas, with the analysis being based on Cone Beam computed tomography. A comparison of the palatal angle of 115 historical and 75 contemporary skulls revealed a statistically significant decrease of this parameter. The follow-up of 58 patients utilizing three- dimensional diagnostic imaging measurements before and after treatment revealed a statistically significant decrease in vestibular bone thickness, without changes of total alveolar width. Our analysis revealed a substantial bone response to respective forces, with relevant clinical implications - respecting the anatomical limits of the range of motion is essential to achieve therapeutic success and to avoid alveolar defects. Keywords: 3D imaging, CBCT, cephalometry, orthodontics, dentistry

Work Orthodontic tooth defects at elementary tries through a questionnaire survey on selected basic school in Kladno to detect and identify the main orthodontic dental problems among older pupils, barriers to possible improvements and potential solutions. The topic of thesis and falls into an increasingly topical issue of children's dental health, which devotes many experts and research worldwide. The pivotal part based on the information obtained during the survey of students, parents and orthodontists in the extra work completed with valuable insights and suggestions addressed dentists and dental hygienists. The text has also focused on the role and effectiveness of preventive school programs, as well as theoretical and professional aspect of the topic, when most attention is devoted to the actual anatomy of the teeth, bite disorders, orthodontic apparatuses and their maintenance in dental hygiene. KEY WORDS Anatomy of the tooth, bite disorders, orthodontic appliances, dentistry, dental hygiene