Linda Hogan é uma autora Chickasaw cuja extensa obra inclui romances, contos, poesia, drama e ensaios. Da mesma forma, ela é uma ambientalista cujo ativismo se baseia em uma compreensão Nativo-Americano da natureza e das relações entre os seres humanos e não-humanos. Focando em dois de seus romances, Solar Storms (1995) e Power (1998), a presente dissertação explora os processos de cura de suas protagonistas, Angela e Omishto, respectivamente. Em ambos romances, as personagens se engajam em um movimento de abandono do modo de ser Euro-americano – um modo de ser fortemente orientado pela ideologia do Destino Manifesto –, em direção a um reencontro com sua ancestralidade nativa e a uma apreensão tribal da vida e do mundo. Especificamente, esse trabalho explora o gradual engajamento das personagens no que a autora Laguna Paula Gunn Allen (1992) define como um senso de tempo cerimonial – a ceremonial time sense: uma experiência temporal particular que engendra uma integração psíquica, e se opõe à experiência cronológica e mecânica do tempo, a qual produz fragmentação no sentido de fortalecer a sensação de separação entre tempo e espaço, pessoa e lugar, natureza e cultura. Esse trabalho analisa como o movimento das personagens em direção a um rico autorreconhecimento enquanto indígenas (OWENS, 1994) representa um movimento de abertura aos fluxos do mundo, bem como um processo de dissolução de categorias fortemente enraizadas, tais quais sujeito e objeto, eu interno e mundo externo. Além disso, a presente dissertação examina de que forma um senso de tempo cerimonial se conecta à noção de sacred hoop (Plains tribes) – uma unidade abrangente que abarca a existência como um todo, e na qual todos os movimentos estão conectados e se relacionam entre si. / Linda Hogan is a Chickasaw author whose extensive work includes novels, short stories, plays, poetry, and essays. She is also an environmentalist whose activism is built upon a Native understanding of nature and the relations between human and nonhuman beings. This thesis focuses on two of her novels, Solar Storms (1995) and Power (1998), and explores the healing processes of their protagonists, Angela and Omishto, respectively. In both novels, the characters engage in a movement of abandoning a mainstream American way of being – a way of being highly informed by the ideology of Manifest Destiny – toward a reconnection with their Native ancestry and a tribal apprehension of life and the world. Specifically, this work explores the characters’ gradual engagement in what Laguna author Paula Gunn Allen (1992) defines as a ceremonial time sense, a particular experience of time that engenders a psychic integration, as opposed to a mechanical, clock-based time sense, which generates fragmentation and enhances a separation between time and space, person and place, nature and culture. This work explores how the characters’ movement toward a rich self-recognition as Indians (OWENS, 1994) represents a movement of opening to the motions of the lifeworld, as well as the dissolution of deep-rooted categories such as subject and object, internal self and external world. Furthermore, this thesis examines how a ceremonial time sense is connected to the Plains tribes’ conception of a sacred hoop – an all-encompassing unity that contains the whole of existence, and in which all movement is related to all other movement.

Thesis (M.E.S.)--The Evergreen State College, 2007. / Title from title screen viewed (1/17/2008). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 67-68).

Linda Hogan é uma autora Chickasaw cuja extensa obra inclui romances, contos, poesia, drama e ensaios. Da mesma forma, ela é uma ambientalista cujo ativismo se baseia em uma compreensão Nativo-Americano da natureza e das relações entre os seres humanos e não-humanos. Focando em dois de seus romances, Solar Storms (1995) e Power (1998), a presente dissertação explora os processos de cura de suas protagonistas, Angela e Omishto, respectivamente. Em ambos romances, as personagens se engajam em um movimento de abandono do modo de ser Euro-americano – um modo de ser fortemente orientado pela ideologia do Destino Manifesto –, em direção a um reencontro com sua ancestralidade nativa e a uma apreensão tribal da vida e do mundo. Especificamente, esse trabalho explora o gradual engajamento das personagens no que a autora Laguna Paula Gunn Allen (1992) define como um senso de tempo cerimonial – a ceremonial time sense: uma experiência temporal particular que engendra uma integração psíquica, e se opõe à experiência cronológica e mecânica do tempo, a qual produz fragmentação no sentido de fortalecer a sensação de separação entre tempo e espaço, pessoa e lugar, natureza e cultura. Esse trabalho analisa como o movimento das personagens em direção a um rico autorreconhecimento enquanto indígenas (OWENS, 1994) representa um movimento de abertura aos fluxos do mundo, bem como um processo de dissolução de categorias fortemente enraizadas, tais quais sujeito e objeto, eu interno e mundo externo. Além disso, a presente dissertação examina de que forma um senso de tempo cerimonial se conecta à noção de sacred hoop (Plains tribes) – uma unidade abrangente que abarca a existência como um todo, e na qual todos os movimentos estão conectados e se relacionam entre si. / Linda Hogan is a Chickasaw author whose extensive work includes novels, short stories, plays, poetry, and essays. She is also an environmentalist whose activism is built upon a Native understanding of nature and the relations between human and nonhuman beings. This thesis focuses on two of her novels, Solar Storms (1995) and Power (1998), and explores the healing processes of their protagonists, Angela and Omishto, respectively. In both novels, the characters engage in a movement of abandoning a mainstream American way of being – a way of being highly informed by the ideology of Manifest Destiny – toward a reconnection with their Native ancestry and a tribal apprehension of life and the world. Specifically, this work explores the characters’ gradual engagement in what Laguna author Paula Gunn Allen (1992) defines as a ceremonial time sense, a particular experience of time that engenders a psychic integration, as opposed to a mechanical, clock-based time sense, which generates fragmentation and enhances a separation between time and space, person and place, nature and culture. This work explores how the characters’ movement toward a rich self-recognition as Indians (OWENS, 1994) represents a movement of opening to the motions of the lifeworld, as well as the dissolution of deep-rooted categories such as subject and object, internal self and external world. Furthermore, this thesis examines how a ceremonial time sense is connected to the Plains tribes’ conception of a sacred hoop – an all-encompassing unity that contains the whole of existence, and in which all movement is related to all other movement.

Linda Hogan é uma autora Chickasaw cuja extensa obra inclui romances, contos, poesia, drama e ensaios. Da mesma forma, ela é uma ambientalista cujo ativismo se baseia em uma compreensão Nativo-Americano da natureza e das relações entre os seres humanos e não-humanos. Focando em dois de seus romances, Solar Storms (1995) e Power (1998), a presente dissertação explora os processos de cura de suas protagonistas, Angela e Omishto, respectivamente. Em ambos romances, as personagens se engajam em um movimento de abandono do modo de ser Euro-americano – um modo de ser fortemente orientado pela ideologia do Destino Manifesto –, em direção a um reencontro com sua ancestralidade nativa e a uma apreensão tribal da vida e do mundo. Especificamente, esse trabalho explora o gradual engajamento das personagens no que a autora Laguna Paula Gunn Allen (1992) define como um senso de tempo cerimonial – a ceremonial time sense: uma experiência temporal particular que engendra uma integração psíquica, e se opõe à experiência cronológica e mecânica do tempo, a qual produz fragmentação no sentido de fortalecer a sensação de separação entre tempo e espaço, pessoa e lugar, natureza e cultura. Esse trabalho analisa como o movimento das personagens em direção a um rico autorreconhecimento enquanto indígenas (OWENS, 1994) representa um movimento de abertura aos fluxos do mundo, bem como um processo de dissolução de categorias fortemente enraizadas, tais quais sujeito e objeto, eu interno e mundo externo. Além disso, a presente dissertação examina de que forma um senso de tempo cerimonial se conecta à noção de sacred hoop (Plains tribes) – uma unidade abrangente que abarca a existência como um todo, e na qual todos os movimentos estão conectados e se relacionam entre si. / Linda Hogan is a Chickasaw author whose extensive work includes novels, short stories, plays, poetry, and essays. She is also an environmentalist whose activism is built upon a Native understanding of nature and the relations between human and nonhuman beings. This thesis focuses on two of her novels, Solar Storms (1995) and Power (1998), and explores the healing processes of their protagonists, Angela and Omishto, respectively. In both novels, the characters engage in a movement of abandoning a mainstream American way of being – a way of being highly informed by the ideology of Manifest Destiny – toward a reconnection with their Native ancestry and a tribal apprehension of life and the world. Specifically, this work explores the characters’ gradual engagement in what Laguna author Paula Gunn Allen (1992) defines as a ceremonial time sense, a particular experience of time that engenders a psychic integration, as opposed to a mechanical, clock-based time sense, which generates fragmentation and enhances a separation between time and space, person and place, nature and culture. This work explores how the characters’ movement toward a rich self-recognition as Indians (OWENS, 1994) represents a movement of opening to the motions of the lifeworld, as well as the dissolution of deep-rooted categories such as subject and object, internal self and external world. Furthermore, this thesis examines how a ceremonial time sense is connected to the Plains tribes’ conception of a sacred hoop – an all-encompassing unity that contains the whole of existence, and in which all movement is related to all other movement.

The relationship between specific synoptic and mesoscale snowfall producing system types and their associated mean upper-level flow patterns are examined to determine their impacts on snowfall magnitudes in central Indiana. Chi-square and ANOVA tests are conducted to determine the relationship of the 850mb temperature, the 1000-500mb thickness, 500mb flow pattern, and phase of the Southern Oscillation Index to snowfall amounts for the period of record 1974-2003. Results suggest that variables such as the 1000-500mb thickness, system type, and phase of the Southern Oscillation Index do affect the magnitude of snowfall in central Indiana on a variety of temporal scales ranging from days to entire seasons. / Department of Geography

Almost one-half of the annual precipitation in the southwestern United States occurs during the North American monsoon (NAM). Given favorable synoptic-scale conditions, organized monsoon thunderstorms may affect relatively large geographic areas. Through an objective analysis of atmospheric reanalysis and observational data, the dominant synoptic patterns associated with NAM extreme events are determined for the period from 1993 to 2010. Thermodynamically favorable extreme-weather-event days are selected on the basis of atmospheric instability and precipitable water vapor from Tucson, Arizona, rawinsonde data. The atmospheric circulation patterns at 500 hPa associated with the extreme events are objectively characterized using principal component analysis. The first two dominant modes of 500-hPa geopotential-height anomalies of the severe-weather-event days correspond to type-I and type-II severe-weather-event patterns previously subjectively identified by Maddox et al. These patterns reflect a positioning of the monsoon ridge to the north and east or north and west, respectively, from its position in the "Four Corners" region during the period of the climatological maximum of monsoon precipitation from mid-July to mid-August. An hourly radar gauge precipitation product shows evidence of organized, westward-propagating convection in Arizona during the type-I and type-II severe weather events. This new methodological approach for objectively identifying severe weather events may be easily adapted to inform operational forecasting or analysis of gridded climate data.

This thesis discusses the occurrence and evolution of natural disasters in the world and in the Czech republic. More detail it deals with floods in the Czech republic, the causes of their formation, climate changes and especially tools of coverage the damage caused by them on property of individuals. In addition to prevention, commercial insurance, public and private sources are also considered the instruments of capital market. The interest is focused on barriers of commercial insurance that reduce the level of insurance protection. Finally, this work deals also with storms in the Czech republic.

A região amazônica desempenha papel fundamental na regulação do clima, tanto em escala regional quanto em escala global. A precipitação na região é bastante heterogênea, sobretudo devido à vasta extensão territorial da Amazônia. Dentre os sistemas responsáveis pela precipitação, alguns se destacam como eventos extremos de tempestades, como pode ser verificado em diversos estudos anteriores. Contudo, diferentemente das latitudes médias, na região tropical não há um conjunto de definições amplamente conhecido e difundido para identificação de tempo severo. O presente estudo busca identificar um critério para identificação de tempo severo na região amazônica a partir da base de dados Precipitation Features (PF) 1998 a 2012 - gerados e armazenados pela Universidade de Utah, com base nos dados do satélite TRMM. Além disso, identificar características sinóticas associadas ao ambiente de ocorrência destes eventos, através de composições com dados da reanálise CFSR-NCEP, bem como parâmetros importantes na identificação de tempestades. Utilizando o subconjunto PCTF do Nível 2 da base de dados PF, o critério estabelecido para identificação de casos severos compreende sistemas com: 80 pixels ou mais PCT85 GHz <250 K; 1 pixel ou mais com PCT85 GHz < 100 K; volume de chuva convectiva maior do que 1000 mm/h km2 e pelo menos um registro de raio. Comparando os sistemas selecionados pelo critério com os Sistemas Convectivos de Mesoescala já catalogados é possível notar que a distribuição sazonal é semelhante, embora as estações com maior número de casos sejam as estações de transição (primavera e outono, 429 e 223 casos respectivamente). Analisando as altas taxas de raios destes sistemas, fica evidente que o critério realmente seleciona casos severos. Com a região amazônica dividida em seis sub-regiões e os casos acumulados por trimestre (JFM, AMJ, JAS, OND) sub-região Southern Amazonia (SA) contabiliza o maior número de casos, com um total de 271 para o período do estudo, sendo OND o trimestre com maior ocorrência (135), o menor AMJ (29). O mês de outubro chama atenção para esta sub-região como o mês com maior número de casos, totalizando 59, dos quais 83% ocorrem a partir das 12 horas local. Estes casos foram investigados nas composições de reanálise, assim como os casos a partir de 12 horas local de outubro da sub-região Central Amazonia (CA). De forma geral: 1) SA tem maior área com cisalhamento médio mais intenso (8 m/s) do que CA, principalmente para 00Z, 06Z e 12Z; 2) valores médios de divergência positiva do vento em 200 hPa mostram-se mais significativos para CA do que para SA; 3) convergência do vento em 950 hPa é mais evidente para SA do que para CA e 4) CA é predominantemente mais úmida em baixos níveis do que SA. Histogramas com valores pontuais para cada um destes casos, em ambas as sub-regiões, são apresentados no intuito de auxiliar a identificação destes casos por previsores. O critério de identificação de tempo severo na Amazônia mostra-se eficiente, sendo o cisalhamento do vento entre 500-850 hPa e a convergência do vento em 950 hPa os como parâmetros mais importantes na região SA, onde há maior ocorrência de tempestades severas. / The Amazon region plays a key role in climate regulation, both at the regional scale and on a global scale. Rainfall in the region is very heterogeneous, mainly because of the vast size of the Amazon. Among the systems responsible for rainfall, some stand out as extreme storm events, as can be seen in many previous studies. However, unlike the mid-latitudes, in the tropical region there is no widely acknowledged set of conditions for severe weather identification. This study seeks to identify a criterion for identifying severe weather in the Amazon region from the database Precipitation Features (PF) - 1998-2012 - generated and stored by the University of Utah, based on the TRMM satellite data. This study will also attempt to identify synoptic features associated with the occurrence of these events through compositions using the reanalysis NCEP CFSR data. Using the PCTF subset of Level 2 of PF database, the criteria established for identifying severe cases include: 1) systems with 80 or more pixels PCT85 GHz <250 K; 2) systems with one or more pixel with PCT85 GHz <100 K; 3) systems with convective rain volume greater than 1000 km2 mm/h and 4) at least one record of lightning. Comparing the systems selected by this criterion with the Mesoscale Convective Systems already cataloged it can be seen that the seasonal distribution is similar, although the stations with the highest number of cases are the transition seasons (spring and fall, 429 and 223 cases, respectively). Analyzing high rates of rays found in these systems, it is clear that the criterion truly selects severe cases. With the Amazon region divided into six sub-regions and cases accumulated by quarter (JFM, AMJ, JAS, OND) South of the Amazon sub region (SA) accounts for the largest number of cases, with a total of 271 for the period of study, OND quarter with higher occurrence (135), the lowest AMJ (29). The month of October draws attention to this sub-region as the month with the highest number of cases, totaling 59, of which 83% occur after 12 local time. These cases have been investigated in compositions, as well as cases observed after 12 local time in October for Amazon Central subregion (CA). In general: 1) SA has larger area with average stronger shear (8 m/s) than AC, especially for 00Z, 06Z and 12Z; 2) average wind positive divergence values at 200 hPa were more significant for CA than for SA; 3) Wind convergence at 950 hPa is more obvious for SA than at CA and 4) is predominantly CA moster at low levels than SA. Histograms with specific values for each of these cases, both sub regions are presented in order to help identify predictors for these cases. The severe weather identification criterion in the Amazon proves efficient, while the wind shear between 500-850 hPa and wind convergence in 950 hPa stand out as important parameters in the SA region, where there is greater occurrence of severe storms.

Elevated nutrient concentrations present significant challenges to surface water quality management globally, and dissolved organic matter mediates several key biogeochemical processes. Storm events often dominate riverine loads of nitrate, phosphorus, and dissolved organic matter, and are expected to increase in frequency and intensity in many regions due to climate change. The recent development of in situ optical sensors has revolutionized water quality monitoring and has highlighted the important role storms play in water quality. This dissertation focuses on improving the application of in situ optical water quality sensors and interpreting the high-frequency data they produce to better understand biogeochemical and watershed processes that are critical for resource management. We deployed in situ sensors to monitor water quality in three watersheds with contrasting land use / land cover, including agricultural, urban, and forested landscapes. The sensors measured absorbance of ultraviolet-visible light through the water column at 2.5 nanometer wavelength increments at 15-minute intervals for three years. These deployments provided a testbed to evaluate the sensors and improve models to predict concentrations of nitrate, three phosphorus fractions, and dissolved organic carbon using absorbance spectra and laboratory analyses through multivariate statistical techniques. In addition, an improved hysteresis calculation method was used to determine short-timescale storm dynamics for several parameters during 220 storm events. Goals of each dissertation chapter were to: (1) examine the influences of seasonality, storm size, and dominant land use / land cover on storm dissolved organic carbon and nitrate hysteresis and loads; (2) evaluate the utility of the sensors to determine total, dissolved, and soluble reactive phosphorus concentrations in streams draining different land use / land covers, and perform the first statistically robust validation technique applied to optical water quality sensor calibration models; and (3) analyze storm event dissolved organic matter quantity and character dynamics by calculating hysteresis indices for DOC concentration and spectral slope ratio, and develop a novel analytical framework that leverages these high frequency measurements to infer biogeochemical and watershed processes. Each chapter includes key lessons and future recommendations for using in situ optical sensors to monitor water quality.

Geomagnetic storms deposit energy and momentum into the Earth’s magnetosphere which in turn energizes the terrestrial atmosphere through Joule heating and particle precipitation. This storm energy predominantly converges at altitudes of 100 to 150 km, corresponding to the lower thermospheric region, which is then globally redistributed throughout the thermosphere. It is essential that we understand the times and magnitudes of this energy to understand the terrestrial atmospheric response to geomagnetic storms. However, our current knowledge is mostly limited to the studies of orbital altitudes of the thermosphere. We aim to fill this gap by conducting a statistical study of lower thermospheric response to geomagnetic storms. We use neutral temperature data from SABER (Sounding of the Atmosphere Using Broadband Emission Radiometry) instrument onboard the TIMED (Thermosphere, Ionosphere, and Mesosphere Energy Dynamics) satellite for this study. We devise a procedure to extract the storm response from SABER temperature measurements and deduce the magnitudes and times of the global storm energy redistribution in the 100 to 120 km altitude of the thermosphere. We use methods of inferential and descriptive statistics to investigate the lower thermospheric response for 145 storm intervals that occurred between 2002 and 2010. We also investigate the performance of the state-ofart physics and empirical models in replicating the lower thermosphere during geomagnetic storms.